A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Vyas, Heta G.
- An Observational Study to Determine the Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Pregnancy Induced Hypertension in a Semi-Urban Town of India
Authors
1 Uka Tarsadia University, Tarsadi, Gujarat, IN
2 Delhi Pharmaceutical Science and Research University, Delhi, IN
3 Mamta Hospital and Maternity Home, Bardoli, Gujarat, IN
4 Department of Pharmacology, Maliba Pharmacy College, Tarsadi, Gujarat, IN
5 Maliba Pharmacy College, Tarsadi, Gujarat, IN
Source
The Indian Practitioner, Vol 70, No 12 (2017), Pagination: 16-20Abstract
Background: Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) complicates about 10% of pregnancies and is a key factor responsible for maternal as well as perinatal morbidity-mortality. We tried to understand risk factors and epidemiology of PIH in a semi-urban population of India.
Objective: To study and evaluate the socio demographic and clinical epidemiologic factors in pregnancy induced hypertension.
Methodology: This observational prospective study was conducted at Mamta Hospital and Maternity Home, Bardoli, Gujarat, India on 1536 pregnant women over a period of one year. Pregnant women fulfilling criteria were included in the study. From pregnant women case records age, parity, socio-economic status, gestational age, obstetric histories data were studied.
Results: Total 121 numbers of women were diagnosed with pregnancy induced hypertension. Out of that 53.72% were in the young age group and 67.77% were primigravida. Hypertensive pregnant women having twin gestation are more prone to development of PIH (OR=12.55). Pregnant women who had undergone treatment of infertility (OR=2.11) and who had history of missed abortion (OR=5.54) are more prone to develop hypertension. These are novel factors associated with PIH.
Conclusion: The study showed the prevalence of PIH in semi-urban area to be 7.8%. The study revealed that incidence of PIH is more common in women with primigravida, multiple gestation, history of missed abortion and history of treatment for infertility in a semi-urban area of India. On the other hand, we did not find age and socio economic status as risk factors. A systematic evaluation of underlying risk factors may help in understanding pathology behind PIH and its early detection.
Keywords
PIH-Pregnancy Induced Hypertension, Eclampsia, India, Bardoli, Epidemiology, Risk Factors.
References
- Geographic variation in the incidence of hypertension in pregnancy. World Health Organization International Collaborative Study of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1988;158(1):80–3.
- Myers JE, Baker PN. Hypertensive diseases and eclampsia. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2002;14(2):119–25.
- AbouZahr C, Wardlaw T. Maternal mortality at the end of a decade: signs of progress? [Internet]. who.int/bulletin/ archives/79(6)561. [cited 2017 May 23];Available from:http://www.who.int/bulletin/archives/79(6)561.pdf
- Yeo S, Wells PJ, Kieffer EC, Nolan GH. Preeclampsia among Hispanic women in a Detroit health system. Ethn Dis 2007;17(1):118–21.
- Roberts CL, Ford JB, Algert CS, Antonsen S, Chalmers J, Cnattingius S, et al. Population-based trends in pregnancy hypertension and pre-eclampsia: an international comparative study. BMJ Open 2011;1(1):e000101.
- Report of the National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on High Blood Pressure in Pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2000;183(1):S1–22.
- Zhang J. Partner change, birth interval and risk of pre-eclampsia: a paradoxical triangle. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2007;21 Suppl 1:31–5.
- Saxena S, Shrivastava PC, Thimmaraju KV. Sociodemographic Profile of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension in a Tertiary Care Centre. Sch. J. App. Med. Sci., 2014;2(6D):3081-3086. [Internet]. [cited 2017 May 23];Available from: http://saspublisher.com/wp-content/ uploads/2014/11/SJAMS-26D3081-3086.pdf
- Granger JP, Alexander BT, Llinas MT, Bennett WA, Khalil RA. Pathophysiology of Hypertension During Preeclampsia Linking Placental Ischemia With Endothelial Dysfunction. Hypertension 2001;38(3):718– 22.
- Dean A, Sulivan K, Soe M. OpenEpi: Open Source Epidemiologic Statistics for Public Health, Version 3.01 Updated 2013/04/06 [Internet]. [cited 2017 May 27]; Available from: http://www.openepi.com/TwobyTwo/ TwobyTwo.htm
- Shaikh Z, Pathak R. Revised Kuppuswamy and B G Prasad socio-economic scales for 2016. Int J Community Med Public Health 2017;4(4):997–9.
- Anand S, Kirshnanand. Perinatal outcome in growth retarted babies born to normotensive and hypertensive mothers: A prospective study. Peoples J Sci Res [Internet] 2012 [cited 2017 May 23];5(1). Available from: http:// www.pjsr.org/Jan12_pdf/5.%20Shewta%20Anand%20 Dr..pdf
- Sajith M, Nimbargi V, Modi A, Sumariya R. Incidence of pregnancy induced hypertension and prescription pattern of antihypertensive drugs in pregnancy - IJPSR14-05-04-002.pdf [Internet]. [cited 2017 May 23];Available from: https://www.ijpsr.info/docs/ IJPSR14-05-04-002.pdf
- Reddy VSP, Chippa S, Bhavani N, Mukhopadhyay B. Epidemiological study of pregnancy induced hypertension. Int J Recent Trends Sci Technol 2014;11(3):379–82.
- Muti M, Tshimanga M, Notion GT, Bangure D, Chonzi P. Prevalence of pregnancy induced hypertension and pregnancy outcomes among women seeking maternity services in Harare, Zimbabwe. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2015;15:111.
- Smith RA, Baker PN. Risk factors, prevention and treatment of hypertension in pregnancy. Minerva Ginecol 2005;57(4):379–88.
- Meshram DP, Chavan YH, Kadam PN. Maternal and foetal outcomes in Pregnancy Induced Hypertension-A hospital based study. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention 2014;3(4):23-26. [Internet]. [cited 2017 May 26];Available from: http://www.ijpsi.org/Papers/ Vol3(4)/Version-2/E0342023026.pdf
- Xiong X, Demianczuk NN, Saunders LD, Wang F-L, Fraser WD. Impact of preeclampsia and gestational hypertension on birth weight by gestational age. Am J Epidemiol 2002;155(3):203–9.
- Jasovic-Siveska E, Jasovic V, Stoilova S. Previous pregnancy history, parity, maternal age and risk of pregnancy induced hypertension. Bratisl Lek Listy 2011;112(4):188– 91.
- Redman CW. Immunological aspects of pre-eclampsia. Baillieres Clin Obstet Gynaecol 1992;6(3):601–15.
- Lee C-J, Hsieh T-T, Chiu T-H, Chen K-C, Lo L-M, Hung T-H. Risk factors for pre-eclampsia in an Asian population. Int J Gynecol Obstet 2000;70(3):327–33.
- Sibai BM, Hauth J, Caritis S, Lindheimer MD, MacPherson C, Klebanoff M, et al. Hypertensive disorders in twin versus singleton gestations. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Network of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2000;182(4):938–42.
- Day MC, Barton JR, O’Brien JM, Istwan NB, Sibai BM. The effect of fetal number on the development of hypertensive conditions of pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 2005;106(5 Pt 1):927–31.
- Trogstad L, Magnus P, Moffett A, Stoltenberg C. The effect of recurrent miscarriage and infertility on the risk of pre-eclampsia. BJOG Int J Obstet Gynaecol 2009;116(1):108–13.
- Saftlas AF, Levine RJ, Klebanoff MA, Martz KL, Ewell MG, Morris CD, et al. Abortion, changed paternity, and risk of preeclampsia in nulliparous women. Am J Epidemiol 2003;157(12):1108–14.