Target Localization and Mathematical Modelling for Maritime Based Sonar Applications Using Kalman Filter

Tracking underwater targets is a focused application area in modern underwater defense systems. The passive target tracking using bearings-only measurements is studied for several underwater applications. Surveillance is the most important feature of maritime warfare and is undertaken by active as well as passive sensors. Active methods of surveillance require acoustic transmissions to be made by the surveillance platform and hence susceptible to interception by others. Hence, in certain situations it becomes necessary to maintain silence on active mode. In the ocean environment, two dimensional bearings-only Target Motion Analysis (TMA) is generally used. In this paper, three-dimensional target motion analysis tracking an air target is implemented using Kalman filter. This is an extension of TMA tracking from a two-dimensional to three-dimensional scenario.