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Venketeswara Pai, R.
- Measurement of Coordinates of Naksatras in Indian Astronomy
Abstract Views :232 |
PDF Views:69
Authors
Affiliations
1 Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune 411 008, IN
2 Jawaharlal Nehru Planetarium, High Grounds, Bengaluru 560 001, IN
1 Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune 411 008, IN
2 Jawaharlal Nehru Planetarium, High Grounds, Bengaluru 560 001, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 111, No 9 (2016), Pagination: 1551-1558Abstract
It is well known that ancient Indian calendar dwelled on the 27 nakśatra system for fixing the positions of the sun, moon and the planets. Several attempts to identify these 27 stars in the sky have yielded very precise results for stars bright enough not to be misidentified, which is not so for the fainter ones. The basis for identification is the coordinate system available in the texts. Here, we try to understand the ambiguity and offer a possible solution by using the measured coordinates, which have not been utilized for this purpose so far. This also provides clues on the techniques used for measuring the coordinates.Full Text
References
- Burgess, E., Surya Siddhanta – A Text Book of Hindu Astronomy, Motilal Banarasidas reprint, 1989 and Whitney Notes to Surya Siddhanta, Trans by Rev. E. Burgess Journal of American Oriental Society, VI, 1860, reprint Calcutta 1935, pp. 204–254.
- Abhyankar, K. D., Pre-Siddhantic Indian Astronomy, ISERVE, Hyderabad, 2002.
- Narahari Achar, B. N., 1999; http://www.ejvs.laurasianacademy.com/ejvs0502/ejvs0502.txt
- Pingree, D. and Morissey, P., J. History Astron., 1989, xx, 99–119.
- Saha, M. N. and Lahiri, N. C,, Indian Calendar, reprint 1992, CSIR, New Delhi, 1954, p. 263.
- Colebrook, H. T., Annual Report of the RAS, 1807, pp. 323–376.
- Pingree, D., Dictionary of Scientific Biography, 1978, vol. 15, pp. 533–633.
- Manuscript of Malayendu’s commentary on Yantrarája edited by Raivaka.
- Manuscript of Siddhátha Rája by Nityananda.
- Ohashi, Y., Astronomical Instruments in classical Siddhánthas, IJHS, 1994, 29.2, pp. 155–313.
- Venketeswara Pai, R., Ramasubramanian, K., Sriram, M. S. and Srinivas, M. D., KaraNapaddhati of Putumana SomayAji, with translation and detailed mathematical notes, 2015 (in press).
- Chandra Hari, Indian J. Hist. Sci., 2006, 41.1, 29–52.
- Middleton, J. J., J. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, 1840, VIII(94), 831–838.
- Plofker, K., J. Hist. Astron., 2000, 31, 37–54.
- Bhat, S., Private communication, 2013.
- Coding the Encoded:Automatic Decryption of kaTapayAdi and Aryabhata's Systems of Numeration
Abstract Views :247 |
PDF Views:86
Authors
Affiliations
1 School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, SASTRA University, Thanjavur-613 401, IN
2 Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune 411 008, IN
3 Department of Chemistry, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613 401, IN
1 School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, SASTRA University, Thanjavur-613 401, IN
2 Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune 411 008, IN
3 Department of Chemistry, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613 401, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 112, No 03 (2017), Pagination: 588-591Abstract
AryabhaTa's and kaTapayAdi systems of encoding numbers in Sanskrit words have been in vogue since antiquity in Indian science. The process of decryption and decoding such numbers from the verses has been achieved only manually hitherto. Automating this process has been the focus of this communication. The process of decryption was achieved using a code writ-ten in LabVIEW platform of programing.Keywords
Ancient Number Systems, Automatic Decryp-Tion, Encoding Numbers, Linguistic Phrases, Transliteration.Full Text
- Observational Records of Stars in Indian Astronomical Texts
Abstract Views :217 |
PDF Views:71
Authors
Affiliations
1 Jawaharlal Nehru Planetarium, High Grounds, Bengaluru - 560 001, IN
2 Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute for Science Education and Research, Pune - 411 008, IN
1 Jawaharlal Nehru Planetarium, High Grounds, Bengaluru - 560 001, IN
2 Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute for Science Education and Research, Pune - 411 008, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 115, No 3 (2018), Pagination: 570-573Abstract
In an effort to search observational records of stars in the Indian astronomical texts, we have compiled all bright stars in various texts from Suryasiddhanta to Siddhantadarpana by Candrasekhara Samanta of the 19th century, totalling to 106 based on the listed coordinates. Using the 27 naksatras on the ecliptic, used for fixing the position of the solar system bodies, the coordinates were matched for the epochs of the catalogues. This resolved some ambiguity with respect to the identification of faint stars and provided a means to extend the method to other stars outside the zodiac. We have specifically chosen those lists which are characterized by observations that are highlighted in the discussion. Our study reveals that a scale similar to the magnitude scale of brightness (currently in use) was in vogue. The origins of the names are also described.Full Text
References
- Burgess, E., 1860, Surya Siddhanta – A Text Book of Hindu Astronomy, Motilal Banarasidas reprint, 1989 and Whitney Notes to Surya Siddhanta, Transl by Rev. E. Burgess, Journal of American Oriental Society VI, 1860, reprint Calcutta 1935, pp. 204–254.
- Abhyankar, K. D., Pre-Siddhantic Indian Astronomy, ISERVE, Hyderabad, 2002.
- Chandra Hari, IJHS, 2006, 41.1, 29–52.
- Venketeswara Pai, R. and Shylaja, B. S., Curr. Sci., 2016, 111(9), 1551–1558.
- Colebrook, H. T., In Annual Report of the RAS, 1807, pp. 323–376.
- Pingree, D., History of mathematical astronomy in India. In Dictionary of Scientific Biography, 1978, vol. 15, pp. 533–633.
- Manuscript of Malayendu’s commentary on Yantraraja edited by Raivaka.
- Manuscript of Siddhatha Raja by Nityananda.
- Ohashi, Y., IJHS, 1994, 29.2, 155–313.
- Venketeswara Pai, R., Ramasubramanian, K., Sriram, M. S. and Srinivas, M.
- D., Karan apaddhati of Putumana Somayaji, with Translation and Detailed Mathematical Notes, Hindusthan Book Agency and Springer, 2017.
- Sarma, S. R., A Descriptive Catalogue of Indian Astronomical Instruments, 2017; http://www.srsarma.in/catalogue.php
- Middleton, J. J., J. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, 1840, VIII(94), 831–838.
- Padmaja, V., Balachndra Rao, S. and Uma, S. K., Grahalaghavam of Ganesha Daivajna, with English Exposition and Math. notes, INSA, New Delhi, 2006.
- Observational Records of Stars in Indian Texts – III (Gemini)
Abstract Views :217 |
PDF Views:75
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune 411 008, IN
2 Jawaharlal Nehru Planetarium, High Grounds, Bengaluru 560 001, IN
1 Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune 411 008, IN
2 Jawaharlal Nehru Planetarium, High Grounds, Bengaluru 560 001, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 117, No 8 (2019), Pagination: 1383-1386Abstract
In continuation of the compilation of all bright stars in various texts based on the listed coordinates, we present here the coordinates of the stars in the region of Gemini. Using the 27 nakṣatras on the ecliptic, the coordinates were matched for the epochs of the catalogues to resolve possible ambiguity in the identification of faint stars. In an attempt to cover the stars beyond the zodiac, conversions of coordinates are very useful. Those lists which hint at the actual observational data are chosen for the study. Although the region specified is Gemini, it covers all Declinations within the Right Ascension 4 hours to 6 hours.Full Text
References
- Pai, V. R. and Shylaja, B. S., Curr. Sci., 2016, 111, 1551–1558.
- Shylaja, B. S. and Pai, V. R., Curr. Sci., 2018, 115, 570–573.
- Shylaja, B. S. and Pai, V. R., In Growth and Development of Astronomy and Astrophysics in India and South Asia- Pacific Region (eds Orchiston, W., Sule, A. and Vahia, M. N.), Hindusthan Book Agency, 2018; Springer, 2019, pp. 54– 58.
- Pingree, D., Dict. Sci. Biogr., 1978, 15, 533–633.
- Raika, K. K., Edition of Yantrarāja and its Commentary by Malayendu Sūri, Nirnayasagar Press, Mumbai, 1936.
- Manuscript of Siddhātarāja/Sarvasiddhāntarāja by Nityānanda, Ms no. 206 of A.1883-84, Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute (BORI), Pune.
- Ohashi, Y., Indian J. Hist. Sci., 1994, 29(2), 155–313.
- Pai, V. R., Ramasubramanian, K., Sriram, M. S. and Srinivas, M. D., Karaṇapaddhati of Putumana Somayājī, With Translation and Detailed Mathematical Notes, Hindusthan Book Agency, 2017; Springer, 2018.
- Burgess, E., J. Am. Oriental Soc., 1860, 6, 141–498.
- Ray, J. C., Siddhāntadarpaṇa of Chandraśekhara Sāmanta, Institute of Orissan Culture, 1998.
- Sarma, S. R., 2018; https://srsarma.in/catalogue.php
- Ratnasree, N., Dasgupta, P. and Garg, A., In Growth and Development of Astronomy and Astrophysics in India and South Asia-Pacific Region (eds Orchiston, W., Sule, A. and Vahia, M. N.), Hindusthan Book Agency, 2018; Springer, 2019, pp. 17–33.
- Observational Records of Stars in Indian Astronomical Texts–IV (Cancer and Leo)
Abstract Views :226 |
PDF Views:66
Authors
Affiliations
1 Jawaharlal Nehru Planetarium, High Grounds, Bengaluru 560 001, IN
2 Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune 411 008, IN
1 Jawaharlal Nehru Planetarium, High Grounds, Bengaluru 560 001, IN
2 Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune 411 008, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 117, No 10 (2019), Pagination: 1744-1747Abstract
In an effort to search observational records of stars in Indian Astronomical texts, we have compiled all bright stars in various texts from Sūryasiddhānta to Siddhāntadarpaṇa by Candraśekhara Sāmanta of the 19th century. We have used the well-known 27 nakṣatras on the ecliptic for fixing the coordinates. This has resulted in unambiguous identification of faint stars. A scale similar to the magnitude scale of brightness in one of the texts has further helped in identifying the faint stars. Here we discuss the stars grouped under Cancer and Leo. It is interesting that Puṣya is described as one with the appearance of a cloud. Two names hitherto unknown and a mention of the pole of the ecliptic are also reported.Full Text
References
- Venketeswara Pai, R. and Shylaja, B. S., Curr. Sci., 2016, 111, 1551–1558.
- Burgess, E., J. Am. Orient. Soc., 1860, 6, 141–498.
- Abhyankar, K. D., Pre-Siddhantic Indian Astronomy, ISERVE, Hyderabad, 2002.
- Shylaja, B. S. and Venketeswara Pai, R., Curr. Sci., 2018, 115, 570–573.
- Colebrook, H. T., Annual Report of the Royal Astronomical Society, 1807, pp. 323–376.
- Ray, J. C., Siddhāntadarpaṇa of Chandraśekhara Sāmanta, Institute of Orissan Culture, Bhubhaneshwar, 1998.
- Pingree, D., In Dictionary of Scientific Biography, 1978, vol. 15, pp. 533– 633.
- Raika, K. K. Edition of Yantrarāja and its Commentary by Malayendu Sūri, Nirnayasagar Press, Mumbai, 1936.
- Manuscript of Siddhātarāja/Sarvasiddhāntarāja by Nityānanda, No. 206 of A.1883-84, Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, unpublished, Pune.
- Ohashi, Y., Indian J. Hist. Sci., 1994, 29(2), 155–313.
- Venketeswara Pai, R., Ramasubramanian, K., Sriram, M. S. and Srinivas, M. D., Karaṇapaddhati of Putumana Somayājī, with Translation and Detailed Mathematical Notes, Springer, Singapore, 2018.
- Venketeswara Pai, R. and Shylaja, B. S., Curr. Sci., 2019, 117(8), 1383–1386.
- Sarma, S. R., 2018; https://srsarma.in/catalogue.php
- Shylaja, B. S. and Venketeswara Pai, R., In Growth and Development of Astronomy and Astrophysics in India and South Asia-Pacific Region (eds Orchiston, W., Sule, A. and Vahia, M. N.), Hindusthan Book Agency, 2018, Springer, 2019, pp. 54–58.
- Liske, J. H., Lederle, T., Fricke, W. and Morando, B., Astron. Astrophys., 1977, 58, 1–16.
- The Indian Astronomical Ephemeris, Positional Astronomy Centre, Kolkata, 2019.