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Pathak, Devesh
- Cultural and Morphological Variations among the Isolates of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) De Bary Causing Sclerotinia Stem Rot
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Plant Protection, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh (U.P.), IN
1 Department of Plant Protection, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh (U.P.), IN
Source
International Journal of Plant Protection, Vol 10, No 2 (2017), Pagination: 295-298Abstract
Sclerotinia stem rot caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary is one of the most serious and damaging disease of many important crops and weeds worldwide. It causes considerable yield losses in quality and quantity of crop produce. In present study, Eleven isolates of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were collected from different host plants and studied for their cultural and morphological variations. The observations of study revealed that all isolates varied in their cultural characters viz., colony growth (mm), colony appearance (colour and type of growth) and morphological characters viz., initiation, size and number of sclerotia. Among different isolates, carrot isolate (75.86 mm) was found significantly fast growing followed by brinjal isolate (70.96 mm), while potato isolate (57.13 mm) grown slowly in potato dextrose agar medium at 72 hours after inoculation. Maximum number of sclerotia (34.66) was produced in tomato isolate, whereas, minimum (4.33) in parthenium isolate. Largest size of sclerotia (9x4.66 mm) was observed in tomato isolate however, smallest size of sclerotia (2.0x2.0 mm) were produced in lentil and parthenium isolates.Keywords
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Isolates, Cultural, Morphological Variations.
References
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- Upadhyay, P., Tiwari, A. K. and Bisht, K. S. (2015).Cultural, morphological, pathogenic variability and mycelial compatibility among the isolates of sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) De Bary cause of sclerotinia rot. Bioscan, 10(4): 1813-181.
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- Effect of Different Inoculum Levels of Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn. on Disease Development and Growth of Chilli (C. annuum) cv. G-4
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Plant Protection, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh (U.P.), IN
1 Department of Plant Protection, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh (U.P.), IN
Source
International Journal of Plant Protection, Vol 10, No 2 (2017), Pagination: 375-377Abstract
Chilli (Capsicum annuum) is one of the most important spice crop in the world having nutritive value especially rich in Vitamin C. It suffers excess yield loss by the infection of ischolar_main rot caused by Rhizoctonia solani worldwide. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of different inoculum levels of R. solani on growth and disease development of chilli cv. G-4 under pot conditions.The observations of this study revealed that R. solani is a potential pathogen, significantly reduced the length, fresh and dry weight of shoot and ischolar_main of chilli cv. G-4 and increase ischolar_main infection upto 5-65.7 per cent. The highest reduction in shoot length (27.5%), ischolar_main length (10.3%), shoot fresh weight (15.5%), ischolar_main fresh weight (4.3%), shoot dry weight (6.7%) and ischolar_main dry weight (1.3%) were observed at highest inoculum level of 4 g culture/kg soil. However, highest ischolar_main infection (65.7%) was observed at highest inoculum level i.e. 4g culture/kg soil,while ischolar_main infection was least (5.0 %) at lowest inoculum level i.e. 0.5 g culture/kg soil.Keywords
Rhizoctonia solani, Chilli, Inoculums Density, Growth, Disease Development.References
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- Vudhivanich, S. (2003). Potential of some Thai herbal extracts for inhibiting growth of Ralstonia solanacearum, the causal agent of bacterial wilt of tomato. Kamphaengsaen Academic J., 1 (2) : 70-76.
- In vitro Evaluation of Fungicides, Bio-Control Agents and Plant Extracts against Early Blight of Tomato Caused by Alternaria solani (Ellis and Martin) Jones and Grout
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Plant Protection, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh (U.P.), IN
1 Department of Plant Protection, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh (U.P.), IN
Source
International Journal of Plant Protection, Vol 11, No 1 (2018), Pagination: 102-108Abstract
The present experiment was conducted to test the efficacy of fungicides, bio-control agents and plant extracts in vitro against Alternaria solani causing early blight of tomato. Seven fungicides viz., four systemic (Propiconazole, Azoxystrobin, Thiophanate methyl and Carbendazim) and three non-systemic (Mancozeb, Captan and Zineb) at four concentrations i.e. 50, 100, 150 and 200 ppm and seven plant extracts viz., Datura strumarium (Jimson weed), Allium sativum (Garlic), Azadirachta indica (Neem), Zingiber officinale (Ginger), Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi), Calotropis gigantea (Aak) and Eucalyptus chamadulonsis (Eucalyptus) also at four concentrations i.e. 5, 10, 15 and 20 per cent were evaluated through poison food technique. Seven bio-control agents viz., Trichoderma harzianum, T. viride, T. koningii, T. hamatum, T. atroviride, Aspergillus niger and A. flavus were also evaluated in this study through dual culture technique. Among the systemic fungicides, Propiconazole was proved to be highly effective and recorded cent per cent inhibition at their all concentrations while among the non-systemic, Mancozeb was proved to be effective at their all concentrations but recorded 100 per cent inhibition only at their higher concentration i.e. 400 ppm. Among different plant extracts used, Azadirachta indica (Neem) was significantly inhibit the mycelial growth of pathogen at all concentrations followed by Datura strumarium (Jimson weed) and Calotropis gigantea (Aak). Of all bio-control agents, highest inhibition of radial growth of test fungus was recorded in Trichoderma harzianum (80.37%) followed by T. viride (71.48%) and T. koningii (77.41 %). However, T. hamatum (27.41%) was least effective in this study.Keywords
Fungicides, Bio-Control Agents, Plant Extracts against, Early Blight of Tomato, Alternaria solani.References
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