Journal of Endocrinology and Reproduction

T. Malini ¹, S. Rengarajan ¹, N. S. Venkatesh ¹, K. Balasubramanian ¹, M. M. Aruldhas ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Taramani, Chennai 600113, IN

Abstract

Quercetin, a bioflavonoid is an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase and cAMP-independent protein kinases. The present study is attempted to delineate the effects of quercetin on basal and hCG-stimulated testosterone production by normal rat Leydig cell in vitro.

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S. Yuvaraj ¹, C. Parthasarathy ¹, N. Srinivasan ¹, P. Govindarajulu ¹, K. Balasubramanian ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai 600 113, IN

Abstract

Clinical and experimental studies have shown the adverse effects of diabetes on testicular steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis. The present study was designed to assess the effects of streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetes on Leydig cell LH receptors and steroidogenic enzymes. Diabetes was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of STZ at a dose of 65 mg/kg body weight. Induction of diabetes was confirmed by plasma insulin and glucose estimations. One set of diabetic rats was treated with insulin (3U/100g body weight/day in two equally divided doses), 3 days after STZ treatment. Control and experimental animals were killed after twenty days.

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M. R. Vijayababu ¹, P. Kanagaraj ¹, A. Arunkumar ¹, Siva Dhanammal ¹, K. Balasubramanian ¹, N. Srinivasan ¹, M. M. Aruldhas ¹, J. Arunakaran ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai 600 113, IN

Abstract

Recent estimates have placed prostate cancer as the most commonly diagnosed malignancy. It is the fourth most common cancer in men worldwide. Androgen dependent prostate cancer can responds to androgen ablative therapy. However, if the cell contains heterogeneous population of both androgen dependent and androgen independent, the androgen ablative therapy can only responds to androgen dependent cell population but not to independent cancer.

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M. Sridhar ¹, P. Venkataraman ¹, S. Dhanammal ¹, A. Arunkumar ¹, K. Balasubramanian ¹, M. M. Aruldhas ¹, J. Arunakaran ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai 600 113, IN

Abstract

The present study was conducted to determine the effect of Aroclor 1254 (2 mg/kg bwt/day/IP) for 30 days, induced oxidative stress in prostate of adult albino rats. Additionally antioxidants such as Quercetin (2 mg/kg bwt/day/oral), Vitamin C (500 mg/kg bwt/day/oral) and Vitamin E (50 mg/kg bwt/ day/oral) were administrated to evaluate their therapeutic potency against Aroclor 1254 induced stress for 10 days.

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S. Dhanammal ¹, M. Sridhar ¹, P. Venkataraman ¹, M. R. Vijayababu ¹, K. Balasubramanian ¹, M. M. Arlildhas ¹, J. Arunakaran ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALMPGIBMS, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai-600 113, IN

Abstract

The present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of Aroclor 1254 (2mg/kg bwt/day/ip/30 days) induced oxidative stress in epididymis of adult albino rats. Antioxidants such as vitamin C (500mg/kg bwt/day/oral) were administered for 10 days to counter the effect of Aroclor 1254 induced oxidativestress.

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P. Mary Julie ¹, T. Malini ¹, J. Arunakaran ¹, K. Balasubramanian ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai-600 113, IN

Abstract

Effects of luteinizing hormone (LH), insulin and their combination on the regulation of prolactin (PRL) receptors on Leydig cells were studied. Leydig cells were isolated from adult male Wistar rats and measurement of PRL binding and internalization was done by incubating the cells with saturating concentration of ¹²⁵I-PRL in the presence or absence of different doses of unlabeled LH/ insulin. LH exposure caused biphasic pattern of changes in Leydig cells surface binding of ¹²⁵I-PRL was increased only by 100 and 200 ng doses of LH. Exposure of insulin at all doses registered no significant change in both cell surface bound and internalized PRL receptors. In normal cells, surface binding of ¹²⁵I-PRL was greater than the internalization at 34°C but at 4°C, surface binding remained lower than that at 34°C with negligible internalization.

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S. Rengarajan ¹, R. Sivakumar ¹, N. Srinivasan ¹, P. Govindarajulu ¹, K. Balasubramanian ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai-600 113, IN

Abstract

Glucocorticoid excess due to stress, endocrine disorders or therapeutic application has been recognized to have an adverse efTect on androgenic status of men. Our previous studies emphasized the defective LH signal transduction in Leydig cells exposed to corticosterone. The present study was designed to identify the dose-dependent effects of corticosterone on the regulation of Leydig cell surface LH receptors and steroidogenic potency in vitro.

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R. Sivakumar ¹, J. Arunakaran ¹, N. Srinivasan ¹, P. Govindarajulu ¹, K. Balasubramanian ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai-600 113, IN

Abstract

Therapeutic or experimental radiation exposure is known to impair testicular Leydig cell function. However, the molecular mechanisms that underlie such effects are largely unknown. Our previous study demonstrated that higher doses of gamma radiation impair basal and LH-stimulated cAMP production. The present study deals with the dose dependent effects of gamma radiation on LH and cAMP stimulated steroidogenesis in human Leydig cells. Testicles removed from advanced prostatic carcinoma patients, who do not have any endocrine or metabolic disorders known to affect the testicular functions were used in the present study. Prior to orchidectomy, serum hormones such as FSH, LH, testosterone and estradiol were assayed to evaluate the testicular functions.

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S. Singh ¹, S. Yuvaraj ¹, R. Sivakumar ¹, C. Parthasarathy ¹, T. Malini ¹, K. Balasubramanian ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai-600 113, IN

Abstract

Male reproductive dysfunction is a common feature in diabetic boys and men. Defective spermatogenesis, sperm count, sperm motility, seminal fluid volume and serum testosterone, supports endocrine basis for impotence and fertility disorders. The present investigation was carried out to understand the impact of diabetes on the structure and development of epididymis during the critical period of sexual maturation in rats. Prepubertal (40 days old) and adult (120 days old) male Wistar rats were made diabetic by single injection of streptozotocin (120 mg/kg body weight for prepubertal and 65 mg/kg body weight for adult) intraperitoneally.

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P. Murugesan ¹, J. Senthilkumar ¹, K. Balasubramanian ¹, M. M. Aruldhas ¹, P. Govindarajulu ¹, J. Arunakaran ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai-600 113, IN

Abstract

To find out the effect of polychlorinated biphenyl compound Aroclor 1254 on rat Leydig cellular antioxiSant system, adult male rats were exposed to Aroclor 1254 (2 mg/kg b.wt.) mixed with com oil through intraperitoneal (ip) injection daily for 30 days. The control rats were administered com oil as vehicle. Testes were removed on the both groups and Leydig cells were isolated by enzymatic digestion and purified on discontinous percoll gradient.

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R. llangovan ¹, M. Balaganesh ¹, S. Sittadjody ¹, R. Sivakumar ¹, M. Sridhar ¹, R. C. Vignesh ¹, B. Ravi Sankar ¹, J. Arunakaran ¹, K. Balasubramanian ¹, M. Michael Aruldhas ¹, N. Srinivasan ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai - 600 113, IN

Abstract

In the present investigation, 100 osteoporotic men with 100 age-matched normal were studied for serum sex steroids, parathyroid hormone (PTH), thyroid hormone (T₃), cytokines and bone turnover markers. Serum dihydrotestosterone (DHT) was significantly decreased in osteoporotic men compared with normal. In osteoporotic men, there was a significant increase in serum interleukin (IL)-lalpha. A marked increase in bone formation marker, serum osteocalcin (OCN) and bone resorption marker, serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) reflects high bone turnover in osteoporotic men. In conclusion, the present findings point out an important role of DHT in maintaining BMD in men. A strong positive correlation of serum DHT with BMD offers new perspectives in understanding the role of non-aromatizable androgen in the regulation of bone metabolism in men.

Keywords

BMD, Cytokines, DHT.

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S. Soudamani ¹, S. Yuvaraj ¹, S. Rengarajan ¹, R. Sivakumar ¹, T. Malini ¹, K. Balasubramanian ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Endocrinology, Dr. ALM Post-Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai 600 113, IN

Abstract

The present study was aimed at evaluating the effects of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes and insulin replacement on the androgen (AR) and estrogen receptor (ER) concentrations in the caput, corpus and cauda epididymides of prepubertal and adult Wistar rats. Prepubertal (40 days old) and adult (120 days old) male Wistar rats were made diabetic by single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of STZ (120 mg/kg and 60 mg/kg body weight, respectively). To one set of diabetic rats, insulin was administered daily at a dose of 3 U/100 g body weight, subcutaneously, in two equally divided doses at 8.00 AM and 6.00 PM. All the rats were killed on the 21st day of commencement of experimentation. The epididymis was dissected out and caput, corpus and cauda segments were separated, freed from spermatozoa and processed for AR and ER quantification. STZ-induced diabetes caused a marked decrease in both nuclear and cytosolic AR and ER concentrations in the caput, corpus and cauda epididymides. Insulin replacement circumvented the adverse effects of diabetes in a segment-specific manner. These findmgs emphasize the detrimental effects of diabetes and the importance of insulin in the maintenance of epididymal AR and ER concentrations in immature as well as adult rats.

Keywords

Androgen Receptor, Diabetes, Epididymis, Estrogen Receptor, Insulin.

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