International Journal of Innovative Research and Development

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The competitive advantage of telecommunication companies depends on how well they are able to manage their relationship with stakeholders. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of community relations on competitive advantage of Airtel-Tigo. In this study; the researcher adopted a descriptive research design where quantitative approach was used. The target population of this study was 205 employees of Airtel-Tigo Rwanda. A sample size of 136 respondents was determined from total population of 205 employees by using Slovenes formula. Stratified random sampling was used to select respondents. The study used close ended questionnaires. The data was analyzed for both descriptive and inferential statistics. The study concluded a negative relationship between community relations and competitive advantage of Airtel-Tigo Rwanda because the results of correlation between them Was at the level of - 44.4% which suggest negative relationship between community relations and competitive advantage of Airtel-Tigo Rwanda. Based on the findings the study concludes that the current community relations strategies in the telecommunications sector in Rwanda drain the gains instead of adding value to the sector. Consequently, the study recommends for more innovative community relationship strategies that will go along enhancing the performance of the telecommunications sector in Rwanda.

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Competitive advantages are conditions that allow a company or country to produce a good or service of equal value at a lower price or in a more desirable fashion. The objective of this study was to assess the determinants of competitive advantage for manufacturing firms in Rwanda. In this study; a descriptive research was adopted. The target population for this study was 64 senior staff; the researcher adopted a census since the population was quite small in numbers. Primary data was collected using questionnaires. Descriptive and inferential statistics were computed to assess the determinants of competitive advantage for manufacturing firms in Rwanda. Statistical Package for Social Scientists was used to execute multiple linear regressions. According to the results of correlation between innovations and competitive advantage of Africa Improved Foods is at the level of 0.789 meaning that the practice of  making innovations which is measured in terms of  developing new products to new markets, developing  new products to existing markets, spending money in Research and Development and developing new capabilities to compete at the market influence the Return on investment, Market Share and Profitability of Africa Improved Food at the level of 78.9%. Therefore, the study concluded a strong relationship between innovations and competitive advantage of Africa Improved Foods. By considering the level of significance which is 0.05, there is a significant relationship innovations and competitive advantage of Africa Improved Foods as their p-value (0.007) is statistically significant at 5% level of significance.  The study makes the following recommendations. Manufacturing firms in Rwanda; especially Africa Improved Foods Ltd should take the innovative spirit to the high level by increase the efforts in new products development, markets development and increase the more money in Research and Development so as to outperform its competitors.

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This study investigated the effect of the financial control system on the performance of commercial banks in Rwanda. A survey using a questionnaire was conducted on two hundred and forty (240) employees drawn from fourteen commercial Banks. The focus was on employees from departments that deal with financial control systems within the banking sectors visa vis Corporate Business Banking, Retail Business Banking, Financial Control, Internal Audit, Operations, and Credit Risk. Descriptive and correlation statistics were computed from the data obtained. The findings of the study indicated that the role of Finance Control teams in   Formulation and Management of the Bank Performance Standards had a mean ( =2.69), and a standard deviation of (S=0.32), Management of flows of Resources has got a mean ( =2.93), and a standard deviation of (S=0.23); while the Prevention and management of operational Risk gets a mean ( =3.45), and a standard deviation of (S=0.31). Further Statistical evidence depict that there is a significant relationship between, Formulation and Management of the Bank Performance Standards p=.150 and sig =0.021 (sig<0.05), Management of flows of Resources p=.217 and sig =0.001 (sig<0.05), the Prevention and management of operational Risk p=.061 and sig =0.768 (sig>0.05). ; It was concluded that banks that carry out Financial Control activities on a regular basis have got a good performance, considering the financial control as an integral part of the management functions it influences the performance of commercial Banks. In line with findings it is recommended that banks adopt elaborate financial control systems in tandem with central bank regulations to effectively improve on the sectors performance and overall economy of Rwanda.

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The purpose of this research was to assess the effect of risk mitigation on project effectiveness in affordable housing project with following objectives; to assume /accept risks, to avoid risks and to control risks in the projects. The reviewed literature related to risk management and project effectiveness and found out that planning for risks mitigation facilitates project effectiveness. Descriptive research design was used the population of the study was 110 employees of affordable housing development project in Rwanda and the sample size was 52 respondents selected using purposive and simple random sampling techniques. Data collection tools were questionnaires and interviews while validity and reliability of research instruments was done through pretesting. Data was processed using SPSS program. The results showed that 98% contacted respondents agreed that planning for risk mitigation contributes to project effectiveness because it facilitates having analyzing risk, its possible causes and how best the project can control such risks, hence promoting effectiveness. The study concluded that the factors that planning for risk mitigation contribute to project effectiveness in affordable housing project are identifying causes of risks, documenting risks, breaking down risks and that being risk prepared. Consequently, it is recommended that risk assessment for affordable housing project and sound policy and procedures, in terms of resources and budgeting should be in place before the commencement of any housing project in Rwanda.

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The objective of macroeconomic policies is to achieve a high economic growth rate while maintaining a low inflation rate, it is also believed that a high inflation has an adverse effect on economic growth. But how low should the inflation rate be not to impact negatively on economic growth? The study assumed a nonlinear relationship between inflation and economic growth and attempts to identify the existence of threshold effects between these variables in the case of Rwanda using time series the period 2003-2019. Data was analyzed by means of a quadratic regression model and ordinary least square technique. The results showed that at low levels, inflation does not hurt economic growth, while at higher levels, inflation reduces economic growth. The estimated inflation threshold level is 14.97%. Since the findings of this study have unveiled the estimated threshold inflation rate consistent with economic growth in Rwanda, they would provide some useful guidance to economic decision makers in designing a more appropriate macroeconomic policy framework.

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The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of money supply on economic growth in Rwanda. the study utilized quarterly time series data for the period of 2000-2015 and the variables considered are the ratios that were extracted and computed from data provided by the National Bank of Rwanda (BNR).The dependent variable was represented by economic growth which has as main indicator of real gross domestic product growth (real GDP), while the independent variable was represented by the broad money supply (M3) as a proportion of growth. In addition, five intervening variables were considered in order to control other components of the Rwanda macroeconomic environment that could influence the growth of the Rwanda economy. The study used Johnson co-integration technique to test the presence of long run between the study variables. Finally, the Fully Modified Ordinally Least Square (FMOLS) procedure was utilized to produce the model coefficients. From the empirical analysis, the result supported for a significant negative influence of money supply on the growth of economy (RGDP).This study therefore recommends Rwandan policy makers not utilize money supply to stimulate economic growth in both short and long relationship because of its inverse relationship with growth of economy.

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