International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology

Tapas Dasgupta ¹

Affiliations
1 Municipal Corporation, Bhopal, M.P., IN

Abstract

In this paper the dynamic characteristic of steel tube (ST) arch bridge is studied. The finite element analysis software is 2000 is used to set up a three-dimensional finite element model of the ST arch bridge. The natural period and mode shapes of the ST arch bridge are calculated by using the complete quadratic coefficient (COC) method. The bridge is analyzed for the road bridge. The response spectrum analysis method is used as per IRC. The calculating result shows that the vertical stiffness of the arch bridge is stronger whereas the arch bridge lateral stiffness is comparably weaker in earthquake. The solution of this problem is to increase lateral stiffness of arch bridge by using alternative arrangement of cross cables.

Keywords

String Arch Bridge, Road Bridge, Analysis (Dynamic Analysis), Mode Shapes Steel Tube (ST), Composite Structure.

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Tapas Dasgupta , Amit Vishwakarma

Abstract

Urban Land fill pavement drainage is one of the key components which need to be considered along with other parameters for urban land fill pavement management system. In which various issues related with integrating the urban land fill pavement roadway drainage with Land fill pavement Management System. It highlights the major ingress and egress routes of water in land fill pavement structure, methods to measure moisture and approaches to control the water entry. This paper reviews different software's for designing the drainage system and techniques for modeling the drainage conditions in land fill pavement deterioration models. The effect of poor surface and subsurface drainage on land fill pavement performance and its life-cycle are also discussed. The measures to manage the poor land fill pavement roadway drainage conditions are also presented. The need for a detailed field and laboratory studies related to land fill pavements drainage systems has been demonstrated.

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Tapas Dasgupta

Abstract

Presently in India, about 960 million tonnes of solid waste is being generated annually as by-products during industrial, mining, municipal, agricultural and other processes. Of this 350 million tonnes are organic wastes from agricultural sources; 290 million tonnes are inorganic waste of industrial and mining sectors and 4.5 million tonnes are hazardous in nature. Advances in solid waste management resulted in alternative construction materials as a substitute to traditional materials like bricks, blocks, tiles, aggregates, ceramics, cement, lime, soil, timber and paint. To safeguard the environment, efforts are being made for recycling different wastes and utilise them in value added applications. In this paper, present status on generation and utilization of both non-hazardous and hazardous solid wastes in India, their recycling potentials and environmental implication are reported and discussed in details.

Keywords

Hazardous and Non-Hazardous Waste, Recycling, Construction Materials, Environmental Pollution, Resources Conservation.

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Tapas Dasgupta

Abstract

This paper presents to demonstrate a new tool for designing integrated municipal solid waste to energy systems in the urban environment, in determining how municipal solid waste can be used to generate energy rather than being disposed of in landfills and whether it will be economical to do so. A tool has been developed to design energy system in urban environment looking at the impact of urban form and layout on inhabitants behaviour which determines the demands for various resources, demands through a wide variety of energy conversion technologies sending municipal solid waste to landfill, the results show that the cost of energy provision can be reduced by up to 40% by using either anaerobic digestion or gasification to convert the waste to energy, assuming sufficient waste is available from neighbouring town.

This paper highlights the benefits of using a modelling approach for investigating the feasibility of different urban energy systems. It also quantifies the impact that an integrated municipal solid waste to energy strategy can have on the overall environmental sustainability and economics of a city.

Keywords

Solid Waste Management System, Material Recycle, Composting, Urban Energy Sanitary Landfill and Local Authorities Responsibility.

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Tapas Dasgupta

Abstract

Solid Waste Management (SWM) system in Bhopal has deteriorated recently to the point that only limited waste collection is undertaken in certain urban areas and disposal is largely to uncontrolled dump sites. In this study, the technical, economical, and environmental aspects of three SWM scenarios were investigated aiming to compare the scenarios and select the most appropriate one for implementation. Waste disposal into a sanitary landfill, waste transportation to transfer station before disposal to a sanitary landfill & also considered waste sorting, recycling and composting followed by landfill disposal in an integrated treatment disposal facility. The current open dumping practice was considered as the baseline scenario. According to economic analysis, the benefits from the revenues of selling the produced recyclables and compost did not improve.

Keywords

Cost Analysis, Environmental Analysis, Economical Cost, Integrated SWM Plan.

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Tapas Dasgupta

Abstract

The Good Connectivity To Any Part Of The Country In All Seasons Is The First Step To Develop The Infrastructure Of The Nation. The Structure Of Road Consists Of The Formation Or Subgrade And The Pavement. The Structural Element Of The Pavement Is The Foundation (Soiling Or Bottoming) Also Called The Sub-Base Of The Base. The Base May Be Surfaced Either With A Concrete Or A Bituminous Surfacing.Subgrade Is And Integral Part Of Road Pavement Structure As It Provides Support To The Pavement As Its Foundation. The Main Function Of The Subgrade Is To Give Adequate Support To The Pavement And For This The Subgrade Should Possess Sufficient Stability Under Adverse Climatic And Loading Conditions. The Formation Of Waves, Corrugations, Rutting And Shoving In Black Top Pavements Are Generally Attributed To Poor Subgrade Conditions.Geotextile, Both Natural And Synthetic, Are Helpful In Improving The Geotechnical Properties Of Soil. These Fabrics Are Used For Erosion Control, Drainage, Filtration, As Separation Layer, For Vegetation Support Etc. Jute Is Also A Geotextile Which Is More Ecofriendly And Can Be Used In Road Works Cost Effectively.

Keywords

Sub Soil, B.C. Soil, Volume Change, Moisture Content, Jute, Geotextile, Sand.

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Tapas Dasgupta

Abstract

Soil is the most abundantly available construction material on the earth. At places, it is found to be the only locally available construction material. Backfilling of utility trenches is done with the soli available from the excavation of the trenches. Properties of this backfill soil vary from site to site depending upon the material available from excavation. Many times due to use of poor soils or due to improper compaction, settlement of the backfill material due to the loss of strength in the backfill soil results in the hindrance to the traffic crossing the utility trenches and may also cause damage to the utility. Sometimes it becomes difficult to compact the backfill properly in the confined areas due to various site constraints such as backfilling around or beneath the concrete or steel structures or in the narrow trenches of the underground utilities. To avoid inconvenience to the road users and damage to the underlaid pipes etc. proper care should be taken during the backfilling operations. For this in addition to imparting the required compaction to the backfill, the properties of soil available should also be improved by using various techniques of soil stabilization. The modified material should then be used in the backfilling operations.

Stabilization of yellow clays obtained from the excavation of the trench, having high to moderate compressibility, can be done with locally available sand. This may be one of the cost-effective and quick methods of improving the properties of such soils.

Keywords

Excavated Soil, Utility Duct, Backfill, Clay Soil, Sand, Compaction, Settlement and Trench Falling.

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Tapas Dasgupta , Amit Vishwakarma , Surendra Sarsaiya

Abstract

In the past few decades, Solid Waste Management System in Bhopal have involved complex & multi faceted trade off technological, economic and regulatory framework. These changes resulted in various environmental, economic social impacts in waste management policies which not only complicate policy analysis, but also change the sustainable development. System analysis a discipline that integrated solid waste management strategies, has been uniquely providing interdisciplinary support for decision making in this area. This paper conducts a thorough literature review of models & tools illuminating possibilities of waste management policies in city of lakes: Bhopal which encompassing the prospects and constrains of waste management in the city.

Keywords

Collection, Segregation, Analysis of Solid Waste Management and Sustainable Development in the City of Lake:Bhopal.

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Tapas Dasgupta ¹, Amit Vishwakarma ², Surendra Sarsaiya ³

Affiliations
1 AISECT University, Bhopal, M.P., IN
2 UIT, RGPV, Bhopal, M.P., IN
3 IIWM, Bhopal, M.P., IN

Abstract

Waste management is a complex process that requires a lot of information from various sources such as factors on waste generation and waste quantity forecasts. When operations related to promotion of waste management systems are considered it is observed that generation of waste and planning is found to be influenced by different factor of which are impacted by socio demographics. The main aim of this paper is to review previously tested models related to municipal solid waste generation and identify possible factors which will help in identifying the crucial design options within the framework of statistical modelling.

Keywords

Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), Compost, Vermicompost, Thermophillic Composting, Anaerobic Digestion, Aerobic Composting, Collection, Disposal, Source, Factors.

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Tapas Dasgupta ¹

Affiliations
1 AISECT University, IN

Abstract

The Public Private Partnership (PPP) requires safe and conducive environment to safe guard the interest of the private partner against risk and that of consumers against likely abuse by the private partners. The private partners are not generally attracted towards PPP arrangement in solid waste management (SWM) services because of its complex operation and maintenance cost structure and difficulty in fixing sustainability for a long period. Risks are involved due to increase in the cost of energy, chemical, main power and other allied items. On the other hand non affordability of levied tariff results in under utility of the scheme and less revenue collection. A well design cost model is therefore necessary that can provide the cost of each components, which contributes to the total operation and maintenance cost at any time of PPP arrangement. This cost model should take care of the increase in solid waste with the increase in population and incremental cost required to meet it throughout the PPP arrangement. This paper describe the approach and methodology use to design such a cost model and its applicability in PPP arrangement. The model can be used to check financial sustainability, plan for SWM and compute benefits/losses with change in basic parameters.

Keywords

Average Incremental Costs, Operation and Maintenance, Public Private Partnership, Solid Waste Management System.

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Tapas Dasgupta

Abstract

In Bhopal, the widespread occurrences of cracking due to alternate swelling and shrinking in lightly loaded structures provided with traditional foundation like the strip footings in are covered by swelling soil. It is likely that foundation movements, due to shrinkage and swelling of expansive soil as a result of moisture content changes are responsible for more damage to building than any other single cause. This forced the Builders and Engineers to take notice and adopt suitable measures to overcome this problem. It relates to light loaded structure that is may not be possible to develop large enough downwards loads to exert the required pressure beneath the supports of the smallest practicable size. Further more, swelling can be prevented only in a localized zone beneath the footing (lying within the bulb of pressure of intensity equal to swelling pressure), where the stresses induced by the foundation are concentrated. The soil beyond the pressure bulb would still swell, and so will the soil in areas between the adjacent footings. The boundary walls are an important part of the building which stride boundary line and used to separate the properties, but it is not a part o9f building because building has a roof, floor, doors and windows while boundary wall has no such type of arrangement.

Keywords

Swelling, Shrinkage, Settlement, Design and Quality in Black Cotton Soil.

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Tapas Dasgupta ¹

Affiliations
1 AISECT University, IN

Abstract

Major environmental concerns of municipal landfills revolve around quantity and quality of leachate, gas generation, and decomposition processes occurring therein. Minimizing the time period for maximum biodegradation to reduce leachate and gas emissions after landfill closure, ease the requirement of leachate treatment, and reclamation of landfill site is the most sought after managers proposition. In this context, several enhancement techniques are being implemented to increase the biological activity in the landfills. As early as 1970, researchers started exploring the potential of applying leachate recirculation in landfills to enhance the stabilization of waste and generation of landfill gas. As compared to many developed countries, the concept of bioreactor landfills is still relatively very new to India. This paper reviews the benefits of bioreactor landfill operation techniques with the conventional landfill techniques from past and ongoing field trials and culminates with the need for the research on the promising technology in India.

Keywords

Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), Landfill, Bioreactor, Leachate and Biogas.

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Tapas Dasgupta ¹

Affiliations
1 AISECT University, Bhopal, IN

Abstract

Landfill leachates are not geographically specific; rarely acknowledge the impact of site specific parameters such as age, water balance, type of waste, landfill operation, etc.; and cover such large ranges that they are often of little use. Analysis of data from lined landfills in Bhopal was needed to provide useful information for the design and management of landfill leachates. Analyses were designed to identify trends in the data and to determine the effects of climate, region or ocation, age of the fill, and waste characteristics on leachate quality.

Keywords

Leachate, Municipal Solid Waste Leachate, Leachate Analysis and Leachate Quality Data.

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Tapas Dasgupta ¹

Affiliations
1 AISECT University, Bhopal, IN

Abstract

The goal of sustainable management of municipal solid waste (MSW), integrated planning required by financial support to control the situation. Life cycle assessment, categorisation, recycling of wastes and proper landfilling are required.

Keywords

Landfill, Municipal Solid Waste, Sustainable Development.

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Tapas Dasgupta ¹

Affiliations
1 AISECT University, Bhopal, IN

Abstract

The geotechnical behaviour of expansive clay soils is investigated by looking into the geomorphologic, geological and climatic conditions and mineralogical composition of the soils in the study area. The geotechnical results are linked with the performance of the foundation as well as structures.

Since swell potential and swell pressure are key properties of expansive soils, the swell parameters were measured by free swell tests and one-dimensional oedometer swell tests respectively.

Physical conditions of the surveyed properties in the area confirmed the hypothesis of building damages due to poor building materials triggered by expansive soils. In support of the obtained data, the actual behaviour of the foundations is supplemented with prototypes of strip foundations whose performances are to be monitored over a long period. Finally, suggested are the ways forward to solve the problem of foundation on expansive soil.

Keywords

Expansive Soils, Soil Properties, Potential Swell, Soil-Structure Interaction (SSI), and Superstructure and Substructure.

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Tapas Dasgupta ¹

Affiliations
1 AISECT University, Bhopal, IN

Abstract

Observers opine that humanity, after experiencing economic revolutions, agricultural, industrial, and informatics-is now on the threshold of a fourth one This will make environmental performance and sustainability basic requisites to industrial growth and competitiveness. Urban Infrastructure represents a typical area of this focus In Indian context, both existing towns and new urban dwellings/cities will experience these change Huge investments are required to construct a dumping system though some flexibility in their design can save on costs. A modern centralized system covering collection evacuation or transportation and treatment of solid waste requires several inputs field investigations, preliminary testing, criteria for designs, master Planning and implementation plans. The system uses vehicle as transportation medium. Gradually improve products and services with respect to I their environment impacts taking into consideration their entire life span The approach adopted covers Flux management approach that includes minimization of material flux, recovery of valuable materials and returning them into the material cycle. Composed manure is treated as Natural good, economic and social and is yet not recognized as a product However to meet the quality requirements of customers, waste has to be treated and recycled. Waste water treatment and reclamation goes through the same linear production sequence usage and wastage and treatment Solid waste treatment processes must therefore be reviewed for optimization and reduction in costs in conveyance and treatment.

Keywords

Environmental Performance, Sustainability, Industrial Growth and Competitiveness.

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Tapas Dasgupta ¹

Affiliations
1 AISECT University, IN

Abstract

The most common means for disposing of municipal solid waste is burial in a sanitary landfill. However, many landfill are underestimate the total cost of landfill disposal be considering only land and operating costs, ignoring external physical and social costs associated with landfills. This paper pro0oses and approach be estimating (in monetary terms) the external costs arising from the development and operation pf a landfill.

Keywords

Refuse, Landfill Costs Bhanpur Bhopal.

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Tapas Dasgupta ¹

Affiliations
1 AISECT University, Bhopal, IN

Abstract

Bhopal is the capital and the second largest city of Madhya Pradesh. There is no arrangement for segregation of waste at source. It is a known fact that even elaborate Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM) schemes also fail. Hence people in MS WM activity schemes should design appropriate MSWM plan, water and landfill gas monitoring system.

Keywords

Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), Compost, Vermicompost, Thermophillic Composting, Anaerobic Digestion, Aerobic Composting, Collection , Disposal, Source, Factors.

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