Refine your search
Collections
Journals
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Bose, Suryasarathi
- Biopolymer Based Hydrogels for Arsenic Removal
Abstract Views :321 |
PDF Views:86
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560 012, IN
1 Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560 012, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 118, No 10 (2020), Pagination: 1540-1546Abstract
Water contamination by arsenic has led to serious human-health hazards. Millions of people die every year in several countries of the world because of arsenic-rich groundwater. To date, adsorption by activated carbon, iron-basedadsorbents, zeolite and hydrogels have been widely used for arsenic-ion removal. Among these, adsorption by renewable resource-based hydrogels has ignited great interest because of biocompatibility, biodegradability, low cost and non-toxicity properties. This article discusses the biopolymer-based hydrogels like cellulose, chitin, pectin and chitosan for arsenic removal. It also discusses the arsenic chemistry, health hazards caused by arsenic, pros and cons of various techniques used for arsenic removal and different mechanisms involved in arsenic adsorption. Though hydrogels are capable of bringing down the arsenic level below the WHO limit, their reusability, recovery of industrially important metal ions from hydrogels and the mechanical stability of hydrogels under harsh conditions should be given more focus in future research.Keywords
Adsorption, Arsenic, Biopolymer, Hydrogels, Reusability.Full Text
References
- Sohel, N., Persson, L. Å., Rahman, M., Streatfield, P. K., Yunus, M., Ekström, E.-C. and Vahter, M., Arsenic in drinking water and adult mortality: a population-based cohort study in rural Bangladesh. Epidemiology, 2009, 20(6), 824–830.
- Ungureanu, G., Santos, S., Boaventura, R. and Botelho, C., Arse-nic and antimony in water and wastewater: overview of removal techniques with special reference to latest advances in adsorption.J. Environ. Manage., 2015, 151, 326–342.
- Mohan, D. and Pittman, C. U., Arsenic removal from water/ wastewater using adsorbents – a critical review. J. Hazardous Mater., 2007, 142(1), 1–53.
- Yogarajah, N. and Tsai, S. S., Detection of trace arsenic in drinking water: challenges and opportunities for microfluidics.Environ. Sci.: Water Res. Technol., 2015, 1(4), 426–447.
- Chatterjee, S. and De, S., Adsorptive removal of arsenic from groundwater using a novel high flux polyacrylonitrile (PAN)– laterite mixed matrix ultrafiltration membrane. Environ. Sci.: Water Res. Technol., 2015, 1(2), 227–243.
- Vasudevan, S., Mohan, S., Sozhan, G., Raghavendran, N. S. and Murugan, C. V., Studies on the oxidation of As(III) to As(V) by in-situ-generated hypochlorite. Indus. Eng. Chem. Res., 2006, 45(22), 7729–7732.
- Singh, R., Singh, S., Parihar, P., Singh, V. P. and Prasad, S. M., Arsenic contamination, consequences and remediation techniques: a review. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Safety, 2015, 112, 247– 270.
- Mondal, M. K. and Garg, R., A comprehensive review on removal of arsenic using activated carbon prepared from easily available waste materials. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., 2017, 1–12.
- Smedley, P. and Kinniburgh, D., A review of the source, behaviour and distribution of arsenic in natural waters. Appl.Geochem., 2002, 17(5), 517–568.
- Hsueh, Y.-M., Cheng, G., Wu, M., Yu, H., Kuo, T. and Chen, C.J., Multiple risk factors associated with arsenic-induced skin cancer: effects of chronic liver disease and malnutritional status.Br. J. Cancer, 1995, 71(1), 109.
- Maharjan, M., Watanabe, C., Ahmad, S. A. and Ohtsuka, R., Arsenic contamination in drinking water and skin manifestations in lowland Nepal: the first community-based survey. Am. J. Trop.Med. Hygiene, 2005, 73(2), 477–479.
- USEPA, A., Final rule. Federal Register, 2001, 66(14), 6976– 7066.
- Barakat, M., New trends in removing heavy metals from industrial wastewater. Arab. J. Chem., 2011, 4(4), 361–377.
- Chen, Y., Chen, L., Bai, H. and Li, L., Graphene oxide–chitosan composite hydrogels as broad-spectrum adsorbents for water purification. J. Mater. Chem.A, 2013, 1(6), 1992–2001.
- Ali, I., New generation adsorbents for water treatment. Chem.Rev., 2012, 112(10), 5073–5091.
- Han, C., Li, H., Pu, H., Yu, H., Deng, L., Huang, S. and Luo, Y., Synthesis and characterization of mesoporous alumina and their performances for removing arsenic (V). Chem. Eng. J., 2013, 217, 1–9.
- Sun, X., Hu, C., Hu, X., Qu, J. and Yang, M., Characterization and adsorption performance of Zr‐doped akaganéite for efficient arsenic removal. J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol., 2013, 88(4), 629– 635.
- Srivastava, V. C., Mall, I. D. and Mishra, I. M., Adsorption of toxic metal ions onto activated carbon: Study of sorption behaviour through characterization and kinetics. Chem. Eng. Proc.: Proc.Intensification, 2008, 47(8), 1269–1280.
- Erdem, E., Karapinar, N. and Donat, R., The removal of heavy metal cations by natural zeolites. J. Colloid Interf. Sci., 2004, 280(2), 309–314.
- Kandile, N. G. and Nasr, A. S., Environment friendly modified chitosan hydrogels as a matrix for adsorption of metal ions, synthesis and characterization. Carbohydrate Polym., 2009, 78(4), 753–759.
- Sudhavani, T., Reddy, N. S., Rao, K. M., Rao, K., Ramkumar, J.and Reddy, A., Development of thiourea-formaldehyde crosslinked chitosan membrane networks for separation of Cu(II) and Ni(II) ions. Bull. Korean Chem. Soc., 2013, 34(5), 1513–1520.
- Vani, T. S., Reddy, N. S., Reddy, P. R., Rao, K. K., Ramkumar, J. and Reddy, A., Synthesis, characterization, and metal uptake capacity of a new polyaniline and poly (acrylic acid) grafted sodium alginate/gelatin adsorbent. Desalin. Water Treat., 2014, 52(1–3), 526–535.
- Li, N. and Bai, R., Copper adsorption on chitosan–cellulose hydrogel beads: behaviors and mechanisms. Separat. Purificat. Technol., 2005, 42(3), 237–247.
- Geckeler, K. E., Polymer-metal complexes for environmental protection. Chemoremediation in the aqueous homogeneous phase.Pure Appl. Chem., 2001, 73(1), 129–136.
- Boddu, V. M., Abburi, K., Talbott, J. L., Smith, E. D. and Haasch, R., Removal of arsenic (III) and arsenic (V) from aqueous medium using chitosan-coated biosorbent. Water Res., 2008, 42(3), 633–642.
- Elvira, C., Mano, J., San Roman, J. and Reis, R., Starch-based biodegradable hydrogels with potential biomedical applications as drug delivery systems. Biomaterials, 2002, 23(9), 1955–1966.
- Yetimoğlu, E. K., Kahraman, M., Ercan, Ö., Akdemir, Z. and Apohan, N. K., N-vinylpyrrolidone/acrylic acid/2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid based hydrogels: synthesis, characterization and their application in the removal of heavy metals. React. Funct. Polym., 2007, 67(5), 451–460.
- Li, X., Li, Y., Zhang, S. and Ye, Z., Preparation and characterization of new foam adsorbents of poly (vinyl alcohol)/chitosan composites and their removal for dye and heavy metal from aqueous solution. Chem. Eng. J., 2012, 183, 88–97.
- Das, D. and Pal, S., Modified biopolymer-dextrin based cross-linked hydrogels: application in controlled drug delivery. RSC Adv., 2015, 5(32), 25014–25050.
- Yetimoğlu, E. K., Kahraman, M., Ercan, Ö., Akdemir, Z. and Apohan, N. K., N-vinylpyrrolidone/acrylic acid/2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid based hydrogels: synthesis, characterization and their application in the removal of heavy metals. React. Funct. Polym., 2007, 67(5), 451–460.
- Vashist, A., Vashist, A., Gupta, Y. and Ahmad, S., Recent advances in hydrogel based drug delivery systems for the human body. J. Mater. Chem. B, 2014, 2(2), 147–166.
- Peppas, N., Bures, P., Leobandung, W. and Ichikawa, H., Hydrogels in pharmaceutical formulations. Eur. J. Pharmaceut. Biopharm., 2000, 50(1), 27–46.
- Van Vlierberghe, S., Dubruel, P.and Schacht, E., Biopolymer-based hydrogels as scaffolds for tissue engineering applications: a review. Biomacromolecules, 2011, 12(5), 1387–1408.
- Su, F., Zhou, H., Zhang, Y. and Wang, G., Three-dimensional honeycomb-like structured zero-valent iron/chitosan composite foams for effective removal of inorganic arsenic in water. J. Colloid Interf. Sci., 2016, 478, 421–429.
- Dambies, L., Guibal, E. and Roze, A., Arsenic (V) sorption on molybdate-impregnated chitosan beads. Colloid. Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Asp., 2000, 170(1), 19–31.
- Nata, I. F., Sureshkumar, M. and Lee, C.-K., One-pot preparation of amine-rich magnetite/bacterial cellulose nanocomposite and its application for arsenate removal. RSC Adv., 2011, 1(4), 625–631.
- Sanyang, M., Ghani, W. A. W. A. K., Idris, A. and Ahmad, M. B., Hydrogel biochar composite for arsenic removal from wastewater. Desalin. Water Treat., 2016, 57(8), 3674–3688.
- Marques Neto, J. D. O., Bellato, C. R., Milagres, J. L., Pessoa, K. D. and Alvarenga, E. S. D., Preparation and evaluation of chitosan beads immobilized with Iron(III) for the removal of As(III) and As (V) from water. J. Braz. Chem. Soc., 2013, 24(1), 121–132.
- Kumar, A. A. et al., Confined metastable 2‐line ferrihydrite for affordable point‐of‐use arsenic‐free drinking water. Adv. Mater., 2017, 29(7).
- Chowdhury, M. N. K., Ismail, A. F., Beg, M. D. H., Hegde, G. and Gohari, R. J., Polyvinyl alcohol/polysaccharide hydrogel graft materials for arsenic and heavy metal removal. New J. Chem., 2015, 39(7), 5823–5832.
- Ramos, M. L. P., González, J. A., Albornoz, S. G., Pérez, C. J., Villanueva, M. E., Giorgieri, S. A. and Copello, G. J., Chitin hydrogel reinforced with TiO2nanoparticles as an arsenic sorbent. Chem. Eng. J., 2016, 285, 581–587.
- Sanyang, M. L., Ghani, W. A. W. A. K., Idris, A. and Ahmad, M. B., Hydrogel biochar composite for arsenic removal from wastewater. Desalin. Water Treat., 2016, 57(8), 3674–3688.
- Hao, L., Wang, P. and Valiyaveettil, S., Successive extraction of As(V), Cu(II) and P(V) ions from water using spent coffee powder as renewable bioadsorbents. Sci. Rep., 2017, 7.
- Ye, S., Jin, W., Huang, Q., Hu, Y., Shah, B. R., Liu, S., Li, Y. and Li, B., Fabrication and characterization of KGM-based FMBO-containing aerogels for removal of arsenite in aqueous solution. RSC Adv., 2015, 5, 41877–41886.
- Meng, L. D., Wu, M., Tian, Y., Kuga, S. and Huang, Y., Absorption behavior of a modified cellulose hydrogel for both fluoride and arsenic. Adv. Mater. Res., 2013, 726–731, 733–738.
- El-Sherbiny, I. M., Abdel-Hamid, M. I., Rashad, M., Ali, A. S. M. and Azab, Y. A., New calcareous soil–alginate composites for efficient uptake of Fe(III), Mn(II) and As(V) from water. Carbohydr. Polym., 2013, 96, 450–459.
- Evolution of Personal Protective Equipment from its Inception to COVID-19
Abstract Views :176 |
PDF Views:82
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560 012, IN
1 Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560 012, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 120, No 7 (2021), Pagination: 1169-1183Abstract
A bizarre illness, identified in a group of patients with respiratory problems in Wuhan, China; was then ascertained as the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19) – that proliferated into a global pandemic, with lakhs of people getting infected per day. Given this pandemic situation, there is a need globally for the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) to protect oneself from getting infected by the disease. This is very much critical in the healthcare sector as healthcare units like hospitals and clinics might act as potential epicentres for the spread of a disease and cause the healthcare workers to act as vehicles for disease transmission. Given this context, this review article primely focuses on the different ways to prevent transmission of virus and the different PPE that exist in the market. The various anti-viral technologies which are currently available in the market to tackle SARS-CoV-2 have been described along with few interesting literature which can be looked upon to develop anti-viral PPE that can be effective against enveloped viruses like the current SARS-CoV-2.Keywords
Antiviral Technologies, COVID-19, Healthcare Workers, Nosocomial Infections.Full Text
References
- Khedkar, P. H. and Patzak, A., SARS-CoV-2: what do we know so far? Acta Physiol., 2020, e13470; doi:10.1111/apha.13470.
- FDA, Personal protective equipment for infection control. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/general-hospitaldevices-and-supplies/personal-protective-equipment-infectioncontrol (accessed on 15 May 2020).
- van Doremalen, N. et al., Aerosol and surface stability of SARSCoV2 as compared with SARS-CoV-1. New Eng. J. Med., 2020, 382, 1564–1567.
- Casanova, L., Rutala, W. A., Weber, D. J. and Sobsey, M. D., Coronavirus survival on healthcare personal protective equipment. Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol., 2010, 31, 560–561.
- Smith, J. S. et al., Effect of various decontamination procedures on disposable N95 mask integrity and SARS-CoV-2 infectivity. medRxiv, 2020; 2020.04.11.20062331. doi:10.1101/2020.04.11.20062331.
- Sportelli, M. C. et al., Can nanotechnology and materials science help the fight against SARS-CoV-2? Nanomaterials, 2020, 10, 802.
- Fishman, N. and Calfee, D. P., Prevention and Control of Health Care – Associated Infections. Goldman’s Cecil Medicine: Twenty Fourth Edition, Elsevier Inc., 2011, 2.
- Otaiza, F., Orsini, M. and Pohlenz, M., Prevention and control of healthcare associated infections. Basic Recommendations, 2018.
- Respiratory protection | Fact sheets | Publications and products | TB | CDC. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/tb/publications/ factsheets/prevention/rphcs.htm (accessed on 15 May 2020).
- Belkin, N. L., The evolution of the surgical mask: filtering efficiency versus effectiveness. Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol., 1997, 18, 49–57.
- Madsen, P. O. and Madsen, R. E., A study of disposable surgical masks. Am. J. Surg., 1967, 114, 431–435.
- How surgical masks are made, tested and used. Available at: https://www.thomasnet.com/articles/other/how-surgical-masks-aremade/ (accessed on 17 May 2020).
- Smith, J. D. et al., Effectiveness of N95 respirators versus surgical masks in protecting health care workers from acute respiratory infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Can. Med. Assoc. J., 2016, 188, 567–574.
- Surgical face masks in modern operating rooms – a costly and unnecessary ritual? J. Hosp. Infect., 1991, 18, 239–242.
- Brosseau, L., Ann, R. B. and ScD. Blogs | CDC, N95 respirators and surgical masks. Available at: https://blogs.cdc.gov/nioshscienceblog/2009/10/14/n95/ (accessed on 18 May 2020).
- CDC, NIOSH and NPPTL. Infographic – understanding the difference, Surgical mask, N95 respirator.
- Surgical masks, respirators, barrier masks: which masks actually protect against coronavirus? MedicalExpo e-Magazine. Available at: http://emag.medicalexpo.com/which-masks-actually-protectagainstcoronavirus/ (accessed on 16 May 2020).
- Respirators – Respirators versus surgical masks: OSH answers. Available at: https://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/prevention/ppe/ surgical_mask.html (accessed on 16 May 2020).
- Sterile vs non-sterile gloves. Available at: https://glovenation.com/blogs/default-blog/sterile-vs-non-sterile-gloves (accessed on 25 May 2020).
- Quill.com, Exam gloves vs surgical gloves: what’s the difference? Available at: https://www.quill.com/content/index/resource-center/healthcare/exam-surgical-gloves/default.cshtml (accessed on 25 May 2020).
- USA Medical and Surgical Supplies, 8 Things to consider when buying surgical gloves. Available at: https://www.usamedicalsurgical.com/blog/8-things-to-consider-when-buying-surgicalgloves/ (accessed on 25 May 2020).
- Lathan, S. R., Caroline Hampton Halsted: the first to use rubber gloves in the operating room. Baylor Univ. Med. Cent. Proc., 2010, 23, 389–392.
- Biotechnology Innovation, Latex Gloves. Available at: http:// biotechnology-innovation.com.au/innovations/instruments/latex_ gloves.html (accessed on 23 May 2020).
- FDA proposes ban of powdered medical gloves. Available at: https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/860722?nlid=102645_3901&src=wnl_newsalrt_160321_MSCPEDIT&uac=28013DZ&impID=1031379&faf=1 (accessed on 23 May 2020).
- FDA bans most powdered gloves. Available at: https://www.ada.org/en/publications/ada-news/2016-archive/december/fda-bansmostpowdered-gloves (accessed on 23 May 2020).
- Hourglass International, Inc. Powder-free exam glove choices – chlorinated vs polymer-coated. Available at: https://hourglassintl.com/2015/05/18/powder-free-exam-glove-choices-chlorinatedvspolymer-coated/ (accessed on 23 May 2020).
- GW, G., ‘Hand in glove’: a centennial observation on the surgical use of rubber gloves. South. Med. J., 1991, 84, 1012–1017.
- Ellis, H., Evolution of the surgical glove. J. Am. Coll. Surg., 2008, 207, 948–950.
- Serrano, C. W., Wright, J. W. and Newton, E. R., Surgical glove perforation in obstetrics. Obstet. Gynecol., 1991, 77, 525–528.
- Karkera, P., Pinto, A., Ramchandra, M., Thakur, A. and D’Souza, F., Unnoticed glove perforation during surgery: single gloves versus double gloves. Saudi Surg. J., 2014, 2, 47.
- AvaCare Medical. Disposable gloves guide. Nitrile vs latex vs Vinyl. Available at: https://avacaremedical.com/medical-glovesguide (accessed on 24 May 2020).
- B4 Brands. Latex vs nitrile vs vinyl Gloves...which to choose? Available at: https://b4brands.com/blog/latex-vs-nitrile-vs-vinylgloveswhich-to-choose/ (accessed on 24 May 2020).
- Westlab. Nitrile vs latex vs vinyl gloves. Available at: https://www.westlab.com/blog/2017/08/17/nitrile-vs-latex-vs-vinylgloves (accessed on 24 May 2020).
- Heese, A., Hintzenstern, J. V., Peters, K. P., Koch, H. U. and Hornstein, O. P., Allergic and irritant reactions to rubber gloves in medical health services: spectrum, diagnostic approach, and therapy. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol., 1991, 25, 831–839.
- Taylor, P., Chemical Allergy Masquerade.
- Tanner, J. and Parkinson, H., Double gloving to reduce surgical cross-infection. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev., 2009; doi:10.1002/ 14651858.CD003087.pub2
- Mischke, C., Verbeek, J. H., Saarto, A., Lavoie, M. C., Pahwa, M. and Ijaz, S., Gloves, extra gloves or special types of gloves for preventing percutaneous exposure injuries in healthcare personnel. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev., 2014, 3, CD009573; doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009573.pub2. PMID: 24610769.
- Korniewicz, D. M., Advantages and disadvantages of non-latex surgical gloves advantages and disadvantages of non-latex surgical gloves. Business Briefing: Global Surgery, 2005.
- Lovitt, S. A., Nichols, R. L., Smith, J. W., Muzik, A. C. and Pearce, P. F., Isolation gowns: a false sense of security? Am. J. Infect. Control, 1992, 20, 185–191.
- FDA, Medical gowns. FDA. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/personal-protective-equipment-infection-control/medical-gowns (accessed on 26 May 2020).
- Leonas, K. K., Transmission of small particles through selected surgical gown fabrics. In Proceedings of the Largest International Nonwovens Technical Conference, Assoc Nonwoven Fabrics Ind, 1998; doi:10.1177/1558925099os-800116.
- Siegel, J. D., Rhinehart, E., Jackson, M. and Chiarello, L., Guideline for isolation precautions: preventing transmission of infectious agents in health care settings. Am. J. Infect. Control, 2007, 35(Suppl. 2), S65–S164.
- Neely, A. N. and Maley, M. P., A survey of Gram-negative bacteria survival on hospital fabrics and plastics. J. Burn Care Rehabil., 2000, 21, 523–527.
- Hatch, K. L., Textile Science, West Publishing Co, MN, USA, 1993.
- Li, Y. and Wang, Z., Mathematical simulation of dynamic coupled heat and liquid moisture transfer in multilayer anisotropic porous polymers. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2004, 94, 1590–1605.
- Laufman, H., Eudy, W. W., Vandernoot, A. M., Harris, C. A. and Liu, D., Strike through of moist contamination by woven and nonwoven surgical materials. Ann. Surg., 1975, 181, 857–862.
- Moylan, J. A., Fitzpatrick, K. T. and Davenport, K. E., Reducing wound infections: improved gown and drape barrier performance. Arch. Surg., 1987, 122, 152–157.
- Selection and use of protective apparel and surgical drapes in healthcare facilities, 2005.
- DiGiacomo, J. C., Odom, J. W., Ritota, P. C. and Swan, K. G., Cost containment in the operating room: use of reusable versus disposable clothing – PubMed. Am. Surg., 1992, 58, 654– 656.
- Global surgical gown market is expected to grow with a CAGR of 4.6% over the forecast period from 2018–2024. Available at: https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/global-surgical-gownmarketis-expected-to-grow-with-a-cagr-of-4-6-over-the-forecastperiodfrom-2018-2024--301006056.html (accessed on 28 May 2020).
- Dais announces plans to use its patented aqualyte advanced nanomaterial to immobilize a wide range of bacteria and viruses, including coronaviruses. Available at: https://apnews.com/ NewMediaWire/150cb55908534590a12c0b6da8603d58 (accessed on 30 May 2020).
- HeiQ, Textile treatment effective against corona virus. Available at: https://www.techtextrends.com/news/chemicals-and-textileauxiliaries/HeiQ-Textile-treatment-effective-against-coronavirus-20295 (accessed on 22 May 2020).
- Devan offers antiviral solutions for textiles – Fibre2Fashion. Available at: https://www.fibre2fashion.com/news/textile-news/devan-offers-antiviral-solutions-for-textiles-266052-newsdetails.htm (accessed on 22 May 2020).
- OEM Update. Preventing the spread of COVID-19 through touch with anti-viral surface coating. Available at: https://www.oemupdate.com/case-study/preventing-the-spread-of-covid-19through-touch-with-anti-viral-surface-coating/ (accessed on 30 May 2020).
- Technical overview | Anti-viral and anti-bacterial technology Cufitec®｜Product and service | NBC Meshtec Inc. The most advanced mesh technology in the world. Available at: http://www.nbc-jp.com/eng/product/cufitec/technology.html#resin (accessed on 22 May 2020).
- New antiviral textile finish could reduce the spread of disease. Sourcing Journal. Available at: https://sourcingjournal.com/topics/raw-materials/new-antiviral-textile-finish-reduce-spreaddisease7237/ (accessed on 22 May 2020).
- IIT Guwahati researchers develop affordable antimicrobial spraybased coating for PPE. The Economic Times. Available at: https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/science/iit-guwahati-researchersdevelop-affordable-antimicrobial-spray-based-coating-forppe/articleshow/75119890.cms (accessed on 22 May 2020).
- £7 antiviral spray that could ‘protect surfaces from coronavirus for 90 days’ goes on sale in Hong Kong. The Sun. Available at: https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/11495167/antiviral-spray-protectsurfacesfrom-coronavirus-90-days-on-sale/ (accessed on 22 May 2020).
- ISRAEL21c. New antiviral masks from Israel may help stop deadly coronavirus. Available at: https://www.israel21c.org/newantiviralmasks-from-israel-may-help-stop-deadly-virus/ (accessed on 22 May 2020).
- Warnes, S. L., Little, Z. R. and Keevil, C. W., Human coronavirus 229E remains infectious on common touch surface materials. MBio, 2015, 6.
- Khodashenas, B. and Ghorbani, H. R., Synthesis of copper nanoparticles: An overview of the various methods. Korean J. Chem. Eng., 2014, 31, 1105–1109.
- Fujimori, Y. et al., Novel antiviral characteristics of nanosized copper(i) iodide particles showing inactivation activity against 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza virus. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2012, 78, 951–955.
- Sucipto, T. H. et al., Antiviral activity of copper(II) chloride dihydrate against dengue virus type-2 in vero cell. Indones. J. Trop. Infect. Dis., 2017, 6, 84.
- Iyigundogdu, Z. U., Demir, O., Asutay, A. B. and Sahin, F., Developing novel antimicrobial and antiviral textile products. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol., 2017, 181, 1155–1166.
- Shaligram, S. and Campbell, A., Toxicity of copper salts is dependent on solubility profile and cell type tested. Toxicol. Vitr., 2013, 27, 844–851.
- Kerry, R. G. et al., Nano-based approach to combat emerging viral (NIPAH virus) infection. Nanomed.: Nanotechnol. Biol. Med., 2019, 18, 196–220.
- Di Gianvincenzo, P. et al., Gold nanoparticles capped with sulfate-ended ligands as anti-HIV agents. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 2010, 20, 2718–2721.
- Bright, K. R., Sicairos-Ruelas, E. E., Gundy, P. M. and Gerba, C. P., Assessment of the antiviral properties of zeolites containing metal ions. Food Environ. Virol., 2009, 1, 37–41.
- Davies, R. L. and Etris, S. F., The development and functions of silver in water purification and disease control. Catal. Today, 1997, 36, 107–114.
- Thurman, R. B. and Gerba, C. P., The molecular mechanisms of copper and silver ion disinfection of bacteria and viruses. Crit. Rev. Environ. Control, 1989, 18, 295–315.
- Palza, H., Nuñez, M., Bastías, R. and Delgado, K., In situ antimicrobial behavior of materials with copper-based additives in a hospital environment. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents, 2018, 51, 912– 917.
- Cioffi, N. et al., Bioactive metal nanomaterials stabilized by bioactive agents and preparation process, 2010.
- Chen, Y. N., Hsueh, Y. H., Hsieh, C. Te, Tzou, D. Y. and Chang, P. L., Antiviral activity of graphene–silver nanocomposites against non-enveloped and enveloped viruses. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 2016, 13; doi:10.3390/ijerph13040430.
- Ye, S. et al., Antiviral activity of graphene oxide: how sharp edged structure and charge matter. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2015, 7, 21578–21579.
- Bhattacharjee, S., Joshi, R., Chughtai, A. A. and Macintyre, C. R., Graphene modified multifunctional personal protective clothing. Adv. Mater. Interfaces, 2019, 6, 1900622.
- Perreault, F., De Faria, A. F., Nejati, S. and Elimelech, M., Antimicrobial properties of graphene oxide nanosheets: why size matters. ACS Nano, 2015, 9, 7226–7236.
- Hang, X. et al., Antiviral activity of cuprous oxide nanoparticles against hepatitis C virus in vitro. J. Virol. Methods, 2015, 222, 150–157.
- Łoczechin, A. et al., Functional carbon quantum dots as medical countermeasures to human coronavirus. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2019, 11, 42964–42974.
- Du, T. et al., Glutathione-capped Ag2S nanoclusters inhibit coronavirus proliferation through blockage of viral RNA synthesis and budding. ACS Appl. Mater. Interf., 2018, 10(5), 4369–4378; doi:10.1021/ACSAMI.7B13811
- Ting, D. et al., Multisite inhibitors for enteric coronavirus: antiviral cationic carbon dots based on curcumin. ACS Appl. Nano Mater., 2018, 1, 5451–5459.
- Tong, T. et al. Glycyrrhizic acid-based carbon dots with high antiviral activity by multisite inhibition mechanisms. Small, 2020, 16, 1906206.
- Zhu, B., Liu, G. L., Ling, F. and Wang, G. X., Carbon nanotubebased nanocarrier loaded with ribavirin against grass carpreovirus. Antiviral Res., 2015, 118, 29–38.
- Fanning, J. C. and Taylor, L. T., Some transition metal complexes of 8-aminoquinoline. J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem., 1965, 27, 2217–2223.
- Phopin, K. et al., Antimalarial and antimicrobial activities of 8aminoquinoline–uracils metal complexes. EXCLI J., 2016, 15; doi:10.17179/excli2016-101.
- Nagle, V., Gaikwad, M., Pawar, Y. and Dasgupta, S., Marine red alga Porphyridium sp. as a source of sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) for combating against COVID-19. Preprints, 2020.
- Quan, F. S., Rubino, I., Lee, S. H., Koch, B. and Choi, H. J., Universal and reusable virus deactivation system for respiratory protection. Sci. Rep., 2017, 7, 1–10.
- Rocky, M. M. H., Amzad, M., Bhuyan, H., Khan, R. and Akhtar, S., A simple homemade cloth mask for mass people in COVID19: salt-starching treatment on fabric for better bioaerosol filtration efficiency. 2020; doi:10.13140/RG.2.2.26003.91681
- Thormar, H., Isaacs, C. E., Brown, H. R., Barshatzky, M. R. and Pessolano, T., Inactivation of enveloped viruses and killing of cells by fatty acids and monoglycerides. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 1987, 31, 27–31.
- Fletcher, N. F. et al., A novel antiviral formulation inhibits a range of enveloped viruses. bioRxiv, 2020; 2020.03.29.009464. doi:10.1101/2020.03.29.009464
- Ekins, S., Williams, A., Baker, N. and Tropsha, A., OSF. Repurposing quaternary ammonium compounds as potential treatments for COVID-19. Available at: https://osf.io/qfc6h/ (accessed on 22 May 2020).
- Sportelli, M. C. et al., Electrochemical preparation of synergistic nanoantimicrobials. Molecules, 2020, 25; doi:10.3390/molecules25010049.
- Kandeel, M., Al-Taher, A., Park, B. K., Kwon, H. and Al-Nazawi, M., A pilot study of the antiviral activity of anionic and cationic polyamidoamine dendrimers against the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. J. Med. Virol., 2020; jmv.25928.doi:10.1002/jmv.25928
- Milewska, A. et al., Novel polymeric inhibitors of HCoV-NL63. Antiviral Res., 2013, 97, 112–121.
- Milewska, A. et al., HTCC: Broad range inhibitor of coronavirus entry. PLoS ONE, 2016, 11.
- Ciejka, J., Wolski, K., Nowakowska, M., Pyrc, K. and Szczubiałka, K., Biopolymeric nano/microspheres for selective and reversible adsorption of coronaviruses. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2017, C76, 735–742.
- Ren, T., Dormitorio, T. V., Qiao, M., Huang, T. S. and Weese, J., N-halamine incorporated antimicrobial nonwoven fabrics for use against avian influenza virus. Vet. Microbiol., 2018, 218, 78–83.
- Neenan, T. X., Harry Mandeville, W. and III, Antiviral polymers comprising acid functional groups and hydrophobic groups: Patent US6060235, PubChem. 2000.
- Tempesta, M. S., Methods for using proanthocyandn polymers having antiviral activity. 1996.
- Miki, M., Koichi, O. and Takakuwa Ryota, T., Antiviral agents, antiviral fibers and antiviral fiber structures. 2009.
- Si, Y. et al., Daylight-driven rechargeable antibacterial and antiviral nanofibrous membranes for bioprotective applications. Sci. Adv., 2018, 4, eaar5931.
- El-Atab, N., Qaiser, N., Badghaish, H. S., Shaikh, S. F. and Hussain, M. M., A flexible nanoporous template for the design and development of reusable anti-COVID-19 hydrophobic face masks. ACS Nano, 2020; acsnano.0c03976. doi:10.1021/acsnano.0c03976