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Balakrishnan, P.
- Moisture Dynamics and Water Use Efficiency as Influenced by Different Methods and Levels of Irrigation for Vegetable Crop under Salt-affected Soils
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Soil and Water Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering, Raichur karnataka, IN
2 College of Agricultural Engineering, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur karnataka, IN
3 Department of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute, (T.N.A.U.) Coimbatore T.N., IN
4 Department of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute, (T.N.A.U.) Coimbatore T.N.
1 Department of Soil and Water Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering, Raichur karnataka, IN
2 College of Agricultural Engineering, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur karnataka, IN
3 Department of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute, (T.N.A.U.) Coimbatore T.N., IN
4 Department of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute, (T.N.A.U.) Coimbatore T.N.
Source
International Journal of Agricultural Engineering, Vol 6, No 1 (2013), Pagination: 82–92Abstract
The study was conducted at the Agricultural Research Station, Gangavati, University of Agricultural Sciences, Gangavathi in northern Karnataka, India during Rabi/summer, 2007-08 and 2008-09 with beetischolar_main (Beta vulgaris) as the test crop. Under the drip irrigation, the soil moisture content was the highest and maintained almost steadily near the field capacity throughout the cropping period at all distances away from the dripper. The maximum moisture content near the dripper was reduced to the extent of 15 and 19 per cent at a distance of 60 cm away horizontally and vertically downwards, respectively, from the dripper during 2007-08 in case of drip irrigation at 0.6 ET in salinity level-I, against16 and 20 per cent during 2008-09. The soil moisture content at particular distance from the point of application increased with increase in depth of applied water and it decreased with distance from the point of application (R2= 0.83 to 0.92). The maximum water use efficiency of 6.74 and 6.23 kg m-3 was achieved in drip irrigation at 0.6 ET under salinity level-I and the lowest water use efficiency of 2.78 and 2.40 kg m-3 was recorded in drip irrigation at 1.4 ETin salinity level-III during 2007-08 and 2008-09, respectively. Among the surface irrigation levels, the highest water use efficiency of 4.25 kg m-3 at 1.0 ET and 3.32 kg m-3 in 0.8 ET was recorded in salinity level-I during 2007-08 and 2008-09, respectively.Keywords
Drip, Surface Irrigation, Irrigation, Vegetable, Beetischolar_main, Soil Salinity, Moisture Distribution, Water Use Efficiency
- Evaluation of Local Head Losses in Drip Irrigation Laterals of Inline Emitters
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Soil and Water Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur karnataka, IN
2 College of Agricultural Engineering, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur karnataka, IN
3 Department of Farm Machinery and Power Engineer ing, College of Agr icultural Engineer ing, Universi ty of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur karnataka, IN
4 Department of Soil and Water Conservation Engineer ing, University of Agricul tural Sciences, Raichur karnataka, IN
1 Department of Soil and Water Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur karnataka, IN
2 College of Agricultural Engineering, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur karnataka, IN
3 Department of Farm Machinery and Power Engineer ing, College of Agr icultural Engineer ing, Universi ty of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur karnataka, IN
4 Department of Soil and Water Conservation Engineer ing, University of Agricul tural Sciences, Raichur karnataka, IN
Source
International Journal of Agricultural Engineering, Vol 6, No 1 (2013), Pagination: 105–110Abstract
The study was conducted to evaluate the local head losses in drip irrigation laterals of inline emitters at M/s. Jain Irrigation Systems Private Limited by using the Hazen-Williams and Darcy-Weisbach equations. The emitters selected were Turbo Aqura at 4 L h-1 emitter discharge with the lateral diameters of 12, 16 and 20 mm at 20, 40 and 60 cm dripper spacing, respectively under the operating pressure heads of 10, 8 and 6 m. The pressure head-distance relationships and local losses were evaluated for all the lateral types at three operating pressure heads of 10, 8 and 6 m. Flow discharges, pressure heads at various points on the laterals and the temperature of the water were measured during the study to determine their effect on the flow hydraulics in the drip laterals. The estimated local losses were in the range from 3.33 per cent (0.001 m) to 12.84 per cent (0.409 m) of the total head loss in the drip laterals at 10 m operating pressure head. Similarly, for the 8 and 6 m operating pressure head the local losses were in the range from 4.00 per cent (0.001 m) to 12.79 per cent (0.330 m) and 5.26 per cent (0.001 m) to 13.89 per cent (0.275 m) of the total head loss, respectively.Keywords
Drip Irrigation, Discharge Measurement, Frictional Head Loss, Local Head Loss- Irrigation Management Strategies for Cultivation of Beetischolar_main (beta Vulgaris) under Saline Vertisols
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Soil and Water Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur karnataka, IN
2 College of Agricultural Engineering, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur karnataka, IN
3 Department of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute, (T.N.A.U.) Coimbatore T.N., IN
1 Department of Soil and Water Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur karnataka, IN
2 College of Agricultural Engineering, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur karnataka, IN
3 Department of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute, (T.N.A.U.) Coimbatore T.N., IN
Source
International Journal of Agricultural Engineering, Vol 6, No 1 (2013), Pagination: 201–207Abstract
The experiments were conducted with beetischolar_main (Beta vulgaris) as test crop in saline vertisols of Tungabhadra Project command area in Northern Karnataka, India during 2007-'08 and 2008-'09 in strip plot design with three soil salinity levels (Electrical conductivity, EC - 1.3, 2.7 and 4.3 dS m-1) in main plots and five drip irrigation levels (Evapotranspiration , ET- 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2 and 1.4 ) with three surface irrigation levels (0.8, 1.0 and 1.2 ET) in sub-plots adopting three replications. There was significant difference in tuber yield owing to different irrigation regimes by various levels of drip and surface irrigation methods. The highest tuber yield of 19.43 t ha-1 was recorded by drip irrigation at 1.2 ET followed by drip irrigation at 1.4 ET (18.28 t ha-1) as against the lowest tuber yield of 9.98 t ha-1 in surface irrigation scheduled at 0.8 ET during 2007-'08. Similarly, the highest tuber yield of 18.91 t ha-1 in drip irrigation at 1.2 ET and the least yield of 9.6 t ha-1 in the surface irrigation scheduled at 0.8 ET were registered during 2008-'09. The different levels of salinity had marked influence on tuber yield during both the years. Significantly the highest tuber yield of 18.23 t ha-1 and the lowest tuber yield of 11.0 t ha-1 were recorded, respectively in salinity levels- I and III during 2007-'08. Similarly, during 2008-'09 significantly the maximum tuber yield of 17.89 t ha-1 in salinity level-I and the least of 10.5 t ha-1 in salinity level-III were observed.Keywords
Irrigation, Drip, Surface Irrigation, Irrigation Levels, Salinity, Saline Soil, Beetischolar_main, Vegat- Action Plan for Efficient Land and Water Use in a Mini-watershed near Mysore Using Remote Sensing and GIS
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and Environment (ATREE), Srirampura, Bengaluru karnataka, IN
2 Department of Soil and Water Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering, University of Agricultural Science, Raichur Karnataka, IN
3 Bangalore ONE, Bengaluru Karnataka, IN
4 College of Agricultural Engineering, University of Agricultural Sciences,Raichur Karnataka, IN
1 Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and Environment (ATREE), Srirampura, Bengaluru karnataka, IN
2 Department of Soil and Water Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering, University of Agricultural Science, Raichur Karnataka, IN
3 Bangalore ONE, Bengaluru Karnataka, IN
4 College of Agricultural Engineering, University of Agricultural Sciences,Raichur Karnataka, IN
Source
International Journal of Agricultural Engineering, Vol 6, No 2 (2013), Pagination: 514–518Abstract
Developmental planning using integrated approach has been accepted world over for optimal management and better utilisation of natural resources towards improving living conditions of the people and to meet the growing demands of increasing population. Timely inflow information (both the spatial and nonspatial) and its reliability is a pre-requisite for integrated developmental planning. Satellite remote sensing is an ideal tool for generating such spatial information base. In the present paper, preparation of thematic maps like land use/land cover, hydrogeomorphology, slope, base map, soil map and stream network map using the Quick Bird satellite imagery and toposheet from the Survey of India for the Ballahalli mini-watershed near Mysore, Karnataka to generate land and water action plan for optimal land and water use by integrating all the thematic maps and collateral data are presented and discussed.Keywords
Watershed, Thematic Maps, Land And Water Resource Action Plan, Remote Sensing And GIS- Nutrient Dynamics as Influenced by Different Levels of Drip and Surface Irrigation Methods in the Rhizosphere of Beetischolar_main Crop under Saline Vertisols
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Agriculture, Hanumanamatti, Haveri (Karnataka), IN
2 Department of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute (T.N.A.U.), Coimbatore (T.N.), IN
3 College of Agricultural Engineering, Raichur (Karnataka), IN
4 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Chitradurga (Karnataka), IN
1 Department of Agricultural Engineering, College of Agriculture, Hanumanamatti, Haveri (Karnataka), IN
2 Department of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute (T.N.A.U.), Coimbatore (T.N.), IN
3 College of Agricultural Engineering, Raichur (Karnataka), IN
4 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Chitradurga (Karnataka), IN
Source
International Journal of Agricultural Engineering, Vol 7, No 2 (2014), Pagination: 299-306Abstract
A study was conducted at the Agricultural Research Station, Gangavati, in northern Karnataka, India during Rabi/summer, 2007-'08 and 2008-'09 with beetischolar_main (Beta vulgaris) as the test crop in saline vertisol. During both the year and irrespective of the soil salinity levels slightly higher nitrogen was observed at 15 cm away from the dripper point compared to either at the dripper point or distances beyond 15 cm from the dripper point. The magnitude of available nutrients decreased vertically with increase in soil depth. The drip irrigation scheduled at 1.2 ET resulted in the maximum tuber yields of 19.43 and 18.91 t ha-1 during 2007-'08 and 2008-'09, respectively. Among the salinity levels, the highest tuber yield of 18.23 and 17.89 t ha-1 were recorded in salinity level-I, respectively. Whereas among the surface irrigation levels, irrigation at 1.2 ET recorded the highest tuber yields of 12.2 and 11.84 t ha-1, respectively.Keywords
Drip, Surface Irrigation, Vegetable, Beetischolar_main, Soil Salinity, Potassium Distribution.References
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- Performance Evaluation of Subsurface Drainage System in Upper Krishna Command
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Soil and Water Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering, Raichur (Karnataka), IN
1 Department of Soil and Water Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering, Raichur (Karnataka), IN
Source
International Journal of Agricultural Engineering, Vol 10, No 1 (2017), Pagination: 202-207Abstract
The study was conducted in an area of 10.65 ha at Agricultural Research Station, Malnoor under UKP command during 2014. The drain discharge was observed with an weighted average discharge of mains was 0.50 mm d-1 and 0.44 mm d-1 in the laterals this magnitude could be categorized as low drain discharge and attributed to lower rate of hydraulic conductivity (0.067 m d-1) and sodic nature of the soil. The ionic composition of leachate was dominated by sodium, while the anionic concentration of leachate was dominated by chlorides and bicarbonates. The pH ranged from 7.10 to 9.10 in the outlets and 6.20 to 8.50 in the laterals and salinity of leachate with mean EC of 9.68 dS m-1 in collector mains and 9.44 dS m-1 in laterals implied that it was 9 to 14 times higher than the canal water (0.70 to 1.10 dS m-1) and not good for irrigation. Groundwater reaction was neutral with a mean pH of 7.64, while the mean salinity of groundwater was very high with the EC of 9.47 dS m-1 as compared to canal water. The total amount of salt removes was observed to be 3.22 and 5.20 t during the study period, This outgoing salt load over a period of time depending of cropping and irrigation practices would help in reducing the soil salinity and thereby facilitate restoration of soil production capabilities.Keywords
Drain Discharge, EC, pH, Carbonate, Bicarbonates.References
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