Himachal Journal of Agricultural Research

Yudhvir Singh ¹, Rishu ¹, Arti Verma ¹, Sanjay Chadha ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-1760 62, IN

Abstract

The present investigation was carried out at Palampur during rabi 2012 and 2013 to gather information on the nature of gene action by following line × tester mating design involving five lines and three testers. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among treatments for days to marketable curd maturity from date of transplanting, gross weight per plant, marketable yield per plant, curd size index, curd depth, curd diameter, per cent marketable curds, stalk length, number of leaves per plant, plant height, harvest index, ascorbic acid content and total soluble solids. The magnitude of dominance variance was higher than additive variance for all the traits except curd depth and total soluble solids which indicated the involvement of nonadditive gene action which could be utilized through the development of hybrids in cauliflower. A complete correspondence was noticed between per cent contribution of line × tester interaction (crosses) and non-additive gene action (σ²D), which reaffirm the importance of hybrids in cauliflower.

Keywords

Cauliflower, Gene Action, GCA Variance, SCA Variance and Line x Tester.

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Yudhvir Singh ¹, Girdhar Gopal Soni ¹, Akhilesh Sharma ¹, Viveka Katoch ¹, Arti Verma ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062, IN

Abstract

Studies were carried out on six genotypes (PalamUphar, DPCa Y-2, DPCa Y-3, DPCa Y-4, DPCa Y-5 and DPCa Y-6) of mid-late group of cauliflower at Experimental Farm of the Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur during the period from September 2010 to June 2011 to find out the levels of compatibility. The pollination treatments included self-pollination in open flowers at 25% flowering (OP-I), self-pollination in open flowers at 50- 75% flowering (OP-II) and self-pollination in open flowers at more than 75% flowering (OP-III). Majority of the plants in all the genotypes studied were in the compatibility grade 0-10 per cent, whereas, there was little change in the genotypes DPCa Y-2, DPCa Y-3, DPCa Y-4, DPCa Y-5 and DPCa Y-6 for the number of plants in the compatibility grade 0-10 except PalamUphar (OP-III). Hence, those plants falling in 0-10 compatibility grade can be used for the isolation of S-allele homozygotes for the development of selfincompatible lines for hybrid development.

Keywords

Compatibility Levels, Cauliflower, Pollination, S-Allele.

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Vibhuti Sharma ¹, Sonia Sood ¹, V. K. Sood ¹, Yudhvir Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062, IN

Abstract

Morphological characterization of bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L. var. grossum Sendt.) germplasm is a prerequisite in any crop improvement programme. The present study was conducted in 2015 at the Vegetable Experimental Farm of CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur, to evaluate morphological traits of bell pepper genotypes in 43 F₅ progenies, one susceptible and two resistant checks. Characterization of genotypes was done for the plant descriptors that included fruit shape, fruit shape at pedicel attachment, blossom end fruit shape, fruit position, plant height and fruit colour. Blocky fruit shape, truncate/ cordate fruit shape at pedicel attachment, sunken blossom end fruit shape, pendent/ erect fruit position and dark green fruit colour at the time of horticultural maturity were the desirable horticultural attributes from consumer's point of view. Bell pepper germplasm contains sufficient genetic variability and can be used for crop improvement. Among the evaluated genotypes, 14 had blocky fruit shape, 12 with lobate fruit shape at pedicel attachment, 25 with sunken blossom end fruit shape, 7 with upright fruit position and 28 genotypes with plant height of 46-65 cm. Green and yellow green coloured fruits were prominent. 27, 9 and 10 progenies were categorized under green group, yellow yellow green group and yellow green green group, respectively. Characterization of bell pepper germplasm will provide valuable information for strengthening breeding programmes because it helps in selection of parents on the basis of morphological characters. P-43, P-24, P-25, P-33, P-34, P-10, P-23 were the progenies with desirable horticultural attributes and can be used for their exploitation in future breeding programme.

Keywords

Capsicum annuum Var. Grossum, Bell Pepper, Colour, Descriptor and Fruit.

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Vibhuti Sharma ¹, Sonia Sood ¹, V. K. Sood ¹, Yudhvir Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062, IN

Abstract

Forty six genotypes of bell pepper were evaluated during the summer rainy season of 2015 at CSKHPKV, Palampur to study the extent of genetic variability, determine the association between different characters, understand the direct and indirect effects of component traits on marketable fruit yield, and identify desirable genotypes. Sufficient genetic variability was observed for all horticultural traits studied; that is, days to 50 per cent flowering, days to first picking, plant height, primary branches per plant, harvest duration, fruit length, fruit width, pericarp thickness, lobes per fruit, average fruit weight, fruit yield per plant, fruits per plant, marketable fruit yield per plant and marketable fruits per plant. On the basis of mean performance, the progenies P-30, P-39 P-33, P-11 and P-28 were the highest yielder. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) indicated higher values than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the traits, indicating close association between phenotype and genotype. High heritability estimates along with high genetic advance were recorded for average fruit weight, fruit yield per plant and marketable fruit yield per plant indicating the role of additive gene action for their inheritance. Harvest duration and fruit width had high heritability estimates along with low genetic advance, indicating non-additive gene activity, and these could be improved through hybridization The maximum direct effect on marketable fruit yield per plant was exhibited by marketable fruits per plant, average fruit weight and fruit width, whereas days to 50 per cent flowering and marketable fruits per plant had negative direct effects. Adequate genetic variability was present within bell pepper germplasm to aflow breeding improvement of marketable yield.

Keywords

Capsicum annuum var. grossum, Bell Pepper, Variability, Heritability, Genetic Advance, Correlations, Path Analysis.

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Surbhi Sharma ¹, Yudhvir Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur - 176 062, IN

Abstract

The extent of genetic diversity plays an important role in varietal improvement programme of a particular crop. An experiment was conducted to study genetic divergence in 25 genotypes of cauliflower and data was recorded for 17 quantitative characters. On the basis of D² statistics, the genotypes were grouped into three clusters. Based on inter and intra-cluster distances, maximum intra-cluster distance was observed in Cluster I, indicating that the genotypes included in this cluster were genetically diverse. Further, inter-cluster distances revealed maximum values between Clusters I and II, followed by Clusters I and III and, clusters II and III. On the basis of cluster means, Cluster I was observed to be important for earliness and yield characters suggesting the scope of improvement for these traits through the use of genotypes included in this cluster. On the other hand, for morphological and quality characters, Cluster II was observed to be important. Hence, genotypes from diverse clusters with high mean values for different characters present the best choice for further exploitation in cauliflower improvement programme.

Keywords

Cauliflower, Genetic Diversity, Genotypes, Improvement, Yield Traits.

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Sudeshna Thakur ¹, Kiran Bala ¹, A. K. Sood ¹, Yudhvir Singh ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062, IN
2 Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur, IN

Abstract

In order to explore the possibility of sources of resistance and relative tolerance of cultivars based upon the damage inflicted, studies were undertaken to evaluate onion and garlic entries/genotypes during February-April, 2016. The screening of the genotypes revealed thrips population to remain low till the end of March which attained peak in the first week of April. Mean thrips population count on onion was maximum on ON-14-01 being at par to ALRO 213, ON14-04 and minimum on genotype OLR 1352 which being at par with ON 15-16 and OLR 1372. Among the garlic genotypes AVT-2/GRL-1351 and AVT-1/GN-14-25 showed maximum thrips population whereas GRL-1349 and AVT-1/GN14-23 sustained minimum population. Foliar damage varied from 4.90 to 25.40 per cent and 0 to 6.6 per cent in onion and garlic, respectively. Correlation of population build-up with environmental factors showed positive correlation with prevailing temperature but negative with rainfall, relative humidity, wind speed and sunshine hours for both the crops but correlation with maximum relative humidity and wind speed was significant for onion crop only.

Keywords

Allium cepa, Allium sativum, Thrips, Germplasm, Screening.

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