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Hegde, Rajendra

Status of Soil Degradation in an Irrigated Command Area in Chikkarasinakere Hobli, Mandya District, Karnataka

Abstract Views :138 | PDF Views:26

Authors

Rajendra Hegde ¹, A. Natarajan ¹, R. S. Meena ², K. V. Niranjana ¹, S. Thayalan ¹, S. K. Singh ³

Affiliations
1 National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning (ICAR), Hebbal, Bengaluru 560 024, IN
2 National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning (ICAR), Udaipur, Rajastan 313 001, IN
3 National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning (ICAR), Amravathi Road, Nagpur 440 033, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 108, No 8 (2015), Pagination: 1501-1511

Abstract

Of late, the crop productivity levels in many irrigated command areas have plateaued or started declining rapidly due to the deterioration of soil health. Unscientific and excessive irrigation, growing crops not compatible with the soils and unscientific management of soils are the main causes for the present situation. Waterlogging, increased salinity/sodicity, nutrient imbalance, shrinking diversity of micro-flora and fauna have become major constraints limiting the choice of crop and crop productivity. We present a study on this issue from the Cauvery command area. Detailed cadastral-level survey taken up to study the status of soil and other resources occurring in Chikkarasinakere block of Mandya district, Karnataka during 2010 has brought out the alarming state of land degradation observed in the area. Nearly 59% of the area is suffering from various degrees of chemical and physical degradation. The situation becomes alarming because the area had well-drained red soils highly suitable for irrigated agriculture when irrigation was introduced during 1930s. The process of degradation will accelerate if appropriate interventions/investments are not undertaken on priority. Continuation of present management practices can rapidly damage the soil health. As the command area is one of the important rice bowls of Karnataka, there is an urgent need to reverse the process of degradation by adopting site-specific interventions as indicated in the study. The present study reveals that the Cauvery command are in Karnataka is losing Rs 1000 crores every year due to this problem.

Keywords

Crop Productivity, Irrigated Command Area, Nutrient Imbalance, Land Degradation, Soil Salinity/Alkalinity.

Full Text

Status of Desertification in South India – Assessment, Mapping and Change Detection Analysis

Abstract Views :124 | PDF Views:18

Authors

S. Dharumarajan ¹, M. Lalitha ¹, Rajendra Hegde ¹, N. Janani ¹, A. S. Rajawat ², K. L. N. Sastry ², S. K. Singh ³

Affiliations
1 ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Hebbal, Bengaluru - 560 024, IN
2 ISRO-Space Applications Centre, Ahmedabad - 380 015, IN
3 ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Amaravati Road, Nagpur - 440 033, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 115, No 2 (2018), Pagination: 331-338

Abstract

Desertification is the transformation of productive land into a non-productive one due to poor resource management, and unfavourable biophysical and economical factors. Periodical assessment of desertification status is imperative for a suitable comprehensive and combating plan. In the present study, desertification status maps of Andhra Pradesh (AP), Karnataka and Telangana in South India have been prepared using remote sensing data for two time-frames (2003– 2005 and 2011–2013) and change detection analysis has been carried out. The results reveal that 14.35%, 36.24% and 31.40% of the total geographical area in Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Telangana were affected by desertification processes respectively, in 2011–2013. Among the desertification processes, vegetal degradation contributes 7.27% of total area in AP, followed by water erosion (4.93%) and waterlogging (0.83%), whereas in Karnataka water erosion (26.29%) is dominant followed by vegetal degradation (8.93%) and salinization (0.45%). Change detection analysis shows that desertification processes of AP and Karnataka have increased by 0.19% and 0.05% respectively, whereas in Telangana it has decreased by about 0.52% from 2003 to 2005 data. The present database will help the scientists, planners and stakeholders to prepare appropriate land reclamation measures to control the increasing trend of desertification.

Keywords

Change Detection Analysis, Desertification, Salinization, Vegetal Degradation, Waterlogging.

Full Text

References

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Site-Specific Land Resource Inventory for Scientific Planning of Sujala Watersheds in Karnataka

Abstract Views :160 | PDF Views:15

Authors

Rajendra Hegde ¹, K. V. Niranjana ¹, S. Srinivas ¹, B. A. Danorkar ¹, S. K. Singh ²

Affiliations
1 ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, R.C. Bengaluru - 560 024, IN
2 ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Amravati Road, Nagpur - 440 033, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 115, No 4 (2018), Pagination: 644-652

Abstract

Land resource inventory for site-specific planning and development of watersheds on scientific basis under Sujala-III project sponsored by the Watershed Development Department of Karnataka and funded by the World Bank is being implemented in 11 districts covering 9.66 lakh ha across 2531 microwatersheds benefiting 7.02 lakh households in the state. The analysis and interpretation of the spatial and non-spatial database generated so far in 1600 microwatersheds covering 5 lakh ha has revealed that most of the watersheds suffer from major problems. In many watersheds, soil erosion and alkalinity affected even up to 75% of the watershed area, thus reducing the production potential and crop choices. The soils are either moderately or highly suited for growing most of the agricultural and horticultural crops. By interfacing land resource data with RS, GIS and GPS, different management scenarios were analysed to arrive at the best management alternatives (optimum land use plans) that would be most suitable. This data handling system will be useful for making land use decisions and providing proactive advice to farmers on a real time basis protecting the health of natural resources.

Keywords

Digital Library, Land Resource Inventory, Land Resources Portal, Land Resource Database Analysis and Interpretaion, Sujala-III Project.

Full Text

References

Rajendra, H., Natarajan, A. Meena, R. S. Niranjana, K. V. Thayalan, S. and Singh, S. K., Status of soil degradation in an irrigated command area in Chikkaharasinakere Hobli, Mandya district, Karanataka. Curr. Sci., 2015, 108(8), 1501–1511.

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Pedotransfer Functions for Predicting Soil Hydraulic Properties in Semi-Arid Regions of Karnataka Plateau, India

Abstract Views :92 | PDF Views:18

Authors

S. Dharumarajan ¹, Rajendra Hegde ¹, M. Lalitha ¹, B. Kalaiselvi ¹, S. K. Singh ²

Affiliations
1 ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Regional Centre, Hebbal, Bengaluru 560 024, IN
2 ICAR-National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Amaravati Road, Nagpur 440 033, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 116, No 7 (2019), Pagination: 1237-1246

Abstract

Soil hydraulic properties are important for irrigation scheduling and proper land-use planning. Field capacity, permanent wilting point and infiltration rate are the three vital hydraulic properties which determine the availability and retention of water for crop growth. These properties are difficult to measure and time-consuming, but can be easily predicted from the available information like soil texture, bulk density, organic carbon content, etc. through pedotransfer functions (PTFs). PTFs were developed for field capacity and permanent wilting point for two different regions of Karnataka, viz. Northern Karnataka Plateau (512 soil samples) and Southern Karnataka Plateau (228 soil samples), separately. PTF for infiltration rate was developed using 100 soil samples for the entire Karnataka. Cross-validation techniques were used to validate the PTFs, and the results are satisfactory with low RMSE and higher R². The developed PTFs are useful in determining soil hydraulic properties of the semi-arid regions of southern India.

Keywords

Pedotransfer Functions, Field Capacity, Permanent Wilting Point, Infiltration Rate, Semi-Arid Regions.

Full Text

References

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