Wireless Communication

Baljinder Singh ¹, Sanjeev Mahajan ², Guresh Pal Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Information Technology in Beant College of Engineering and Technology, Gurdaspur (Punjab), IN
2 Department of Computer Science and Engineering in Beant College of Engineering and Technology, Gurdaspur (Punjab), IN

Abstract

Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is composed of mobile nodes that can be formed without the need of any pre-existing infrastructure or centralized administration. Mobile nodes independently form a network over radio links in an ad-hoc fashion. Routing is done arbitrarily and randomly, due to frequent and unpredictably changes in network wireless topology. To provide and maintain better connectivity for this type of network, a number of routing protocols have been proposed. Simulator models are used for the performance evaluation of the routing protocols before their implementation in real life. CBR traffic is the commonly used traffic type to evaluate MANET routing protocols performance. But TCP traffic is connection oriented and more reliable than CBR traffic. More than 80% of the Internet traffic is based on TCP. Therefore it is necessary to analyze the impact of TCP traffic types on MANET routing protocols before selecting a particular protocol for the network. In this paper, the performance of a most widely used reactive MANET routing protocol "Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector Routing" (AODV) is optimized on TCP traffic by using Taguchi design of experiment (DOE) approach. We inferred the main effect of five factors (Performance Parameters) i.e., No. of nodes, Pause time, Maximum node movement speed, Maximum no. of concurrent connections and Network area. For the evaluation purpose five performance metrics i.e., Routing overhead, Average end-to-end delay, Packet delivery ratio, Throughput and Energy consumed have been considered. The study also uses Taguchi quality loss function for tackling multiple performance metrics and various network parameters simultaneously. Taguchi experimental design comprising of L8 orthogonal array of two levels for each parameter is used to organize the parameters and their range. A statistical analysis of means (ANOM) and analysis of variance (ANOVA) is performed to find the statistically significant optimal values of these parameters in order to achieve the best performance of AODV MANET routing protocol.

Keywords

AEED, ANOVA, AODV, MANET, MSNR, NRL, Orthogonal Array, PDR, Performance Metric, Parameters, Taguchi Design of Experiment, Taguchi Quality Loss Function, SNR, TL.

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Baljinder Singh ¹, Guresh Pal Singh ², Sanjeev Mahajan ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Information Technology in Beant College of Engineering and Technology, Gurdaspur (Punjab), IN
2 Department of Information Technology in Beant College of Engineering and Technology, Gurdaspur, IN
3 Department of Computer Science and Engineering in Beant College of Engineering and Technology, Gurdaspur (Punjab), IN

Abstract

A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a collection of mobile nodes dynamically forming temporary network without the use of any existing network infrastructure or centralized administration. To provide and maintain better connectivity for this type of network a number of routing protocols have been proposed. Software Simulators are used for the performance evaluation of the routing protocol before implementing it in real life. CBR traffic is the commonly used as traffic type to evaluate MANET routing protocols performance. But TCP traffic is connection oriented and more reliable than CBR traffic. Therefore it is necessary to analyze the impact of TCP traffic types on MANET routing protocols before selecting a particular protocol for the network. The improvement of one performance metric may be a degradation of another performance metric. A single setup of experiment may be best for packet delivery fraction but the same setting may not yield best results for normalized routing load. In this paper, we optimize the performance of Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) using TCP traffic with multiple performances metric. The Taguchi‟s quality loss function concept has been employed to deal with multi performance metrics. Taguchi experimental design comprising of L8 orthogonal array of two levels for each parameter is used to organize the parameters and their range. A statistical analysis of means (ANOM) and analysis of variance (ANOVA) on quality loss function is performed to find the optimal values of factors which are statistically significant in order to achieve the best performance metrics of DSR routing protocol. The ANOVA results shows that number of nodes and number of connections are the most influential factors on all performance metrics. Taguchi approach suggests that optimal values for number of nodes and number of connections must be kept at low level and value of pause time must be kept at high level.

Keywords

Taguchi design of Experiment, DSR Routing Protocol, Ad Hoc Network, Performance Metric, ANOVA and Orthogonal Array.

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