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Sinu, Palatty Allesh
- Flower Sex Expression in Cucurbit Crops of Kerala: Implications for Pollination and Fruitset
Abstract Views :339 |
PDF Views:144
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Animal Science, Central University of Kerala, Padannakad PO 671 314, IN
1 Department of Animal Science, Central University of Kerala, Padannakad PO 671 314, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 109, No 12 (2015), Pagination: 2299-2302Abstract
Cucurbits are monoecious in general; the female flowers occur lower than the male flowers in fields. Often farmers are not aware of this type of sex expression, and are concerned about the low fruit set despite 'profuse' flowering and abundant pollinators in the crop fields. We assessed flower sex expression during the peak (female) flowering and fruiting period in three widely grown cucurbit crops, Cucurbita maxima, Benincasa hispida and Momordica charantia in a village ecosystem of northern Kerala. Sex expression was male-biased in two species. In M. charantia, 97.65% of the flowers produced were staminate. In this condition, the farmers should ensure that effective pollinators are available in plenty to achieve maximum fruit set from the low number of pistillate flowers. C. maxima produced an average of 75.39% of staminate flowers, which varied across the fields; three fields consistently produced 100% pistillate flowers in all the 14 days of observations. The fruit set in fields with only pistillate flowers is likely to be affected by pollen limitation, rather than pollinator limitation. These fields may require supplementary manual pollination to enhance the fruit set. B. hispida produced more or less equal proportion of staminate and pistillate flowers across the fields and days studied. This kind of information may help the farmers to manage pollination services in their fields as well as to predict a realistic yield.Keywords
Benincasa hispida, Cucurbita maxima, Flower Sex Expression, Momordica charantia, Pollination.References
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- Bodlah, I. and Waqar, M., Pollinators visiting summer vegetables ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula), bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) and brinjal (Solanum melongena). Asian J. Biol., 2013, 1, 8–12.
- Kumar, P., Sundaravadivelan, B. S., Anburaj, J. and Kuberan, T., Insect visitors of pumpkin, Cucurbita maxima Duch., in relation to temperature and relative humidity. J. Agric. Technol., 2012, 8, 501–513.
- Malek, M. A. and Chowdhury, N. U., Effect of irrigation and pollination on the yield of pumpkin. J. Agrofor. Environ., 2011, 5, 41–44.
- Nidagundi, B. R. and Sattagi, H. N., Pollinator fauna and foraging activity of bees in bitter gourd. Karnataka J. Agric. Sci., 2005, 18, 982–985.
- Saeed, S., Malik, S. A., Dad, K., Sajjad, A. and Ali, M., In search of the best native pollinators for bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) pollination in Multan, Pakistan. Pak. J. Zool., 2012, 44, 1633–1641.
- Subhakar, G., Sreedevi, K., Manjula, K. and Reddy, N. P. E., Pollinator diversity and abundance in bitter gourd, Momordica charantia Linn. Pest Manage. Hortic. Ecosyst., 2012, 17, 23–27.
- Ashworth, L. and Galetto, L., Differential nectar production between male and female flowers in a wild cucurbit: Cucurbita maxima sp. andreana (Cucurbitaceae). Can. J. Bot., 2002, 80, 1203–1208.
- Hoehn, P., Tscharntke, T., Tylianakis, J. M. and SteffanDewenter, I., Functional group diversity of bee pollinators increases crop yield. Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. B., 2008, 275, 2283–2291.
- Julier, H. E. and Roulston, T. H., Wild bee abundance and pollination service in cultivated pumpkins: farm management, nesting behavior and landscape effects. J. Econ. Entomol., 2009, 102, 563–573.
- Petersen, J. D., Reiners, S. and Nault, B. A., Pollination services provided by bees in pumpkin fields supplemented with either Apis mellifera or Bombus impatiens or not supplemented. PLoS ONE, 2013, 8, e69819.
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- Vidal, M. D. G., Jong, D. D., Wien, H. C. and Morse, R. A., Nectar and pollen production in pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.). Rev. Bras. Bot., 2006, 29, 267–273.
- Kuriakose, G., Sinu, P. A. and Shivanna, K. R., Domestication of cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) in Western Ghats, India: divergence in productive traits and a shift in major pollinators. Ann. Bot., 2009, 103, 727–733.
- Sinu, P. A. and Shivanna, K. R., Pollination biology of large cardamom (Amomum subulatum). Curr. Sci., 2007, 93, 548–552.
- Sinu, P. A. and Shivanna, K. R., Pollination ecology of cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) in the Western Ghats, India. J. Trop. Ecol., 2007, 23, 493–496
- Sinu, P. A., Kuriakose, G. and Shivanna, K. R., Is the bumblebee (Bombus haemorrhoidalis) the only pollinator of large cardamom in central Himalayas, India? Apidologie, 2011, 42, 690–695.
- Garibaldi, L. A. et al., Wild pollinators enhance fruit set of crops regardless of honey bee abundance. Science, 2013, 339, 1608– 1611.
- Klein, A.-M., Vaissie`re, B. E., Cane, J. H., Steffan-Dewenter, I., Cunningham, S. A., Kremen, C. and Tscharntke, T., Importance of pollinators in changing landscapes for world crops. Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. B., 2007, 274, 303–313.
- NeSmith, D. S., Hoogenboom, G. and Groff, D. W., Staminate and pistillate flower production of summer squash in response to planting date. HortScience, 1994, 29, 256–257.
- Nitsch, J. P., Kurtz, E. B., Liverman, J. L. and Went, F. W., The development of sex expression in cucurbit flowers. Am. J. Bot., 1952, 39, 32–43.
- Human-Wildlife Conflict or Coexistence: What do we Want?
Abstract Views :443 |
PDF Views:128
Authors
Affiliations
1 Central University of Kerala, Riverside Transit Campus, Padannakad, Kasaragod 671 314, IN
1 Central University of Kerala, Riverside Transit Campus, Padannakad, Kasaragod 671 314, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 108, No 6 (2015), Pagination: 1036-1038Abstract
No Abstract.- Ecology of Plant-Animal Interactions: Pollination, Seed Dispersal and Tritrophic Interactions
Abstract Views :344 |
PDF Views:117
Authors
Affiliations
1 Centre for Ecology and Entomology, Department of Animal Science, Central University of Kerala, Padannakad 671 314, IN
1 Centre for Ecology and Entomology, Department of Animal Science, Central University of Kerala, Padannakad 671 314, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 108, No 2 (2015), Pagination: 154-155Abstract
No Abstract.- Human-Wildlife Conflict or Co-Existence:What do we Want?
Abstract Views :399 |
PDF Views:134
Authors
Source
Current Science, Vol 108, No 7 (2015), Pagination: 1221-1221Abstract
No Abstract.- Ants Indicate Urbanization Pressure in Sacred Groves of Southwest India:A Pilot Study
Abstract Views :506 |
PDF Views:122
Authors
Affiliations
1 Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Central University of Kerala, Padannakad 671 314, IN
1 Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Central University of Kerala, Padannakad 671 314, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 113, No 02 (2017), Pagination: 317-322Abstract
Sacred groves may contain remnants of pristine and primary forests outside the state-owned protected area system. As they are small fragments and located in the neighbourhood of human settlements, towns, and cities, they are likely to be affected by urbanization. We studied the effect of urbanization on the ecosystem health of sacred groves of Kerala using litterdwelling ants as the indicator taxa. Ants were pitfalltrapped (10-12 traps/sacred grove) from three rural and two urban sacred groves, and identified to species. Overall, 1,119 ants of 32 species and 6 subfamilies (Aenictinae, Dolichoderinae, Ectatomminae, Formicinae, Myrmicinae and Ponerinae) were collected. This corresponds to 76.54% of the estimated species richness. Urbanization had little impact on the species diversity of ants. Abundance was remarkably high in urban sacred groves, mainly due to higher abundance of generalist and invasive species. The effect of urbanization was indicated by different ant assemblages. Rural sacred groves had nine species and three subfamilies exclusive to them as against the five exclusive species of urban sacred groves. Urban sacred groves were characterized by high abundance of Anoplolepis gracilipes, a globally important invasive species. Sacred groves were clustered based on the rural-urban gradient as hypothesized by the study.Keywords
Biodiversity, Urbanization, Sacred Grove, Ants, Anoplolepis gracilipes, Invasive Species, Western Ghats, Biotic Invasion.References
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- Sinu, P. A., Sibisha, V. C., Nikhila Reshmi, M. V., Reshmi, K. S., Jasna, T. V., Aswathi, K. and Megha, P. P., Invasive ant (Anoplolepis gracilipes) disrupts pollination in pumpkin. Biol. Invasions, 2017, online early; doi:10.1007/s10530-017-1470-9.
- Overhauling the Communicational Inconsistencies in Indian Science
Abstract Views :370 |
PDF Views:121
Authors
S. Badrinarayan
1,
Bhavisha P. Sheth
2,
Kavita Pal
3,
Kshama Lakshman
4,
Palatty Allesh Sinu
5,
K. Sri Manjari
6,
Viswas Konasagara Nagaleekar
7,
Wairokpam Premi Devi
8
Affiliations
1 Electronics and Communication Engineer, Bengaluru - 560 085, IN
2 Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India, Gandhinagar - 382 428, IN
3 ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai - 410 210, IN
4 Everwell Health Solutions, Bengaluru - 560 025,, IN
5 Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod - 671 316, IN
6 Osmania University, Hyderabad - 500 032, IN
7 ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar - 243 122, IN
8 Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India, Gandhinagar - 382 428, IN
1 Electronics and Communication Engineer, Bengaluru - 560 085, IN
2 Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India, Gandhinagar - 382 428, IN
3 ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai - 410 210, IN
4 Everwell Health Solutions, Bengaluru - 560 025,, IN
5 Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod - 671 316, IN
6 Osmania University, Hyderabad - 500 032, IN
7 ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar - 243 122, IN
8 Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India, Gandhinagar - 382 428, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 116, No 1 (2019), Pagination: 20-21Abstract
No Abstract.
Keywords
No Keywords.- Temporal Consistency in Foraging Time and Bouts of a Carpenter Bee in a Specialized Pollination System
Abstract Views :335 |
PDF Views:108
Authors
Affiliations
1 438/XIIIA, Mutthappanarkavu, Kanhangad South 671 531, IN
2 438/XIIIA, Mutthappanarkavu, Kanhangad South 671 531, India; Department of Zoology, Central University of Kerala, Padannakad 671 314, IN
1 438/XIIIA, Mutthappanarkavu, Kanhangad South 671 531, IN
2 438/XIIIA, Mutthappanarkavu, Kanhangad South 671 531, India; Department of Zoology, Central University of Kerala, Padannakad 671 314, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 122, No 2 (2022), Pagination: 213-216Abstract
While site and plant fidelity are reported for bees, consistency in foraging pattern is less studied in field conditions. We monitored three marked carpenter bees – one female and two males – on the sword bean for 25 straight days of flowering to examine whether (1) the bee is consistent on the time of its first visit and the number of foraging bouts and (2) the number of flowers on the plant predicts foraging bouts of the bees. The female bee was consistent on the first arrival time and the number of visitation bouts, but the male bees were not. The median first arrival time of the female bee was 06:22 h. Number of visitation bouts of female bee was unaffected by the crop size. The duration the bees spent on the plant on subsequent visits increased with the duration they spent on the first visit. This study suggests that the carpenter bee, in particular the female, has a consistent visitation pattern to the flowersKeywords
Carpenter Bees, Flower Constancy, Foraging, Sword Bean, Visitation Rate.References
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- Molecular phylogeny of the dung beetle fauna (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) of the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot
Abstract Views :276 |
PDF Views:122
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology, Central University of Kerala, Periya 671 316, IN
1 Department of Zoology, Central University of Kerala, Periya 671 316, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 122, No 5 (2022), Pagination: 623-628Abstract
The tribal and generic-level phylogeny of Scarabaeinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) dung beetles have been often debated globally. However, fauna from India have not been a part of these analyses due to lack of data. We used partial sequences of 16S mtDNA gene of dung beetles collected from different parts of the Western Ghats, India, to examine (i) the tribal positions of Onthophagini, Onitini and Oniticellini, and (ii) the phylogenetic position of different genera of Onthophagini. We found that Oniticellini nested within Onthophagini, suggesting the invalid position of Oniticellini. The non-Onthophagus genera of Onthophagini – Caccobius, Cleptocaccobius, Milichus – nested within Onthophagus, suggesting that these three genera might be invalid and could be subgenera of Onthophagus. Onitini formed a separate clade in the phylogenetic tree. The results suggest for tribal-level reclassification of dung beetles, as noted in previous studies. The present study may enrich the molecular data of the Indian dung beetles, which are currently lacking.Keywords
Biodiversity hotspot, dung beetles, molecular phylogeny.References
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