IAHRW International Journal of Social Sciences Review

Satyananda Panda ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Sikkim University, Gangtok, Sikkim, IN

Abstract

The family is the primary unit of the society to take care the material, physical and emotional needs of people. A good family environment leads to better well-being of the off-springs and endows them with better mental health. The present study was undertaken to examine the relationship between family environment and mental health of undergraduate university students. In this study, 60 participants (30 male and 30 female) of undergraduate university students were selected through disproportionate sampling procedure. The participants were assessed by using Family Environment Scale (FES) and Mental Health Battery (MHB) questionnaires. Data was analysed in terms of mean, standard deviation, t-test and coefficient of correlation. The statistical analysis revealed that there existed no significant relationship between any of the variables of family environment and mental health of undergraduate university students. Results indicated that there was significant gender difference among undergraduate university students on acceptance and caring as well as on intelligence. There also existed significant gender difference among them on the score of overall family environment. However, no significant gender difference was observed on other dimensions of mental health among undergraduate university students. Moderate to high degree mean scores of undergraduate university students can be observed on family environment subscales like cohesiveness, conflict, acceptance and caring; and also on adjustment dimension of mental health. The findings of the study will help to understand the role of family environment to enable the undergraduate university students to cope with the challenges that arise in these critical transitional periods. The study will suggest suitable measures to strengthen the mental health of undergraduate university students.

Keywords

Family Environment, Mental Health, Undergraduate Students, Conflict, Autonomy.

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Satyananda Panda ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Sikkim University Tadong, Gangtok, Sikkim, IN

Abstract

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neuro developmental psychiatric disorder in which there are significant problems with attentional and inhibitory control that cause attention deficits, hyperactivity, or impulsiveness which is not appropriate for a person's age.It's normal for children to occasionally forget their homework, daydream during class, act without thinking, or get fidgety at the dinner table. But inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity are also signs of attention deficit disorder (ADD/ADHD), which can affect your child's ability to learn and get along with others. The first step to addressing the problem is to recognize the signs and symptoms. Psychological interventions for ADHD include a range of cognitive behavioural approaches, including behavioural interventions and parent training, cognitive training and social skills training. The behavoiural approaches involve the use of rewards or reinforcers that are judged likely to encourage the young person to implement targeted changes in motor, impulse or attentional control. Parent training is a behaviour therapy intervention in that it teaches the parents to use behaviour therapy techniques with their child. Self-instructional training is probably the most commonly used cognitive therapeutic approach in the psychological treatment of ADHD-I. It comprises several different techniques, including cognitive modelling, self-evaluation, self-reinforcement and response cost. The aim of providing social skills training is to teach the micro skills of social interaction such as eye contact, smiling and body posture. Parents, schools, and practitioners should not put off beginning effective behavioral treatments for children with ADHD-I.

Keywords

Cognitive Therapy, Behaviour Therapy, Psychosocial, Reinforcement, Inattentive.

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Anjana Prusty ¹, Satyananda Panda ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, Sikkim University, Gangtok, Sikkim, IN

Abstract

Nursing is, by its very nature, an occupation subject to a high degree of stress. Many nursing tasks are mundane and unrewarding. Many are by normal standards distasteful, even disgusting, others are often degrading; some are simply frightening. Workplace stress has long been recognized as a challenge for the nursing profession. There is limited research exploring the personality characteristics of nurses within clearly defined nursing specialty areas. The present study aimed to compar epersonality trait and stress level of nurses serving in government and private hospitals. The descriptive survey has been used as the research method in this study. The sample of 60 qualified nurses (30 Government and 30 Private Nurses) was selected using random cluster sampling. Data were collected by using Nursing Stress Scale and NEO Five Factor-3 Inventory. Significant differences were found among government and private nurses on various dimensions of stress level like conflict with physician, lack of staff support, conflict with other nurse and supervisor and highly significant differences were found on workload. However, no significant relationship was found between stress and personality traits. No significant difference of different dimensions of personality traits among private and government nurses was found. Results also indicated that all the five personality traits are good predictors for stress as well as among nurses at 0.001 levels. However, no significant relationship between personality characteristics and levels of nursing stress among government and private nurses was found. 76.7% of private nurses reported that they experience medium level stress and only 23.3% of them experience low level of stress. 73.3% government nurses reported that they experience low level stress where as only 26.7% of them experience medium level of stress.

Keywords

Personality, Stress, Nurses, Workload, Conflict.

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Shinchel Lingzerpa ¹, Satyananda Panda ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Psychology, School of Human Sciences, Sikkim University, Gangtok, Sikkim, IN

Abstract

Although Sikkim is known to be one of the most peaceful states in India, there are various issues that have gripped the state. One such issue is the rampant use of alcohol and other substances. The present study explored the possible causes and consequences of substance abuse in Sikkim by using qualitative research approach. In-depth interviews were carried out with 17 individuals 10 male in-patients from Sikkim diagnosed with substance use disorder (SUD), 3 physicians and 2 counsellors dealing with patients with SUD, and 2 first-degree relatives of in-patients suffering from SUD. Results showed that majority of the male in-patients (80%) were indulged in multiple substances. The most common causes for initiation of substances as reported by in-patients, relatives, physicians, and counsellors were: enjoyment, curiosity, relieving stress, drinking culture, and easy availability. They also reported that the consumption of substances led to academic, financial, social and behavioural problems, along with deterioration of health, psychological problems like low self-confidence, isolation and increased sadness. Physicians and counsellors also reported that the majority of the patients seeking treatment also had a family history of SUD. They also reported that the most common reasons for wanting to quit the substances are deteriorating health and wanting to rebuild trust and relationships. The findings of the research suggest that there is an urgent need to conduct a thorough research on trends of substance use in Sikkim and to develop suitable intervention strategies to reduce the increasing rate of Substance Use Disorders in Sikkim.

Keywords

Substance, Cannabis, Alcohol, Health, Self-Confidence, Suicide.

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