The Indian Practitioner

Shrivastava Roshani ¹, Indurkar Pallavi ², Singh Prabhakar ³, Singh Amita ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Anatomy, IIMS & R, Hospital, Integral University, Lucknow (UP), IN
2 Department of ENT, S.S. Medical College, Rewa, (MP) – 486001, IN
3 Department of Pharmacology, S.S. Medical College, Rewa, (MP) – 486001, IN
4 Department of Physiology, S.S. Medical College, Rewa, (MP) – 486001, IN

Abstract

Dermatoglyphics is the study of epidermal ridges and their configurations. The appearance of it in individuals is genetically determined; as the diabetes mellitus also has a genetic background; one can assume that there might be certain dermatoglyphic findings specific to diabetic patients.

Aims & objectives: The aim of the study is to determine the dermatoglyphic patterns and their co-relation in Type 2 diabetes mellitus in North Indian population.

Material & Methods: This study was conducted in the department of Anatomy, IIMS &R, Hospital, Lucknow. The 100 diabetic subjects were enrolled as test group and 150 non-diabetic healthy subjects were enrolled as a control group from a healthy population. To record the fingertip patterns, Modified Purvis-Smith ink method was applied.

Results: In both diabetic males and females WHORLS are most common (p≤0.000, Extremely Significant) in both right (52.07% males; 53.19% females) and left (51.32% males; 51.48% females) hands. However in non-diabetic both males and females; LOOPS are most common (Extremely Significant, p ≤0.000) in both right (61.19% males; 66.67% females) and left hand. (56.90% males; 66.06% females)

Conclusion: In our study, the whorls are a most common pattern in both right and left hands of both male and female diabetic subjects and loops are most common pattern in both right and left hands, in both males and females in non-diabetic subjects.

Keywords

Dermatoglyphics, Diabetes Mellitus, Fingertip, Adults

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Singh Amita ¹, Singh Arpita ², Dubey Vandana ³

Affiliations
1 Associate Professor, Physiology, SS. Medical College, Rewa, Madhya Pradesh, IN
2 Ayush Medical Officer, PHC, Devtalab, Rewa, Madhya Pradesh, IN
3 Sr. Biochemist, Pharmacology, SS. Medical College, Rewa, Madhya Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Aims & Objective: The aim of the study is to determine the patterns of menstruation and awareness about menstrual hygiene and other aspects of menstruationin rural areas. Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, total 171 participants were enrolled; the desired information was collected by personal interview through a self designed questionnaire. Statistically data was analyzed using Microsoft Office Excel and expressed in form of numbers and percentages. Results: Age of menarche in majority of participants 79 (46.19%) between 12-13 years; menstrual cycles were irregular in 42 (24.56%) subjects. 117 (68.42%) females reported 3-5 days blood flow during menstruation, 24 (14.03%) less than 3 days and 30 (17.54%) had ≥ 5 days of menstruation. 12 (7.01%) girls reported scanty blood loss, 135 (78.94%) medium blood flow and 24 (14.03%) heavy blood flow, length of cycle was shorter than <21 days in 36 (21.05%), between 21-35 days in 123 (71.93%) and longer than 35 days in 12 (7.01%). PMS were present in 113 (66.08%) and dysmenorrheain 102 (59.64%) females. 18 (10.52%) had poor personal hygiene; 36 (21.05%) participants used sanitary pads,104 (60.81%) had history of social withdrawal during menstruation.100% participants were restricted to inter in the temple and prayers the god, 99 (57.89%) avoided to touch the pickles. Conclusions: A significant number of participants had irregular menstrual cycles, abnormal duration of blood flow and abnormal amount of blood loss during menstruation. PMS and dysmenorrheal were most common menstrual disorder.They need improvements in terms of knowledge and awareness about menstrual hygiene and other aspects of menstruation.

Keywords

Menstrual patterns, Menstrual Hygiene, Premenstrual symptoms (PMS), Dysmenorrhea

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