International Journal of Plant Protection

S. R. Patel ¹, H. V. Pandya ², S. D. Patel ¹, M. M. Naik ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology, N.M. College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari Gujarat, IN
2 Department of Entomology, N.M. College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari Gujarat

Abstract

Studies on biology of Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) on mulberry plant showed that the silkworm moth laid the eggs which were singly coated with gummy substance, ellipsoidal in shape and dull white in colour under the laboratory condition. The average incubation period and hatching percentage were 8.32 ± 1.179 days and 91.60 ± 5.317 per cents, respectively. The larvae passed through five instars. The average larval period was 24.44 ± 1.509 days while pupal weight and duration varied from 0.622 ± 0.052 g and 12.54 ± 1.22 days, respectively. Shell weight varied from 0.105 ± 0.022 g. The average pre-oviposition, oviposition and postoviposition periods were, 0.43 ± 0.028, 2.30 ± 0.483 and 3.50 ± 0.527 days, respectively. The average fecundity of the female was 269 ± 30.21 eggs during entire life span. The average longevity of male and female moth was, 5.60 ± 0.699 and 6.23 ± 0.431 days, respectively. The life span of female was found to be relatively more than male moth.

Keywords

bombyx Mori, Mulberry Plant, Biology

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J. R. Patel ¹, R. M. Patel ¹, S. R. Patel ¹, Virendra Singh

Affiliations
1 College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Bharuch Gujarat, IN

Abstract

Papaya is propagated through seed. It is a cross-pollinated crop, the plant raised from seeds have a mixed inheritance which make them highly variable in performance. Clonal propagation is an urgent necessity for improvement of papaya. Although, desirable characteristics of papaya var. Red Lady, growers are not able to adopt this variety due to very high cost of seed. The technique of in vitro culture has been made clonal propagation a possibility in papaya. While standardizing the method of micropropagation of papaya, the factors influencing in vitro establishment and growth of papaya were examined namely, sources of explants, surface sterilants, pH of the medium, sucrose and adenine sulphate concentration in the medium. In multiplication study, the maximum shoot multiplication was observed in alternate sub culturing in basal medium and MS medium + 0.5 mg/l BAP + 0.1 mg/l NAA and gave highest number of shoots per explants. Sucrose 30 g/l in medium was found to be more favourable for maximum number of shoot and length of longest shoots. Out of various pH level tested, pH 5.7 recorded maximum numbers of shoots (3) and maximum length of longest shoots (2.75 cm). In proliferation medium, maximum length of shoot, numbers of shoots and growth rate was observed in MS medium fortified with 160 mg/l adenine sulphate. In vitroischolar_maining occurred on shoot regeneration medium; however, it was a slow process. Rooting treatment consisting of half MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l IBA was found to be the best for early induction of ischolar_mains (28 days), maximum number of ischolar_mains/shoot (5.00) and length of ischolar_main (6.00 cm) also. Among all potting mixtures tested, the soil: sand: FYM (1/1/1: V/V/V) was found to be suitable for hardening in vitro raised papaya plantlets.

Keywords

Explants, in vitro, Shoot Tip Sterilization, Papaya Rooting

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