Refine your search
Collections
Co-Authors
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Dogra, Ritu
- Effect of Radius of Curvature and Spading Frequency of Spading Machine on Physical Properties of Soil
Abstract Views :211 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 School of Renewable Energy Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (Punjab), IN
2 Department of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (Punjab), IN
1 School of Renewable Energy Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (Punjab), IN
2 Department of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (Punjab), IN
Source
International Journal of Agricultural Engineering, Vol 10, No 1 (2017), Pagination: 60-66Abstract
The effect of radius of curvature and spading frequency on various dependent variables, i.e. weighted mean clod size, soil bulk density, cone index and cone index ratio were studied. The experiments were conducted in soil having 15.7 per cent clay, 53.6 per cent silt, and 30.7 per cent sand. During experimentation, moisture content of soil was maintained between 13 and 14 per cent. The radius of curvature used were C1 (Flat), C2 (15 cm) and C3 (30 cm). Four levels of bite lengths viz., 4, 6, 8 and 10 cm at travel speed of 18.47 cm/sec were selected for the study. These corresponded to four levels of spading frequencies namely F1 (1.85 cycles/s), F2 (2.31 cycles/s), F3 (3.08 cycles/s) and F4 (4.62 cycles/s). The spading frequency was determined by dividing the travel speed by the bite length. The dependent variables decreased with increase in radius of curvature and spading frequency. Weighted mean clod size, soil bulk density and soil cone index decreased with increase in spading frequency and radius of curvature. However, it increased with increase with blade width.Keywords
Spading Machine, Tillage, Radius of Curvature, Spading Frequency, Pulverization, Bulk Density, Cone Index.
References
- Bishnoi, R. (2008). Development and evaluation of blades for spading machine. Ph.D. Thesis, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, PUNJAB (INDIA).
- Bishnoi, R., Ahuja, S.S., Dogra, B. and Virk, M.S. (2014a). Effect of blade width and spading frequency of spading machine on specific soil resistance and pulverisation. Agric. Mechanization Asia, Africa & Latin America (AMA), 45(3):12-17.
- Bishnoi, R., Ahuja, S.S., Dogra, B. and Virk, M.S. (2014b). Effect of blade width and spade angle of spading machine on specific soil resistance and pulverisation. Abstract Agric. Mechanization Asia, Africa & Latin America (AMA), 45(2).
- Gill, W.R. (1969). Soil deformation by simple tools. Trans. ASAE, 12(2):234-239.
- RNAM (1983). Part 2- Test code and procedure for rotary tillers. Regional Network for Agricultural Machinery, ESCAP, UNDP, Philippines.
- Sambhi, V.S. (2006). Computer based development and evaluation of articulated tillage machine. Ph.D. Thesis, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, PUNJAB (INDIA).
- Singh, G. and Singh, D. (1986). Optimal energy model for tillage. Soil & Tillage Res., 6(3):235-245.
- Winkelblech, C.S. (1961). Soil aggregate separation characteristics of secondary tillage tools. M.S. Thesis, Ohio State Univ., Illus.
- White, E.A. (1918). A study of the plow bottom and its action upon the furrow slice. J. Agric. Res., 12 : 149-182. Illus.
- Manfred, P. (2002). Planting Spuds - what is a spader. www.mail-archive.com/bdnow@envirolink.org/msg01748.html.
- Energy Production from Biomass
Abstract Views :163 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (Punjab), IN
2 School of Renewable Energy Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (Punjab), IN
1 Department of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (Punjab), IN
2 School of Renewable Energy Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (Punjab), IN
Source
International Journal of Agricultural Engineering, Vol 10, No 2 (2017), Pagination: 655-663Abstract
The most common form of biomass used as renewable energy and it is widely used. Recently more attention has been focused on identifying suitable biomass species, which can provide high-energy outputs, to replace conventional fossil fuel energy sources. The type of biomass required is largely determined by the energy conversion process and the form in which the energy is required. To provide energy the use of biomass has been mainly to the development of civilization. Recently pressures on the global environment have led to calls for an increased use of renewable energy sources. Biomass is one major potential source of renewable energy and the conversion of plant material into a suitable form of energy, usually electricity or as a fuel for an internal combustion engine, can be achieved using a number of different routes, each with specific pros and cons. A brief review of the main conversion processes is presented, with specific regard to the production of the fuel.Keywords
Biomass, Energy Conversion, Process, Technology.References
- Amon, T., Amon, B., Kryvoruchko, V., Zollitsch, W., Mayer, K. and Gruber, L. (2007). Biogas production from maize and dairy cattle manure- influence of biomass composition on the methane yield. Agric., Ecosys. & Environ., 118(1): 173-182.
- Bassilakis, R., Carangelo, R.M. and Wojtowicz, M.A. (2001). TG–FTIR analysis of biomass pyrolysis. Fuel, 80(17):65–86.
- Bhargava, N., Singh, B. and Gupta, S. (2009). Consumption of electricity in Punjab: Structure and growth. Energy Policy, 37(6):2385–2394.
- Bhat, P.R., Chanakya H.N. and Ravindranath, N.H. (2001). Biogas plant dissemination:success story of Sirsi, India. Energy Sustainable Dev., 5(1): 39-41.
- Bridgewater, A.V.(1991). Principles and practice of biomass fast pyrolysis processes for liquids. J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 51 : 3–22.
- De Baere, L. and Mattheeuws, B. (2008). State-of-the-art 2008—anaerobic digestion of solid waste.Waste Mgmt. World, 9 : 1–8.
- Demirbas, A. (2001). Biomass resource facilities and biomass conversion processing for fuels and chemicals. Energy Convers Manage, 42 : 1357–1378.
- Garcia, A.N., Font, R. and Marcilla, A. (1995). Gas production by pyrolysis of municipal solid-waste at high temperature in a fluidised bed reactor. Energy Fuels, 9 : 648–658.
- Gemmeke, B., Rieger, C. and Weiland, P. (2009). Biogas-Messprogramm II, 61 BiogasanlagenimVergleich. FNR, Gülzow.
- Hasler (1997). Report on evaluation of gas cleaning technologies for small scale biomass gasifiers. Zurich: Swiss Federal Office of Energy and Swiss Federal Office for Education and Science.
- Hermann, H. (2002). Biomass CHP plant gussing- A success story. In: Proceedings of an expert meeting, Strasbourg: pp. 21–30.
- Hiloidhari, M., Dhiman, D. and Baruah, D.C. (2014). Bioenergy potential from crop residue biomass in India. Renew. & Sustain. Energy Rev., 32: 504-512.
- Johansson, L.S., Tullin, C., Leckner, B. and Sjövall, P. (2003). Particle emissions from biomass combustion in small combustors. Biomass & Bioenergy, 25(4): 435-446.
- Khan, A.A., Jong, W.D., Jansens, P.J. and Spliethoff, H. (2009). Biomass combustion in fluidized bed boilers: potential problems and remedies. Fuel Processing Technol., 90(1): 21-50.
- Matthew, H., Ashley, O., Brian, K., Alisa, E., and Benjamin, J. S. (2005). Wine making 101. Available at http://www.arches.uga.edu/<“matthaas/strains.htm
- Peter, McKendry (2002a). Energy production from biomass (part 1): overviewof biomass. Bio Resour. Technol., 83(1): 37-46.
- Peter, McKendry (2002b). Energy production from biomass (part 2): conversion technologies. Bio Resou. Technol., 83(1): 47-54.
- Rathore, N.S., Mathur, A.N. and Kothari, S. (2007).Alternate source of energy. Indian council of agricultural research. New Delhi. pp. 1-264.
- Ravindranath, N.H. and Balachandra, R. (2009). Sustainable bioenergy for India: technical, economic and policy analysis. Energy, 34 (8):1003–1013.
- Saxena, R.C., Adhikari, D.K. and Goyal, H.B. (2009). Biomass-based energy fuel through biochemical routes: a review. Renew. & Sustain. Energy Rev.,13(1): 1-12.
- Schon, M. (1994). Verfahrenzur Vergarungorganischer Ruckstande in der Abfallwirtschaft. Erich Schmidt Verlag, Berlin.
- Shukla, P.R. (2000). Biomass energy in India: policies and prospects. In workshop on biomass energy: Key issues and priority needs. International Energy Agency, Paris: 20.
- Sprenger, G.A. (1996). Carbohydrate metabolism in Zymomonasmobilis: a catabolic highway with some scenic routes. FEMS Microbiol Lett., 145 : 301–307.
- Sriram, N. and Mohammad, S. (2005). Renewable biomass energy. In Power Engineering Society General Meeting, IEEE. pp. 612-617.
- Tambunan, A.H., Situmorang, J.P., Silip, J.J., Joelianingsih, A. and Araki, T. (2012).Yield and physicochemical properties of mechanically extracted crude Jatropha curcas L oil. Biomass & Bioenergy, 43 : 12-17.
- Thomas, N. (2003). Combustion and co-combustion of biomass: fundamentals, technologies, and primary measures for emission reduction. Energy & Fuels, 17(6): 1510-1521.
- Trivedi, A., Verma, A.R., Kaur, S., Jha, B., Vijay, V., Chandra, R., Vijay, V. K., Subbarao, P.M.V., Tiwari, R., Hariprasad, P. and Prasad, R. (2017). Sustainable bio-energy production models for eradicating open field burning of paddy straw in Punjab, India. Energy, 127 : 310-317.
- Veringa, H.J. (2009). Advanced techniques for generation of energy from biomass and waste.ECN Biomass,1-24.
- Vijay, V. K., Chandra, R., Vijay, V., Jha, B. and Trivedi, A. (2016). Biogas: A clean energy alternative. Kurukshetra, 64(7):42–44.
- Volesky, B. (1994).Advances in biosorption of metals: selection of biomass types. FEMS Microbiol. Rev., 14(4) : 291-302.
- Warren, T. J., Poulter, R. and Parfitt, R.(1995). Converting biomass to electricity on a farm-sized scale using downdraft gasification and a spark-ignition engine. Bio resou. Technol., 52 : 95–98.
- Weiland, P., Verstraete, W. and van Haandel, A. (2009). Biomass digestion to methane in agriculture: A successful pathway for the energy production and waste treatment worldwide. J. Biofuels, 171–195.
- Woods, J. and Hall, D.O. (1994). Bioenergy for development: technical and environmental dimensions, FAO Environment and Energy Paper, 13.
- World Energy Council (WEC) (1994). Report on New Renewable Energy Resources Kogan Page Limited.
- Wright, M.M., Daren, E., DaugaardJustinus, A.S. and Robert, C.B. (2010). Techno-economic analysis of biomass fast pyrolysis to transportation fuels. Fuels, 89 : 2-10.
- www.seco.cpa.state.tx.us
- www.ecn.nl
- www.physics.oregonstate.edu
- Energy Requirement for the Sowing of Wheat After the In-situ Management of Paddy Residues
Abstract Views :454 |
PDF Views:0
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (Punjab), IN
2 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bahowal, Hoshiarpur (Punjab), IN
1 Department of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (Punjab), IN
2 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bahowal, Hoshiarpur (Punjab), IN
Source
International Journal of Agricultural Engineering, Vol 13, No 1 (2020), Pagination: 10-18Abstract
The present study assessed the energy requirement for the harvesting of paddy with combine harvesting with/without Super Straw Management System and wheat sowing with different farm machinery having straw retention and straw incorporated in the fields. The straw retention treatments i.e. T1and T2 whereas straw incorporation treatments i.e. T3 and T4 were taken in the study. The total energy consumption was maximum for treatment T4 (5529.92 MJ/ha), followed by treatment T3 (5487.47 MJ/ha), followed by treatment T2 (3485.15 MJ/ha) and treatment T1 (2539.40 MJ/ha). The least human energy consumption (22.01 MJ/ha), diesel energy (551.95 MJ/ha) and tractor and machinery energy (551.95 MJ/ha) was observed for treatment T1, while the maximum human energy, diesel energy, and tractor and machinery energy was observed in treatment T4 (52.17 MJ/ha), T3 (3442.63 and T4 (644.89 MJ/ha). The electrical energy (1401.78 MJ/ha) and submersible pump energy (13.68 MJ/ha) was observed in treatment T3 and T4, respectively. The residue retention practice of wheat sowing with Happy Seeder after paddy harvesting with combine harvester having Super Straw Management System is the efficient energy input to manage the paddy residue.Keywords
Energy, Straw Management, Wheat Sowing, Straw Retention, IncorporationReferences
- Anonymous (2018a). Package of practices for crops of Punjab, Kharif 2018, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, pp 1.
- Anonymous (2018b). Package of practices for crops of Punjab, Rabi 2018, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, pp 1.
- Garg, I.K. and Singh, S. (2004). Development and testing of Flail type chopper-cum-spreader for rice straw, Biannual Report of AICRP on FIM Deptt. Of FPM, PAU, Ludhiana: 14-15.
- Gill, M.S. (2012). Growth, challenges, and new initiatives. Souvenir of 7th National Conference on Krishi Vigyan Kendras-2012, Integrating Technologies and best practice. Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana: 19-21.
- Graham, J. P., Ellis, F. B., Cristian, D.G. and Cannel, R.Q. (1986). Effects of straw residues on the establishment, growth, and yield of autumn-sown cereals J. Agric. Engg. Res., 33 (1): 39-49.
- Kumar, P., Kumar, S. and Joshi, L. (2014). Alternative uses of crop stubble. Socioeconomic & Environmental Implications of Agricultural Residue Burning: 69-89.
- Sidhu, H.S., Blackwell, J., Bector, V., Shukla, L.N. and Singh, M. (2005). Development of combo happy seeder for direct drilling in a combine harvested paddy field. Proc, 39th Annual convention of ISAE held at ANGRAU, Hyderabad, India.
- Sidhu, H. S., Singh, M., Humphreys, E., Singh, Y. and Sidhu, S.S. (2007). The Happy Seeder enables direct drilling of wheat in rice stubble. Australia J. Exp. Agric., 47(7): 844-854.
- Singh, Y. (2012). Managing crop residues for sustainable agriculture in Punjab. J. Res. Punjab Agric. Univ., 49(3): 171-179.
- Singh, S. and Mittal, J.P. (1992). Energy in production agriculture, 1st ed. New Delhi: Mittal Publications. p. 166, [ISBN: 8170994071].
- Timsina, J. and Connor, D.J. (2001). Productivity and management of rice-wheat cropping systems; issues and challenges. Field Crops Res., 69 : 93-132.
- Verma, A., Singh, M. and Sidhu, H.S. (2009). Performance of combine mounted straw managing system during rice crop harvesting. J. Res. P.A.U., 46(1-2): 72-78.