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Purnachandra Rao, V.

Sources and Fate of Organic Matter in Suspended and Bottom Sediments of the Mandovi and Zuari Estuaries, Western India

Abstract Views :256 | PDF Views:84

Authors

R. Shynu ¹, V. Purnachandra Rao ¹, V. V. S. S. Sarma ², Pratima M. Kessarkar ¹, R. Mani Murali ¹

Affiliations
1 CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, IN
2 CSIR-NIO Regional Centre, 176, Lawsons Bay Colony, Visakhapatnam 530 017, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 108, No 2 (2015), Pagination: 226-238

Abstract

Organic carbon (OC), total nitrogen (TN) and stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic compositions were measured in suspended particulate matter (SPM) and surface sediment along estuaries of Mandovi and Zuari rivers, two small mountainous river systems in western India during wet and dry seasons, to characterize the sources of organic matter (OM) in these systems. Unlike major rivers, SPM concentrations increase seaward with a general trend of decreasing particulate organic carbon (POC) in these rivers, mostly due to the presence of estuarine turbidity maximum (ETM) located downstream of the estuaries. POC and particulate nitrogen (PN) were higher in the Mandovi than in the Zuari estuary. Except during wet season in the Mandovi, POC/PN and δ¹⁵N were altered by biogeochemical processes in both the estuaries and are not indicators of source organic matter. PN/POC and δ¹³C_org indicated the dominance of terrestrial plant-derived OM and terrestrial soil-derived OM respectively, in the Mandovi and Zuari estuaries during wet season. The δ¹³C_org versus salinity plot indicated increasing proportions of marine OM seaward in both estuaries during dry season. OC and TN in the sediments of both estuaries were much lower than in the overlying suspended matter. The mean δ¹³C_org in the sediment and SPM were similar in both the seasons in Mandovi and only during wet season in Zuari estuary. Uniform mean values of δ¹³C_org in the lower estuary and bay of Zuari indicated efficient mixing of sediments during wet season. Sediments with relatively high δ¹³C_org and low δ¹⁵N in the upper estuary of Zuari were related to anthropogenic contamination by sewage effluents during dry season. It is estimated that each river contributed at least ~20% terrestrial organic carbon (TOC) to the coastal system during wet season and received similar quantity of TOC during dry season. Since there are more than 10,000 small rivers originating from monsoon- dominated and/or mountainous regions globally, it must be appreciated that their total TOC contribution to the coastal system must be substantial.

Keywords

Carbon And Nitrogen Isotopes, Estuaries, Sediments, Suspended Particles.

Full Text

Spatial Distribution of Suspended Particulate Matter in the Mandovi and Zuari Estuaries:Inferences on the Estuarine Turbidity Maximum

Evidence for Underwater Current Activity on the Upper Slope of the Carbonate Platform off Western India using Multibeam Bathymetry

Abstract Views :233 | PDF Views:82

Authors

B. Chakraborty ¹, V. Purnachandra Rao ¹, Tejas Salkar ¹, Vasudev P. Mahale ¹, John Kurien ²

Affiliations
1 CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa 403 004, IN
2 ESSO-National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research, Sada, Vasco-da-Gama 403 804, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 116, No 5 (2019), Pagination: 711-713

Abstract

The carbonate platform examined in this study is on the outer continental shelf of the northwestern margin of India at water depths between 60 and 90 m (Figure 1). It is located off the Narmada and Tapi rivers, which debouch abundant terrigenous sediments and freshwater onto the coast. Despite abundant terrigenous material expected on the platform, it comprises <10% terrigenous sediments but abundant carbonate sediments.

Full Text

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Rare Earth Elements of Sediments in Rivers and Estuaries of the East Coast of India

Abstract Views :250 | PDF Views:101

Authors

Shaik Sai Babu ¹, R. Venkata Ramana ¹, V. Purnachandra Rao ¹, M. Ram Mohan ², S. Sawant ², N. Satyasree ¹, A. Keshav Krishna ²

Affiliations
1 Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology and Research, Deemed to be Vignan’s Univesity, Vadlamudi 522 213, IN
2 CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 120, No 3 (2021), Pagination: 519-537

Abstract

The rare earth elements (REE) in the clay fraction of sediments in 15 rivers and their estuaries along the east coast of India were analysed in this study. The total REE content (ΣREE) varied from 130.98 to 289.85 μg/g and from 70.89 to 352.61 μg/g in rivers and estuaries respectively. The ΣREEs of estuarine clays (except the Brahmani and Baitarani) was lower than in rivers. The Post-Archean average Australian Shale-normalized REE patterns in rivers and estuaries were similar and categorized into three types. The REE patterns reflect the composition of dominant geological formations in river basins and extent of sediment mixing from different sources during transport. Hydrodynamic conditions controlled the abundance and fractionation of REE in the estuaries. The Sm/Nd ratios of clays were largely controlled by mineral composition and Y/Ho ratios were affected by sedimentary processes in the estuaries.

Keywords

Estuaries, Rare Earth Elements, Rivers, Sediments, Volcanic Rocks.

Full Text

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