International Journal of Earth Sciences and Engineering

H. B. Jagadeesh ¹, Subba Rao ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Applied Mechanics & Hydraulics, NITK, Surathkal, IN
2 Department of Applied Mechanics & Hydraulics, National Institute of Technology Karnataka (NITK), Surathkal, IN

Abstract

Development of small craft berths in a port basin is necessary to accommodate berthing of small crafts, which are the integral part of port day to day operation facilities. At many major and medium ports even though port are in operation for a long period of time no exclusive berthing facilities are created for small crafts. In the absence of exclusive berthing facilities these small crafts are generally accommodated near the port dock arms where main cargo traffic are handballed. This causes traffic hindrance and also increases chances of collision of vessels. In order to avoid this it is desirable to develop exclusive berthing facilities within the port area. It is possible to develop small craft berths at the areas where it’s not suitable to develop facilities for port main traffic thus without affecting the port revenue. Spending beaches within the port areas are the one of such locations which can be used effectively for these types of developments without losing the beneficial effects of the beach. Hydraulic physical model studies conducted for the development of small craft vessel berthing at New Mangalore Port is explained in this paper. Through model studies it was suggested to develop berths without loss of the spending beach by providing berthing structures with pilled jetty without removal of the beach by extending the jetties in the water front of port basin. The orientation of the pilled jetty berths were kept perpendicular to wave crest at this location to ensure maximum comforts for the berthed vessels. Since the selected location is directly exposed to harbour entrance, during storm it is suggested to berth these small craft vessels at dock arms. This is only for a brief period for about 10 days during South-West monsoon season. Thus it is shown that it is possible to create berthing facilities for small craft vessels within the harbour in areas which are not suitable for development of commercial berths.

Keywords

Small Craft Berth, Spending Beach, Wave Tranquility, Pilled Jetty.

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Geetha Kuntoji ¹, Subba Rao ¹, Manu ¹, S. Mandal ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Applied Mechanics & Hydraulics, National Institute of Technology Karnataka (NITK), Surathkal, Srinivasnagar Post, Karnataka, IN
2 Department of Civil Engineering, PES University, Bengaluru, IN

Abstract

For decades, breakwaters played a vital role in the development of the port and which in turn assist in improving the economy of the country. Due to the development of industries and urbanization the coastal region is facing threat towards its normal and safe functioning. It challenges for the coastal engineers protect the environment and also support the urbanization in a protective way. Therefore, a need of protective structure along the coast arises. The tandem breakwater is one of the innovative types of structure, which consists of a conventional breakwater along with the submerged reef. It has been proved that submerged reef acts as a protective structure, when placed in-front of the conventional breakwater. The final geometry and the layout of tandem breakwater have been achieved through physical model studies. Support Vector Machine (SVM) which accounts for structural risk minimization compared to neural networks is used to model various problems of real time scenarios where mathematical modeling is difficult. By assigning appropriate weights, biases and e-insensitive loss function of the problem, SVM proves to be robust in addressing non-linear and non-stationary problems. In the present study SVM is applied to predict the damage level of the conventional breakwater of tandem breakwater. The experimental data available in the department of Applied Mechanics & Hydraulics are used for the analysis. Finally, comparison of the predicted damage level is made with the observed data of the experimental work using the statistical measures such as Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Correlation Coefficient (CC), Scatter Index (SI) and Nash Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE). It is observed that SVM technique using Radial basis kernel function (RBF) performed better with 0.9357 CC, 0.0765 RMSE, 0.5293 SI and 0.8327 NSE.

Keywords

Support Vector Machine, Conventional Rubble Mound Breakwater of Tandem Breakwater, Damage Level and Radial Basis Function, Kernel Functions.

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