International Journal of Commerce & Business Management

Anil Singh ¹, C. Murthy ², C. B. Koujalagi ³

Affiliations
1 Allahabad Bank, Bikunthpur, Rewa, M.P., IN
2 Department of Agribusiness Management, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka, IN
3 Department of Agribusiness Economics, College of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

In spite India being highest livestock populated country in the world, the meat production and its retailing is under traditional and primitive envelope and highly unorganized. Two districts, Bhopal and Indore, were purposively selected for the study. All the municipality run slaughter houses in the study area didn't have modern facilities. There was no lairage facility at Indore and Berasia slaughter houses. The water supplied by municipality was on limited time and quantity, hence meat retailer forced to use stored contaminated water for cleaning the meat. The bleaching powder 0.5 kg was used to clean the floor by only Mhow municipality run slaughter house. The slaughter houses waste released in common drainage could lead to several water borne diseases and environmental pollution. Butchers in all municipality slaughter houses were found not properly dressed, cleanliness and used unhygienic equipment. The lack of cold storage facility was the most and biggest problem at slaughter house faced by all meat retailers. There is need for active participation of retailers and the official of slaughter house management in the sanitary improvement at slaughter houses for safe and hygienic meat production. Hence, it is strongly recommended that the animals slaughter permission may only be given with a binding of maintenance of hygiene and modern facilities.

Keywords

Sanitary Management, Slaughter House, Livestock Animals, Cleanliness, Environmental Pollution

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Sarfaraz K. Shaikh ¹, C. Murthy ¹, C. Manjunatha Naik ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Agribusiness Management, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka, IN
2 Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

Turmeric, the golden spice is widely cultivated in different countries such as India, China, Myanmar, Nigeria, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Burma, Indonesia etc. Among these countries India occupies first position in area and also in production. In India, turmeric is grown in 18 states, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and West Bengal are the major turmeric producing states. Turmeric has been used medicinally throughout Asia to treat stomach and liver ailments. It is also used externally, to heal sores, and as a cosmetic. From each taluka 30 farmers were selected (15 traditional farmers and 15 modern farmers) randomly and two traditional processing units and two modern processing units were selected. Farmer's need was to educate them for cultivation of pest and disease resistant varieties of turmeric, further scientific methods of harvesting needs to be adopted in conventional farmers to get high returns. Labour availability particularly at the time of harvest and cost of labour in general were the serious problems to turmeric grower. Conventional farmers of many farm operations including planting rhizome materials and harvesting would save labour substantially in mechanisations.

Keywords

Turmeric Cultivation, Processing Cost, Marketing Cost, Turmeric Cultivation Management

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Shreya V. Amarapurkar ¹, C. Murthy ², B. K. Naik ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Agri-Business Management, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad (Karnataka), IN
2 Department of Agri-Business Management, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad (Karnataka), IN

Abstract

The Indian poultry industry has grown largely due to the initiative of private enterprises. Poultry farming in India is a culmination of many years of innovation. Poultry farming in India has been a huge success in the last decade. Statistics showed a 2 per cent increase per annum in the agricultural production during the last 30 years, while the growth in the poultry sector has been 12 per cent which gives an idea about how well this industry is doing. Per unit cost decreases with increase in the size of farms signifying the economies of scale. The problem of high wage rate was the major problem expressed by the farmer respondents. The losses due to disease occurrence was severe problem as the hatchery will be taking lot of precautions on the mortality of birds in recent years so this was the problem expressed at the last. Thus, in nutshell, the broiler farming is a profitable venture and has a bright future in the study area for improving economic status of the farming community.

Keywords

Cost and Return, Commercial Broiler Rearing, Poultry Farming, Cost and Return.

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Shreya V. Amarapurkar ¹, C. Murthy ², J. A. Mulla ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Agri-Business Management, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad (Karnataka), IN
2 Department of Agri-Business Management, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad (Karnataka), IN
3 Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad (Karnataka), IN

Abstract

Poultry farming in India has been a huge success in the last decade. Statistics showed a 2 per cent increase per annum in the agricultural production during the last 30 years, while the growth in the poultry sector has been 12 per cent which gives an idea about how well this industry is doing. The Indian poultry industry has grown largely due to the initiative of private enterprises. Poultry farming in India is a culmination of many years of innovation. Moreover, today the industry as a whole, with its enabling of low cost model with increased productivity. The procurement cost increases as the net income also increases. There are a total of 15 factors relating to production, marketing, socio-economic characters, contracting terms which were considered and subjected to principal component analysis. In this principal component analysis, six dimensions were extracted and considered for interpretation.

Keywords

Factor Analysis, Procurement, Commercial Broiler.

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Roopa Hosali ¹, C. Murthy ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Agribusiness Management, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad (Karnataka), IN

Abstract

The study was conducted in Haveri district of Karnataka state. Where mulberry area of 947 hectares and cocoon production of 680.511 M tonnes, respectively during 2013-14 was observed. The study was conducted to analyze the cost of mulberry and cocoon production in Haveri district. In Haveri district two talukas were selected namely Haveri and Ranebennur. The cost of mulberry cultivation was found to be Rs. 23278.54 per acre in case of marginal farmers, Rs. 25116.18 per acre in case of small farmer and Rs. 26358.52 per acre in medium farmers. The cost of cocoon production was high for medium farmers Rs. 50046.54 per acre, followed by small farmers Rs.55036.06 per acre and marginal farmers Rs. 59187.20 per acre. Sericulture is a labour intensive enterprise providing employment to both men and women in mulberry cultivation and cocoon production. Where family labour was employed in this enterprise all around the year. Thus, encouraging this enterprise would help to generate additional income and absorb family labour which is under employed during off season.

Keywords

Mulberry, Cocoon, Production, Cost.

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Roopa Hosali ¹, C. Murthy ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Agribusiness Management, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, DHARWAD (KARNATAKA), IN

Abstract

The study was conducted in Haveri district of Karnataka state.Where mulberry area of 947 hectares and cocoon production of 680.511 M tonnes, respectively during 2013-14 was obsered. The study was conducted to Trends in arrivals and prices of cocoons in Shirahatti market at Haveri District. In Haveri district Shirahatti taluka market were selected. The trend was computed in order to ascertain the long run movements of market arrivals of cocoon in the Shirahatti market.The trend in arrivals and prices of multivariate cocoon in Shirahatti market over the year were found to be significant at one per cent probability level with R2 value of 0.42 and 0.58, respectively. In order to ascertain the long term movement of cocoon price in the Shirahatti market the data relating to prices of cocoon were subjected to non linear (exponential) trend equation analysis.

Keywords

Trends, Arrivals, Prices, Cocoons.

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M. S. Kishore ¹, C. Murthy ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Agribusiness Management, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad (Karnataka), IN

Abstract

The growth in area, production and productivity of coconut in Karnataka and its districts was estimated using compounded annual growth rate analysis. The necessary secondary data was collected for a period of fifteen years from 2000-2001 to 2014- 15. Growth rates in area, production and productivity of coconut in Karnataka state were positive and significant at 1 per cent. With respect to the districts of Karnataka, Tumkur, Hassan, Chitradurga and Chikamagalur were the major coconut growing areas. There was found to be a significantly positive growth in ten districts and significantly negative growth rate in six districts at 1 and 5 per cent levels of significance. With respect to production, Tumkur, Hassan, Chitradurga and Mandya were the districts with the highest production. The growth rates in productivity were significantly positive in twenty two districts and significantly negative in two districts at 1 and 5 per cent levels of significance. Chikkaballapura had the highest growth rate in production within a period of eight years, which was significant at 5 per cent. Bangalore rural had the highest negative growth rate which was significant at 1 per cent. The declining trend in coconut area in Mandya should also be addressed. The productivity of coconut was highest in districts of Yadgiri, Ramnagara, Chikkaballapura followed by others. The growth rates in productivity were positive and highly significantly in twenty nine districts and non-significantly negative in only one district viz., Yadgiri. Overall, the coconut scenario in Karnataka has been improving, particularly after 2007, as a result of drastic increase in productivity 2007 onwards which may be attributed to the bumper production in 2006 and NHM initiatives in the subsequent years.

Keywords

Growth Rates, Area, Production, Productivity, Coconut, Karnataka, Tumkur, Hassan, Chikkaballapura, Significant.

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K. N. Asharani ¹, C. Murthy ¹, M. S. Kishore ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Agribusiness Management, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad (Karnataka), IN

Abstract

MSP is a form of market intervention by the Government of India to insure agricultural producers against any sharp fall in farm prices to protect the producer- farmers- against excessive fall in price during bumper production years. The study was conducted during the year 2015-16 using the secondary data pertaining to the MSP for different crops and open market prices for paddy and maize in selected markets of Uttara Kannada and Belagavi districts. Compound growth rate were computed to comprehend the annual growth in MSP of agricultural commodities for the period from 2000-01 to 2015-16. It is revealed that the annual growth rate for MSP for all commodities were found to be positive.The growth rate of MSP for paddy and maize were 8.26 per cent and 8.62 per cent, respectively.The increase in MSP was not equitable to all the crops. Both open market prices and MSP had shown increasing trend but most of the years, open market prices for paddy and maize both were higher than the MSP in all the selected markets of UttaraKannada and Belagavi districtsand the percentage differences were not high. The influence of MSP on market price was not significant in paddy and maize. Hence, there is need to bring some improvement in the price policy to different crops for ensuring highest returns to the farmers to continue their production with the increase in cost of inputs especially the crops like paddy and maize.

Keywords

Minimum Support Price, Paddy, Maize, APMC, Uttara Kannada, Belagavi.

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K. N. Asharani ¹, C. Murthy ¹, M. S. Kishore ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Agribusiness Management, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad (Karnataka), IN

Abstract

MSP is a form of market intervention by the Government of India to insure agricultural producers against any sharp fall in farm prices to protect the producer- farmers- against excessive fall in price during bumper production years. The effectiveness of price policy at the state level involves the availability of market infrastructure at the state level and the initiative taken by the State Governments to create an institutional structure for monitoring agricultural prices. The study was conducted during the year 2015-16 using the secondary data pertaining to the MSP for different crops and open market prices for groundnut in selected market of Gadag district. Compound growth rate were computed to comprehend the annual growth in MSP of agricultural commodities for the period from 2000-01 to 2015-16. It is revealed that the annual growth rate for MSP for all commodities was found to be positive. The growth rate of MSP for groundnut was 9.26 per cent. The increase in MSP was not equitable to all the crops. Both open market prices and MSP shown increasing trend but most of the years, open market prices for groundnut were higher than the MSP in all the selected market of Gadag and the percentage differences were not high. The influence of MSP on market price was not significant in groundnut. Hence, there is need to bring some improvement in the price policy to different crops in ensuring highest returns to the farmers to continue their production with the increase in cost of inputs especially the crop groundnut.

Keywords

Minimum Support Prices, Groundnut, Gadag, Compound Growth Rate.

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Shreya Amarapurkar ¹, C. Murthy ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Agribusiness Management, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad (Karnataka), IN

Abstract

In recent years there has been growing recognition among the development community of the role of poultry. Production is accelerating at the pace of poverty reduction and reaching out to the poorest of the poor. There is also growing evidence to demonstrate the role of poultry marketing in enhancing the food and nutrition security or the poorest households and in the promotion of gender equality. At the same time, the market and production context of poultry production has been changing rapidly over the last the decades. This paper argues that the satisfaction level and problems of poultry farm owners towards production and marketing of poultry products. Based on a review of available evidence, the paper includes that it is production and marketing level to continue to promote poultry to contribute towards poultry farm owners and livelihood support but concerted efforts must be made to find organizational solutions to minimize public health risks and government provide appropriate extension support on issues like disease prevention, predation, improving hatchability, etc. Unfortunately most government extension programmes in the developing countries are not oriented towards addressing the needs of poor advice to poultry farmers.

Keywords

Technical Guidance, Price Fluctuations, Shrinkage Losses Litter Material, Commercial Broiler.

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Sanjay Rathod ¹, C. Murthy ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Agribusiness Management, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad (Karnataka), IN

Abstract

Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L) belongs to the family Fabaceae. Groundnut contains about 26-28 per cent protein and 48- 50 per cent oil. It is grown during all the season, the major cultivated in Kharif season almost in entire India. Multi-stage random sampling technique was employed to select the 120 sample farmers from Vijayapura district. Among the different categories of farmers, the total variable cost incurred by large farmers was highest (Rs. 27868.01/ha) as compared to small (Rs. 25933.15/ha) and medium farmers (Rs. 25259.77/ha). Among the three categories of farmers, the total cost incurred by the large farmers was highest (Rs. 28804.78/ha) as compared to small and medium farmers (Rs. 26616.99/ha and Rs.26076.92/ha), respectively. The highest yield was obtained by large farmers (8.26q/ha) followed by medium farmers (8.14q/ha) and small farmers (7.83q/ha). The benefit cost ratio (BCR) was highest in medium farmers (1.82) than small and large farmers (1.77 and 1.73), respectively. The marketing analysis revealed that in respect of groundnut channel-II has more was producer’s share in consumers rupee was 82.08 per cent than channel-I was consumer rupee 78.11 per cent.

Keywords

Production, Cost and Returns, Price Spread, Channels, Marketing of Groundnut Crop.

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P. M. Shruti ¹, C. Murthy ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Agribusiness Management, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad (Karnataka), IN

Abstract

The present study was conducted in Dharwad district, the major dry chilli producing district of north Karnataka. For the study, 10 organic farmers and 50 inorganic farmers were selected randomly in the study area. The estimated per hectare cost of cultivation of organic and inorganic dry chilli was Rs. 50,342.61 and Rs. 56,337.72, respectively. Average yield of organic chilli was 6.87 tonnes as against 10.75 tonnes in inorganic dry chilli per hectare. The per quintal of dry chilli prices in organic and inorganic were Rs. 19,565 and Rs. 15,150, respectively. The gross returns of inorganic dry chilli were Rs. 1,62,862.50 per hectare as against Rs. 1,34,411.55 for organic dry chilli. The net returns of inorganic dry chilli (Rs. 1,07,524.78) were higher than that of organic dry chilli (Rs. 84,068.94). The B: C ratio for inorganic dry chilli was 1.90 as against 1.85 for organic dry chilli. It was observed that only two marketing channels were using, channel-I was more marketing efficiency compared to channel- II. Most of the farmers were using channel-I.

Keywords

Cost and Returns of Organic, Inorganic Dry Chilli, Price Spread, Channels, Cultivation of Chilli, Marketing Efficiency.

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M. S. Kishore ¹, C. Murthy ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Agribusiness Management, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad (Karnataka), IN

Abstract

The present study was undertaken in Tumkur and Hassan districts of Karnataka during the year 2015-16, with the objective of studying the economics and feasibility of coconut cultivation. Multistage sampling method was used for the study. The sample size was 80 farmers. Tabular analysis and financial feasibility tools like NPV, IRR, B:C ratio and PBP were used for analysis. The results revealed that initial investment on coconut plantation worked out to of Rs. 63,708 per hectare. The total maintenance cost during gestation period was found to be Rs. 4,68,750 and the total cost of establishing one hectare of coconut plantation was Rs. 5,37,266. The total cost of cultivation of coconut during bearing period was Rs. 1,61,827 per hectare. The total cost of cultivation of copra was Rs. 1, 67,580 per hectare. It was observed that the per quintal cost of cultivation of copra worked out to of Rs. 8,480. The net return from copra was the highest at Rs. 22,856 per hectare, followed by the second highest net returns from tender nuts (21,591 per hectare) and lastly returns from mature nuts (905 per hectare). The net present value at the end of the economic life of the project viz., 50 years was found to be Rs. 3,76,861 per hectare at 10 per cent discount factor. The project on coconut cultivation had an internal rate of return of 13.3 per cent over its economic life. It was observed that the payback period of coconut cultivation was 21.8 years. The benefit cost ratio of coconut plantations was found to be 1.18.

Keywords

Coconut, Maintenance Cost, Cost of Cultivation, Feasibility, Copra, Net Present Value, B:C Ratio, Internal Rate of Return, Pay Back Period.

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Srishti Thakur ¹, C. Murthy ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Agribusiness Management, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad (Karnataka), IN

Abstract

The present study was undertaken to investigate the policies which will help in increasing the revenue, constraints faced by the forest officials and intermediaries in the study area. For this purpose three main depots having highest revenue realised after sales from canara circle were selected. Secondary data pertaining to the study were collected from the records maintained by the forest timber depots for the period of 12 years (2005-06 to 2016-17) and primary data were collected to know the constraints faced by the forest officials and intermediaries. Compound growth rate analysis and Garrett’s ranking techniques were employed to analyse the data. The results revealed that positive and significant growth rate for revenue in Dandeli forest timber depot while growth rate for revenue in Kirwatti and Chipgi forest timber depots were negative, whereas the growth rate in expenditure for all the three depots were significant and positive. The further studies showed that wastage of wood was the main constraint for forest officials and lack of knowledge about e-auctioning was the major constraints faced by the intermediaries in buying the timber.

Keywords

Revenue, Expenditure, Compound Growth Rate, Constraint for Forest Officials, Intermediaries.

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