International Journal of Plant Sciences

K. Tejeswara Rao ¹, A. Upendra Rao ², D. Srinivasulu Reddy ²

Affiliations
1 AICRP Ifs Scheme, Agricultural Research Station, Seethampeta, Srikakulam, A.P., IN
2 Agricultural Research Station, Seethampeta, Srikakulam, A.P., IN

Abstract

Field experiments were conducted for two consecutive years (2003-04 and 2004-2005) at S.V. Agricultural College Farm (ANGRAU), Tirupati , Southern plateau and Hills zone of India on red sandy soils consisting Greengram was raised as residual crop during summer in a sequence of Maize sown in Kharif and Sunflower sown in Rabi with the imposition of the treatments to the first two crops of the sequence. There were fourteen treatments comprising of six different sources of nitrogen viz., farm yard manure, vermicompost, neem leaf manure, poultry manure, pig manure and fertilizer to supply recommended dose of nitrogen on equalent nitrogen basis and one absolute control. All the seven treatments were tried with and without the foliar application of Panchagavya, thus making the total treatments to fourteen. Regarding the dynamics of various soil fertility parameters viz., soil organic carbon, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium, all of them were found built up to a considerable extent with the use of organic manures to maize and sunflower, while the application of fertilizer to maize and sunflower could just maintain the soil fertility status with neither considerable replenishment nor deterioration.As regards the balance sheet of soil available N, P and K, the highest positive balance of soil available nitrogen was found associated with neem leaf manure, and that of phosphorus was associated with poultry manure while that of potassium was with vermicompost. However, all the organic manures could result in higher balance than with application of fertilizer to maize and sunflower crops. Irrespective of the manurial sources, use of Panchagavya did not exert any noticeable effect on fertility enrichment of the soil.

Keywords

Green Gram , Organic Manures, Growth, Yield, Nutrient Uptake, Economics

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K. Tejeswara Rao ¹, A. Upendra Rao ², G. Jogi Naidu ², D. S. Reddy ²

Affiliations
1 AICRP Ifs Scheme, Agricultural Research Station, Seethampeta, Srikakulam, A.P., IN
2 Agricultural Research Station, Seethampeta, Srikakulam, A.P., IN

Abstract

Field experiments were conducted for two consecutive Rabi seasons of 2003-04and 2004-05 at Tirupati , Southern plateau and Hills zone of India on red sandy soils with fourteen treatments comprised of six different sources of nitrogen viz., farm yard manure, vermicompost, neem leaf, poultry manure, pig manure and fertilizer to supply recommended dose of nitrogen on equalant nitrogen basis and one absolute control were tried with and without the foliar application of Panchagavya, . All the growth and yield attributes, yield (seed as well as stalk) harvest index, nitrogen uptake and gross returns as well as net returns of sunflower were at their best with recommended dose of fertilizer either with or without Panchagavya spray. The highest oil content of the seed was recorded with neem leaf manure in combination with Panchagavya, which was however, comparable with all the other four organic sources tried in combination with Panchagavya, but significantly higher than with the fertilizer either with or without the use of Panchagavya. The highest phosphorus uptake of sunflower was recorded with poultry manure either with or without the spray of Panchagavya, while the potassium uptake was the highest with vermicompost either with or without the spray of Panchagavya. Irrespective of the source of nutrient supply, foliar application of Panchagavya resulted in higher nutrient uptake of sunflower than with the use of respective organic manures alone without the use of Panchagavya. Among the organic sources tried, the highest net returns and benefit-cost ratio of sunflower were realized with poultry manure in combination with Panchagavya.

Keywords

Sunflower, Organic Farming, Panchagavya, Yield, Nutrient Uptake

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K. Tejeswara Rao ¹, M. M. V. Srinivasa Rao ¹, D. Nagarjuna ¹

Affiliations
1 Agricultural Research Station, Seethampeta, Srikakulam (A.P.), IN

Abstract

Experiments were conducted during Kharif and Rabi seasons of 2015-16 and 2016-17 in farmers fields to study the effect of different agronomic management practices on yield and net returns of rice-rice cropping system in 2 different mandals of Srikakulam district of Andhra Pradesh. The results revealed that yields of rice-rice cropping system were significantly higher over farmer’s practices, by adoption of all the recommended package of practices which includes maintenance of optimum plant population and application of recommended dose of NPK and zinc fertilizers at right stages of the crop growth to both the crops in the cropping system.

Keywords

Nutrient Management, Rice-Rice Cropping System, Optimum Population.

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K. Tejeswara Rao ¹, P. B. Pradeep Kumar ¹, E. Chandrayudu ¹

Affiliations
1 District Agricutral Advisory and Transfer of Technology, Centre-KVK (ANGRAU), Kondempudi, Visakhapatam (A.P.), IN

Abstract

Paddy is major predominant crop during kharif in Visakhapatnam district of Andhra Pradesh, cultivated in an area of 102074 ha, out of total cropped area of 180164 ha with productivity of 2524 kg/ha. Farmers grow crop by adopting traditional method of paddy cultivation, use more seed rate, close spacing, late transplanting with over aged seedlings common phenomenon due to erotic rainfall Scarcity of labour and escalation in labour wages, reduction in labor efficiency are leading to low net returns. Organized On Farm Trials (OFTs) in farmer fields in two seasons Kharif, 2018 and Kharif, 2019. MSRI technology in paddy recorded 20.76% yield over normal transplanting method of paddy cultivation during both Kharif seasons. The results from the study showed that the farmers realized additional net income of Rs.15038 due to increased grain yield by 20.76% with reduction of cost of cultivation by Rs. 1150, it could be attributed to reduction in manual labour per ha and also increase in yield attributes.

Keywords

Mechanized System Rice Intensification (MSRI), Method of Rice Cultivation, OFTs, Yield and Yield Attributes, B:C Ratio.

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