Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Network

The energy efficiency of a wireless sensor network (WSN) is one of the most critical requirements in WSNs. Due to limited energy resources, network lifetime is one of the critical issues as well. Numerous mechanisms have been proposed to reduce the impact of communication protocols on the overall energy dissipation of WSN. We propose an enhancement in Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) protocol, which modifies the prominent LEACH by electing a new Cluster Head (CH) before the existing cluster head dies. The enhancement is realized by adding a phase where existing CH advertises its cluster members if it is going to die. The cluster members check their own energy levels. If the member's energy is above a predefined threshold then that member can elect itself as a new CH. The simulation result shows the energy consumption of a single node over the time. Result graph shows the energy consumed by the node in the modified LEACH protocol is less than the energy consumed by the node in the LEACH protocol. This enhancement increases energy efficiency for WSNs, thus extending WSN lifetime.