International Research Journal of Agricultural Economics and Statistics

M. K. Aravinda Kumar ¹, G. M. Gaddi ², L. Manjunath ³, B. C. Ashwini ², A. P. Bavya ², Prakash Mokashi ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Economics, College of Agriculture, HASSAN (KARNATAKA), IN
2 Department of Agricultural Economics, College of Agriculture, HASSAN (KARNATAKA), IN
3 College of Agriculture, HASSAN (KARNATAKA), IN

Abstract

India is the largest producer of cashew nut in the world accounting for 39.47 per cent of world cashew production during 2010. It has the largest area harvested under the raw cashew nuts in the world. The area of cashew had registered a growth rate of 2.46 per cent per annum, while the production increased by 4.51 per cent per annum. The yield recorded a compound growth rate of 1.79 per cent per annum during the study period (1978-79 to 2011-12). These growth rates were statistically significant at one per cent level of probability. The variation in area, production, and productivity of cashew was observed at 3.84 per cent, 6.29 per cent and 8.09 per cent, respectively. Results on variability in export revealed that in quantity terms it was 7.64 per cent, in value terms it was 12.23 per cent and in terms of unit value it worked out to be 14.23 per cent, which is the highest. Introduction of new High Yielding Varieties of cashew can improve the production and export of cashew kernel. It would be better to concentrate on exporting more of value added products to realize higher profit and it ensures a better price to producer by increasing competition in domestic market.

Keywords

Cashew, Production, Export, Growth Rate, Trade.

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B. C. Ashwini ¹, A. P. Bhavya ², G. M. Gaddi ², M. K. Aravinda Kumar ², L. Manjunath ³, Prakash Mokashi ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Economics, College of Agriculture, HASSAN (KARNATAKA), IN
2 Department of Agricultural Economics, College of Agriculture, HASSAN (KARNATAKA), IN
3 College of Agriculture, HASSAN (KARNATAKA), IN

Abstract

Agriculture is the back bone of Indian economy. It feeds 125 crore human population of India directly or through the generation of economic activities in the country, which is re instated in the resilience of Indian economy even in recent difficult days of global recession. In the 18 years period between 1996 to 2013 as many as 2,82,914 farmers committed suicide in India (1996 to 2013). Farmer suicides have decreased at annual compound growth rate of around 0.05 per cent per annum (1996 to 2013). The general suicides have increased at annual compound growth rate of around 2.19 per cent per annum. The total plan outlay towards agriculture and allied sectors has increased from I FYP (Rs. 354 crores) to II FYP (Rs. 50,924 crores) but the percentage of such an allocation to the total outlay has been decreased from nearly 14.90 per cent to 2.40 per cent over the years. A large number of Indian farmers are under debt trap due to variety of reasons. A major one among them, is the crop failure, leading to non-repayment of loans taken to raise that crop, thus, unable to get institutional credit for the succeeding seasons. The subsidy given towards agriculture has increased from Rs. 45,529 crores to Rs. 66,989 crores, but compared to other countries like Canada, Japan, USA the subsidy given to Indian farmers is far less. The gap between MSP and cost of cultivation in majority of the crops was minimum of 32 per cent except, Sugarcane, where the gap was the least (12 %). Effective collaborations, co-ordination, co-operations, commitment to the cause of the farmers' upliftment are needed to prevent farmers' suicide.

Keywords

Agriculture, Farmer, Suicide, Subsidy, MSP.

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A. S. Shashi Kiran ¹, N. Mallikarjuna Swamy ², M. K. Aravinda Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Economics, Agriculture College (U.A.S.), Hassan (Karnataka), IN
2 Department of Agricultural Economics,\ University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru (Karnataka), IN

Abstract

Pulses are an important commodity group of crops that provide high quality protein complementing cereal proteins for pre-dominantly substantial vegetarian population of the country. In India, pulses can be produced with a minimum use of resources and hence, it becomes less costly even than animal protein. Although this crop group is more important from the nutritional point of view, there has not been any significant development both in area and production during the last 50 years. In recent years, commercial and major millets are replacing the area under pulses and has led to several issues requiring attention of all the concerned. The study is based on time-series data for 60 years (1950-51 to 2009-10) on area, production and productivity of pulses in India. Exponential growth rate, instability index and Hazel’s decomposition analysis was used and it was found that, the growth rate of area under pulses during the study period was non-significant, while production growth rate was just 0.59. The variation around the trend (instability index 10.56) and the variation around mean (CV 14.45 %) was more in case of production. Increase in mean yield accounted for 99 per cent of the increase in production. Variance in production of pulses was mainly due to residual factors.

Keywords

Growth, Instability, Sustainability.

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