Sunil Dwivedi ¹, B. K. Agrawal ², V. K. Sharma ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Biochemistry, Rishiraj College of Dental Science & Research Centre, Bhopal, IN
2 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal, IN
3 Department of Medicine, Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal, IN

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a heterogenous disease characterized by an absolute or relative deficiency of insulin as well as insulin resistance. Numerous authors have evaluated mineral levels and status in diabetic subjects yet often inconsistent and contradictory results have been presented. Some trace elements act as antioxidants and prevent membrane peroxidation. Others act directly on glucose metabolism. Magnesium has an important role as cofactor in the phosphorylation of glucose and in many other enzymatic reactions.

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C. Subhash ¹, K. Bose ¹, B. K. Agrawal ², Anil Baran Choudhury ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Biochemistry, People's College of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bypass Road, Bhanpur, Bhopal - 462 010, IN
2 Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal, M.P., IN

Abstract

The estimated total number of adults with hypertension in 2000 was 972 million (957987 million); 333 million (329-336 million) in economically developed countries and 639 million (625-654 million) in economically developing countries. The number of adults with hypertension in 2025 was predicted to increase by about 60 per cent to a total of 1.56 billion (1.54-1.58 billion). Hypertension has been associated with impaired balance between nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species, with deleterious enhanced oxidative stress being the most important consequence.

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C. Subhash ¹, K. Bose ¹, B. K. Agrawal ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Biochemistry, People's College of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bhanpur, Bhopal - 462 010 (M.P.), IN
2 Department of Biochemistry, Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal, (M.P), IN

Abstract

Diabetes is a major worldwide health problem predisposing to markedly increased cardiovascular mortality and serious morbidity. Due to increasing obesity and altered dietary habits in both western and developing countries, the prevalence of type II diabetes is growing at an exponential rate. In 2004, according to the World Health Organization more than 150 million people worldwide suffer from diabetes. The WHO has predicted that the major burden will occur in developing countries. The countries with the largest number of diabetic people will be, India, China and United States in the year 2025.

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