International Journal of Earth Sciences and Engineering

M. C. Choudhary ¹, Vanita Aggarwal ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Civil Engineering, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, IN

Abstract

Precast cement concrete paver blocks are used for road surfacing. The performance of road surfacing is better than asphalt and rigid concrete pavements. These are made as small elements from plain cement concrete with zero slumps. An attempt has been made to replace OPC by fly ash for manufacture of paver blocks of M35 grade with thickness 60mm and 80mm. Fly ash is a byproduct of thermal power plant which is a waste material. OPC has been replaced by fly ash in varying proportions of 0%, 20%, 30% and 40%. This paper presents the study of compressive strength and flexural strength of paver blocks and it was found that 30% of OPC replacement by fly ash is optimum.

Keywords

Compressive Strength, Flexural Strength, Fly Ash, OPC, Paver Blocks.

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M. Anwar Khwaja ¹, Vanita Aggarwal ¹, G. S. Bhattacharya ¹, Chadetrik Rout ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Civil Engineering, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, IN

Abstract

The present study attempts to assess the groundwater quality of Hapur city, Uttar Pradesh. Groundwater samples were collected from 20 shallow wells and analyzed for physico-chemical characteristics. Water quality index (WQI) was calculated to show the overall water quality status in a single term. The results of this study revealed that the concentration of alkalinity, total dissolved solids, total hardness, nitrate, fluoride and chlorides is higher than the permissible limits as prescribed by the Bureau of Indian standards. The WQI for all samples were found in the range of 12 to 211. This study indicates that the drinking water of the city do not conform to the recommended standards and hence it is suggested to take rational steps to manage water quality in this region before it becomes a crisis, as this will affect the economy and will also lead to various water-borne diseases.

Keywords

Physico-Chemical Parameters, Groundwater, Water Quality Index, Rain Water Harvesting.

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