Wireless Communication

M. Geetha ¹, R. Umarani ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Applications, Vivekananda College of Arts and Sciences for Women, Triuchengode, IN
2 Department of Computer Science, Sri Sarada College for Women, Salem, IN

Abstract

Mobile node is a collection of mobile nodes which forms a temporary network. Some of the nodes in an ad hoc network may want access to an external network, such as internet. Different mechanisms have been proposed to integrate MANETs and the Internet[10][11]. These mechanisms are differing based on gateway discovery mechanism, and Adhoc routing protocol[13][16]. When MANET is connected to the Internet, it is important for the mobile nodes to detect an available gateway providing an access to the Internet. The objective of this paper is based on Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) routing protocols used in gateways. AODV[1] is one of the most popular routing protocols for ad-hoc networks; it uses the flooding technique for locating the destinations, and gateway, possibly cause an overhead in the network. To overcome this problem we have introduced the MPR (Multi Point Relay) algorithm [2][9] in the AODV protocol in order to reduce the number of messages broadcasted during the flooding phase and also the MPRAODV protocol uses the hybrid approach to find out the gateway[14][15]. The extended AODV (MPRAODV) using MPR reduces the overhead and enhances the packet delivery performance.

Keywords

MANET, AODV, MPR, Gateway, Adhoc Internet Connectivity.

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T. Lalitha ¹, R. Umarani ¹

Affiliations
1 Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

In wireless sensor networks, the security attacks are due to the compromise of the large part of the network which can cause node damage or disturbance in the data flow. At the time of re-keying process, if the re-key from the sink is not securely transmitted to the compromised node, it will lead to denial of service attack. In this paper, we propose a cluster based key management technique for authentication in wireless sensor networks. Initially, clusters are formed in the network and the cluster heads are selected based on the energy cost, coverage and processing capacity. The sink assigns cluster key to every cluster and an EBS key set to every cluster head. The EBS key set contains the pairwise keys for intra-cluster and inter-cluster communication. The cluster head upon detecting a compromised node in its cluster sends a request to sink to perform re-keying operation. The re-keying process utilizes the hashing function for authentication and nodes are recovered in a secured manner.

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K. Vanaja ¹, R. Umarani ²

Affiliations
1 Vivekanandha College of Arts and Sciences for Women, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Sri Sarada College for Women, Salem, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is an emerging trend and it has to face many challenges and issues. An ad hoc network is a collection of mobile nodes that dynamically form a temporary network, without the use of existing infrastructure. When two nodes are not within the radio range of one another, they use intermediate nodes to route packets for them. Routing in MANET is a challenging problem which draws researcher‟s vision, due to nodes mobility, dynamic topology, frequent link breakage, limitation of nodes (memory, battery, bandwidth, and processing power), and lack of central point like base stations or servers. So by analyzing different ad hoc routing protocols based on the metric throughput, packet delivery ratio, end to end delay which may yield a solution to the challenges in the ad hoc routing in different situations. The mobility of nodes and instability of the wireless environment may result in link breaks between neighboring nodes, even causes the route to be invalid. This paper focuses on the mobility of the source node and intermediate node which may result link failure. If a source node moves, it is able to reinitiate the Route Discovery Protocol (RDP) to find a new route to the destination using path updation. For intermediate node link break a Local Repair Procedure is used to update the path. This main objective of this paper is new path updation and resolving link failure in AODV. Computer simulation using NS2 simulator on Linux operating system shows the behavior and performance enriched in AODV routing protocol based on the metrics.

Keywords

MANET, AODV, RDP, Link Failure, PDR, E2E, Throughput, NS2.

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