Biometrics and Bioinformatics

T. Prem Anand ¹, C. Chellaram ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vel Tech Multi Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

The discovery of novel chemical classes has been in decline for the past two decades, the need to exploit new resources in search for effective chemicals with novel mechanism of actions is imperative. Marine bacteria are such a resource yet to be tapped, and the potential it offers is vast. The antitumour assay (artemia toxicity bioassay) developed by McLaughlin et al. is being used as a "bench top bioassay" by many researchers for the preliminary screening of bioactive compounds. McLaughlin group has founded positive correlation between brine shrimp toxicity and cytotoxicity and has isolated a number of novel antitumor natural products using this bioassay. The lowest ED50 values were exhibited by 4 strains out of the 94 strains screened. Bacterial extracts exhibiting artemia toxicity test.

Keywords

Antitumor Activity, Marine Bacteria, Gulf of Mannar.

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C. Chellaram ¹, T. Prem Anand ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vel Tech Multi Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

The bacteria isolated from the surface of the corals were found to have an inhibitory effect against 10 human pathogens. It was observed that out of 318 and 345 bacterial strains isolated from the surface of Favites abdita and Turbinaria mesenterina respectively, 12% was found be potent producers with maximum inhibition against Staphyloccus aureus (6 mm) and Streptococcus pneumonia (6 mm). It was observed in that the same percentage (12%) of bacterial strains isolated from Turbinaria mesenterina. Gram-positive, Gram-negative, pigmented and non-pigmented strains were all found to be antibiotic producers without exceptions. However, the antibiotic producing strains consisted of a higher percentage of non-pigmented strains in comparison with that of the pigmented ones, Favites abdita (38/288 strains), Turninaria mesenterina (41/304 strains). These results suggest that the epiphytic bacteria isolated from these corals could be effectively used for the development of novel drugs to combat the pathogens producing diseases to humans.

Keywords

Corals, Marine Bacteria, Antagonistic Activity, Human Pathogens.

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C. Chellaram ¹, N. Gurusamy ¹, T. Prem Anand ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vel Tech Multi Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Chennai, Tamilnadu, IN

Abstract

Apparatus and method for the early detection of somnolence of a person, particularly of a person gripping an object such as a steering wheel. A wrist band is worn by the person and sensors are pressed against the person's skin by band to sense various physiological parameters of the user, including peripheral pulse rate variability, peripheral vasodilation. If the majority of these parameters are indicative of increased somnolence, an audio alert is provided to the user. The main aim of this work is to provide an improved non-intrusive method for the physiological monitoring and alerting for events indicating increasing somnolence. A major advantage of this work is the absence of head-mounted electrodes and sensors. The monitoring from the limbs is a major advantage because the device is self-contained, having no wires to tangle with. The parameters monitored are analog signals in nature. They are amplified, filtered, and converted into a digital format for further processing by microcontroller or embedded unit. For each parameter an individualized baseline is computed and stored in memory. When the physiological value deviates from a preset baseline value an alert alarm is raised.

Keywords

Somnolence, Peripheral Pulse Rate, Vasodilation.

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