The Indian Practitioner

Deepak Selokar ¹, Sourya Acharya ², Anubha Bang ¹, Amit Gupta ¹, S. N. Mahajan ¹

Affiliations
1 Dept. of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha, Maharashtra, IN
2 Dept. of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha, Maharashtra-442004, IN

Abstract

Context: Chronic renal failure (CRF) is a debilitating condition responsible for high financial burden on government and society. The vast majority of patients starting haemodialysis die or stop treatment not only because of cost constraints but also proper care is not available to all patients.

Aims and objectives: To determine the cost of pharmaceutical treatment during haemodialysis and to find out the ratio of cost incurred by hospital versus cost incurred by patient.

Settings and Design: A hospital based longitudinal study was conducted for one year.

Methods and Material: The patients who visited out patient clinic of Department of Medicine having CRF undergoing haemodialysis were included as participants. Data was collected by interview schedule using the pre designed questionnaire.

Statistical analysis used: Data was analysed and tabulated using frequency distribution tables, proportions and ratio. Mean and Standard Deviation were calculated.

Results: The mean age was 45.2 years, 75.8% were males and the comorbidity were: Hypertension 67.7% and diabetes 19.3%. The per patient per year expenditure for haemodialysis incurred by patients were Rs.213824 while by hospital was Rs.15272. The erythropoietin cost was 43.1% of the total cost incurred by patient. The ratio of expenditure incurred by private hospital to the patients was 6.7% : 93.3%.

Conclusion: The high pharmaceutical cost for treatment of CKD and less hospital's share in expenditure emphasise a need of the better health insurance scheme in rural setting.

Keywords

Chronic Renal Failure (CRF), Chronic Kidney Diseases (CKD), Haemodialysis, Cost Analysis.

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Sourya Acharya ¹, Amit Gupta ², Dinesh Singh ², S. N. Mahajan ²

Affiliations
1 Dept. of Medicine, JNMC, DMIMS Univ. Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha, Maharashtra-442004, IN
2 Dept. of Medicine, JNMC, DMIMS Univ. Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha, Maharashtra, IN

Abstract

Aspiration of tracheobronchial foreign bodies (FB) occurs more commonly in children, but under certain circumstances, it also can occur in adults. Common symptoms can be fever, a protracted cough with expectoration, dyspnoea, haemoptysis. Complications of FB aspiration are, recurrent pneumonia, lung abscess and bronchiectasis. The longer a foreign body resides in the airway, the more likely it is to migrate distally. When this occurs, symptoms of chronic cough and wheezing may mimic an asthma like condition. We present a case of a 70 year old man with foreign body bronchiectasis with recurrent lower respiratory infections.

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