Journal of Endocrinology and Reproduction https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/JERSRBCE <div id="i-scholarabout"><p><strong>Journal of Endocrinology and Reproduction (JER),</strong> published biannually, one issue in June and the other in December. JER is a single-blind peer reviewed journal.</p><p>The aim of the journal is to disseminate high quality information related to basic and applied aspects of Endocrinology and Reproduction. The Editorial Board will put all effort to ensure rapid publication.</p><p>The Journal publishes review articles (both invited and contributed; in the latter case, in consultation with the Editor-in-Chief), papers on original investigations, short communications and letters to the editor, Any aspect of endocrinology as well as reproductive biology of vertebrates, including human / veterinary, and invertebrates; basic as well as applied; clinical / molecular. Reputed senior scientists will write the review articles, mostly based on the invited talks at the annual meeting of SRBCE, but reviews are welcome from other authors as well.</p><p><strong>JER is currently indexed in the following Databases:</strong></p><ul style="list-style: initial; margin: 0.25em 0 0.75em 0; padding: 0 0 0 2.5em;"><li><p>Current Contents</p></li><li><p>Biological Abstracts</p></li><li><p>Biosis</p></li><li><p>Chemical Abstracts</p></li><li><p>Google Scholar.</p></li><li><p>Current Indian Titles</p></li></ul><p>Efforts are taken to get it covered in PubMed.</p></div> en-US mgdcaua@yahoo.in (Dr. M. A. Akbarsha) mgdcaua@yahoo.in (Dr. M. A. Akbarsha) Wed, 28 Jun 2023 11:59:38 +0000 OJS 2.4.2.0 http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss 60 Evaluation of Lumbar Lordosis and Hip Extensor Strength in Postpartum Woman with Pelvic Girdle Pain - A Case Control Study https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/JERSRBCE/article/view/222243 Background: Pelvic Girdle Pain (PGP) is a musculoskeletal pain that arises between the posterior iliac crest and gluteal fold, at the sacroiliac joint and also radiates posteriorly in the thigh. PGP give rise to very intense pain and disability than Low Back Ache (LBA). It is a common condition during pregnancy and post-delivery. Joint laxity increases pelvic rotation and lumbar lordosis which results in adaptive hip extensor muscle weakness. Hence the studies focus on identifying the lumbar lordosis and hip extensor strength of PGP. Aim of the Study: To identify the association between lumbar lordosis and PGP and to identify the association between hip extensor strength and PGP among post-partum women. Material and Methodology: Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria a total of 80 postpartum women were assessed based on the diagnostic criteria the women were divided into two groups. Group A consists of women with PGP and group B consists of women without PGP. Both groups were assessed for lumbar lordosis using flexicurve and hip extensor strength using a manual muscle tester. Data collected was analyzed using. Outcome Measure: Flexicurve to assess lumbar lordosis. Manual muscle tester to assess hip extensor strength. Result: The study showed that the mean lumbar lordosis was significantly higher in women with PGP than in women without PGP, p = 0.001. There was a 15.46° ± 6.91° higher angle observed in persons who had pelvic girdle pain compared to those who did not have pelvic girdle pain. The mean hip extensor strength for group ‘A’ (average of right and left side) was 12.74 ± 0.73kg, whereas it was significantly higher in group ‘B’. Conclusion: The study concludes that there is a positive association between lumbar lordosis and hip extensor weakness in pelvic girdle pain. Mani Mohanieshwari, Jincy Samuel https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/JERSRBCE/article/view/222243 Fri, 31 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Sexual Biology and Mating Behaviour in Decapod Crustaceans: A Case Study with Coral Reef-Dwelling Caridean Shrimps https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/JERSRBCE/article/view/222223 <span>Crustaceans have diversified sexual systems, incorporating various reproductive modalities such as gonochorism and a wide variety of hermaphroditism. In particular, the coral reef- dwelling caridean shrimps, living in symbiosis with other marine invertebrates, have developed unusual sexual systems that have given origin to a range of social systems, including the highly advanced eusociality. Protandric hermaphroditism, common among the caridean shrimps, has also reached a unique sexual condition, known as protandric simultaneous hermaphroditism, in the genus, </span><em>Lysmata</em><span>. Similarly, mating systems in the caridean shrimps are highly diverse and divergent. In addition, their occurrence in the coral reef shrimps is correlated to their life style adaptations such as their commensal association with other invertebrates. Other ecological factors like the predation risk from outside of the host animals and differences in the host characteristics may also be the driving forces in determining mating associations. Furthermore, the transition from sexual monogamy to social monogamy under conditions of their symbiotic life led to complex community living in several synalpheid shrimps. Understandably, the existence of various sexual and mating systems in these caridean shrimps has a dependence on the eco- social conditions prevalent in the coral reef biota.</span> Thanumalaya Subramoniam https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/JERSRBCE/article/view/222223 Thu, 30 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Trigonelline: An Emerging Paradigm for Effective Therapy in Diabetes Mellitus https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/JERSRBCE/article/view/222224 <span>Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is recognized as a critical priority because of its epidemic nature. Successful diabetes treatment is not yet established and nowadays, diabetes is considered a global problem. Recent medications have not proved to be complete treating agents because, until now no one had completely cured diabetes. Current antidiabetic drugs have many undesirable side effects. So, an alternative therapy is required. Nowadays, various plant species are used worldwide as hypoglycemic, antihyperglycemic, antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic agents. A number of plants contain active metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, carotenoids, terpenoids, etc., which are extensively used in antidiabetic drugs. About 400 plant species have been reported as having hypoglycemic activity. From these medicinal plants and their active components, various herbal drugs are being formed. This review aims to understand different plant species used to date for treating diabetes, the therapeutic potential of fenugreek, the active compounds isolated from fenugreek, the chemical structure of trigonelline, therapeutic uses of trigonelline as an antidiabetic agent. Research papers, manuscripts and review papers were searched and relevant contents were studied. One hundred sixty-three papers were included in this review. The review resulted in a better understanding of the use of trigonelline in diabetes treatment.</span> Madhuri V. Walvekar, Namrata A. Jadhav, Jitesh A. Daunde, Nitin D. Potphode, Sneha S. Desai https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/JERSRBCE/article/view/222224 Thu, 30 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Relationship between Serum Levels of Oxidative Stress Markers and Metabolic Syndrome Components in PCOS Women https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/JERSRBCE/article/view/222225 <span>Background: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinological problem that leads to infertility in reproductive age. It is strongly associated with oxidative stress, which increases the risk of Metabolic Syndrome (Met-S) in women. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between oxidative stress markers and metabolic syndrome parameters in PCOS women. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we included age-matched 100 control and 150 PCOS (according to Rotterdam criteria). Anthropometric measurements were obtained from each subject. Lipid profile, Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG), and insulin were determined. Serum Malondialdehyde (MDA), Nitric Oxide (NO), and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) levels are pro-oxidant indicators, while for antioxidant activities, Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Glutathione (GSH), Vitamin-C (Vit C), and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) activity were measured by spectrophotometry. Results: In the PCOS group the SOD, CAT, GSH, Vit C, and TAC activity were significantly low, whereas NO, ROS, and MDA were significantly high (p &lt; 0.05). In the PCOS group, the pro-oxidant MDA showed a negative correlation with HDL and a positive correlation with DBP. The antioxidants SOD and CAT showed a negative correlation with fasting blood glucose and triglycerides. Conclusion: The metabolic syndrome components of PCOS can induce oxidative stress, which is evidenced by a decrease in antioxidant defence mechanisms. It is probably because oxidative stress itself is the consequence of PCOS, more so with Met-S which increases the pro-oxidant state and decreases the anti-oxidant capacity in women.</span> K. Lakshmi, Suttur S. Malini https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/JERSRBCE/article/view/222225 Thu, 30 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Inhibition of Cholesterol Biosynthesis Modulates Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Primary Cicatricial Alopecia Through TGFβ and Angiotensin Receptors https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/JERSRBCE/article/view/222226 <span>Introduction: Primary Cicatricial Alopecia (PCA) is an autoimmune condition that affects the skin and causes hair loss in patients. In PCA the hair follicles of the patients are irreversibly damaged and replaced with fibrous tissue. This diseased condition lends relevance to our work since the fibrosis raises the potential that PCA may be affected in some way by the Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition (EMT). We used small interfering RNAs (siRNA) of TGFβ, AGTR and their regulators to identify the EMT modulation. Because these molecules mediate the induction of EMT. This study explores the idea of lowering PCA fibrosis by modifying EMT markers. Methods: We chose 7 DHC and BM15766 to investigate the function of cholesterol biosynthesis inhibition. We employed the HFORS in vitro and the mouse in vivo model system to examine EMT regulation PCA. Quantitative real-time PCR was utilised to examine the expression of genes in PCA scalp samples, compound-treated HFORS, and mouse tissues; immunohistochemistry was used to confirm the protein estimate in the scalp samples; and small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection was used to identify the functional analysis of TGFβ and AGTR. Results: Reduced cholesterol production in PCA patients leads to permanent hair follicle damage. The in vitro and in vivo study using 7DHC and BM15766 revealed cells were positive for the EMT markers. PPARγ, AhR, and AGTR together can act as vital EMT regulators. As a result, the PPARγ agonist, AhR, and AGTR antagonist significantly downregulate the expression of CDH1, SNAIL1, and SMA. The markers of EMT are likewise deregulated by the transfection of siRNA for TGFβ and AGTR. Conclusion: We clarify how EMT is regulated in hair loss circumstances by suppressing cholesterol biosynthesis. We further confirm that EMT modulators (PPARγ, AhR, AGTR, and TGFβ) and siRNA can be employed as potentially effective strategies to slow the advancement of EMT. As a result, we propose these cholesterol and EMT modulators as potential inhibitors in PCA etiology.</span> Leemon Nikhila, Suresh Surya, Shahul Hameed Najeeb, Thankachan Mangalathettu Binumon, Parameswara Panicker Sreejith https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/JERSRBCE/article/view/222226 Thu, 30 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0000 Epididymis of the Lizard Eutropis carinata: A Light Microscopic and Ultrastructural Seasonal Study https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/JERSRBCE/article/view/222227 <span>The epididymis of the lizard </span><em>Eutropis carinata</em><span> can be divided into four regions viz., an initial segment (extra testicular) Efferent ductules (Eds) and three regions, the anterior region, a broad middle, and a narrow posterior, comparable to the caput, corpus, and cauda epididymidis of mammals. The anterior region of the epididymis is closely associated with a whitish initial segment (extra testicular), the Efferent ductules (Eds). The epididymal wall consists of an epithelial layer lining the lumen resting on a basement membrane surrounded by four to five layers of smooth circular muscles, a layer of connective tissue, and a layer of serosa. The ultrastructure study of the initial segment of epididymis the Eds during breeding season discloses four cell types in its epithelium viz., ciliated, non-ciliated, Apical-Mitochondria Rich Cells (AMRC), and basal cells. The anterior, middle, and posterior regions of the epididymis show five different cell types namely principal, basal, AMRC, narrow, and clear cells. Ciliated and non-ciliated cells are limited to the initial segment of the epididymis while, principal, narrow, and clear cells are found in the rest of the three regions of the epididymis. Basal and AMRC are found in all four regions. AMRCs are the most abundant cell type in the initial segment while principal cells are the major components of the epithelial lining of the remaining regions of the epididymis. During the non-breeding season, all the cell types are present but with regression and altered cytology of the cells without any sign of cellular activity in the different regions of the epididymis. During the breeding season, even the circulating testosterone levels are significantly higher compared to the non-breeding season. This is the first report describing different cell types in the initial segment and three different regions of the epididymis with ultrastructural seasonal variations in the Keeled Indian Mabuya, </span><em>Eutropis carinata</em><span> (Scincidae)</span> Ivan Aranha, M. Bhagya, B. K. Chandrashekar Sagar https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/JERSRBCE/article/view/222227 Thu, 30 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0000