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Venkataraman, K.

Threat to Diversity of Coral Reefs and its Associated Brachyuran Crabs in Gulf of Mannar Marine Biosphere Reserve

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Authors

A. Gokul ¹, K. Venkataraman ¹

Affiliations
1 Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, IN

Source

Journal of Environment and Sociobiology, Vol 12, No Sp Iss (2015), Pagination: 50-51

Abstract

The Gulf of Mannar Marine Biosphere reserve (GoMMBR) includes 21 islands under three groups, the Mandapam, Keelakarai and the Tuticorin. A detailed survey on the diversity and density of coral reef associated brachyuran crabs was carried out in all the islands of GoMMBR. The present study shows a declining trend in the overall diversity of brachyuran crabs in Gulf of Mannar. The crab diversity is abundant in Mandapam group of islands, low in Tuticorin group and moderate in Keelakarai group. The coral mining in large quantities may be one of the reasons for limited diversity of the corals and the coral reef associated crabs in Tuticorin groups of islands. The present study reveals 21 species of crabs from 7 families. The 1997 survey report on Gulf of Mannar studied the existence of 106 species under 15 families. The wide variation from the earlier works emphasizes the decline of the coral reef associated brachyuran crabs in Gulf of Mannar. This may be due to the exploitation of corals. Sedimentation and overstress were observed more in the Tuticorin group of islands. Threats also like coral mining, sand mining, sedimentation, commercial shell collection, industrial development along the coast and pollution from the coastal towns accelerate the coral reef degradation along with its associates in the GoMMBR.

Full Text

Threat to Diversity of Coral Reefs and its Associated Brachyuran Crabs in Gulf of Mannar Marine Biosphere Reserve

Abstract Views :338 | PDF Views:1

Authors

A. Gokul ¹, K. Venkataraman ¹

Affiliations
1 Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, IN

Source

Journal of Environment and Sociobiology, Vol 12, No 1 (2015), Pagination: 99-108

Abstract

The Gulf of Mannar Marine Biosphere reserve (GoMMBR) includes 21 islands under three groups, the Mandapam, Keelakarai and the Tuticorin. A detailed survey on the diversity and density of coral reef associated brachyuran crabs was carried out in all the islands of GoMMBR. The present study shows a declining trend in the overall diversity of brachyuran crabs in Gulf of Mannar. The crab diversity is abundant in Mandapam group of islands, low in Tuticorin group and moderate in Keelakarai group. The coral mining in large quantities may be one of the reasons for limited diversity of the corals and the coral reef associated crabs in Tuticorin groups of islands. The present study reveals 21 species of crabs from 7 families. The 1997 survey report on Gulf of Mannar revealed the existence of 106 species from 15 families. The wide variation from the earlier works emphasizes the decline of the coral reef associated brachyuran crabs in Gulf of Mannar. This may be due to the exploitation of corals. Sedimentation and overstress were observed more in the Tuticorin group of islands. Threats like coral mining, sand mining, sedimentation, commercial shell collection, industrial development along the coast and pollution from the coastal towns accelerate the coral reef degradation along with its associates in the GoMMBR.

Keywords

Threat, Coral Reef, Brachyuran Crabs, GoMMBR.

Full Text

References

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Thanikachalam, M. and Ramachandran, S. 2003a. Shoreline and coral reef ecosystem changes in Gulf of Mannar, South east coast of India. J. Indian Soc. Rem. Sen., 31(3): 157-173.

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Venkataraman, K. 2003. Natural aquatic ecosystems of India, Thematic biodiversity strategy and Action Plan. The National Biodiversity Strategy Action Plan, India, pp. 1-275.

Venkataraman, K. 2005a. Coral reef ecosystem in India with special reference to the status of coral reefs of Gulf of Mannar. In: Sakthivel, M. and Ronald, J. (eds.) Proceedings of National Seminar on the Rejuvenation and Reclamation of Coral Reefs of Gulf of Mannar, Aquameet, pp. 97-122.

Venkataraman, K. 2005b. Impact of Tsunami on the marine biodiversity of India. Report submitted to the Ministry of Environment and forests (Unpublished).

Venkataraman, K., Srinivasan, M., Satyanarayana, Ch. and Prabakar, D. 2002. Faunal diversity of Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve. Con. Area Ser., 15: 1-77. Zoological Survey of India.

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Catalogue on Copepod Fauna of India. Part 2. Cyclopoida and Harpacticoida (Arthropoda:Crustacea)

Abstract Views :392 | PDF Views:1

Authors

M. K. Dev Roy ¹, K. Venkataraman ²

Affiliations
1 Social Environmental and Biological Association, Kolkata, IN
2 National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management, Anna University, Chennai, IN

Source

Journal of Environment and Sociobiology, Vol 15, No 2 (2018), Pagination: 109-194

Abstract

An inventory of cyclopoid and harpacticoid copepods has been prepared in the form of a catalogue for the first time from India dealing with 181 species and subspecies under 38 genera and 9 families of Cyclopoida and 403 species and subspecies belonging to 163 genera and 35 families of Harpacticoida. Among these, in Cyclopoida, 24 are marine and 143 freshwater forms, remaining 40 species occur in estuarine and diversified water conditions; while in Harpacticoida, 311 are marine and only 68 are freshwater forms, rest 56 occur in brackish and estuarine habitats. In Cyclopoida, maximum number of species have been noted in Tamil Nadu (47) followed by Andhra Pradesh (39) while in Harpacticoida, the highest number has been recorded in Andaman and Nicobar Islands (203 species) which is followed by Tamil Nadu (142 species). The distribution of these copepod species in India are also incorporated in this catalogue.

Keywords

Copepoda, Cyclopoida, Harpacticoida, Catalogue, Distribution, India.

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Spatial Preference of Coral Associated Brachyuran Crabs in Gulf of Mannar Marine Biosphere Reserve

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Authors

A. Gokul ¹, K. Venkataraman ¹

Affiliations
1 Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, IN

Source

Journal of Environment and Sociobiology, Vol 9, No 1 (2012), Pagination: 57-62

Abstract

Brachyuran crabs associated with the head forming coral Pocillopora spp were accessed for their spatial preference in the islands of Gulf of Mannar Marine Biosphere Reserve (GoMMBR). The inter-branch volume of the corals is positively correlated with the number of associated crabs. The maximum average volume of the coral was observed at Appa Island (516 ml). Comparatively more species diversity and abundance of brachyuran were observed in Mandapam group of islands where maximum number of Pocillopora spp (19 no) was examined for the occurrence of these crabs. Very less coral colonies along with meager cryptofaunal associates were observed in Tuticorin group of islands. This probably indicates the deteriorating status of the coral health. Various natural as well as human disturbances enhanced the decrease in coral cover along with its crab associates.

Keywords

Cryptofauna, Symbiotic, Pocillopora, Spatial Preference.

Full Text

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