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Diraviya Raj, K.
- Mass Mortality of Montipora digitata (Scleractinia) in Vaan Island, Gulf of Mannar, Southeast India
Abstract Views :292 |
PDF Views:74
Authors
Affiliations
1 Suganthi Devadason Marine Research Institute, 44-Beach Road, Tuticorin 628 001, IN
1 Suganthi Devadason Marine Research Institute, 44-Beach Road, Tuticorin 628 001, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 110, No 8 (2016), Pagination: 1407-1408Abstract
Coral reefs around the world have undergone a dramatic degradation in the past 20-50 years because of anthropogenic factors such as coral mining, destructive fishing, coastal development and pollution, along with natural factors such as coral bleaching and diseases. Coral diseases are lethal, and could further deteriorate reefs across the tropics. The Gulf of Mannar (GoM), southeast India, falls within the Indo-Pacific realm which is considered as the world's richest marine biodiversity region.- Impacts of Traditional Shore Seine Operation along the Tuticorin Coast, Gulf of Mannar, Southeast India
Abstract Views :269 |
PDF Views:94
Authors
Affiliations
1 Suganthi Devadason Marine Research Institute, 44-Beach Road, Tuticorin 628 001, IN
1 Suganthi Devadason Marine Research Institute, 44-Beach Road, Tuticorin 628 001, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 112, No 01 (2017), Pagination: 40-45Abstract
Fishing pressure on marine ecosystems has increased drastically all over the world, especially in developing countries and particularly in India. Shore seine, a traditional fishing method, involves bottom trawling which makes huge impact on the ecosystems and consequently on fishing yield. It was observed that important habitats such as seagrasses and coral reefs are affected severely by this shore seine operation. Most of the catch was observed to be juvenile in nature or very small in size. Immediate measures are needed to check this operation by creating awareness among the fishermen coupled with providing alternative livelihood options.Keywords
By-Catch, Juveniles, Livelihood, Mesh Size, Shore Seine.- Climate Change-Induced Coral Bleaching in Malvan Marine Sanctuary, Maharashtra, India
Abstract Views :331 |
PDF Views:85
Authors
K. Diraviya Raj
1,
G. Mathews
1,
M. Selva Bharath
1,
Rohit D. Sawant
2,
Vishal Bhave
3,
Deepak Apte
3,
N. Vasudevan
2,
J. K. Patterson Edward
1
Affiliations
1 Suganthi Devadason Marine Research Institute, 44-Beach Road, Tuticorin 628 001, IN
2 UNDP Sindhudurg Project and Mancrove Cell, Mumbai 400 051, IN
3 Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai 400 001, IN
1 Suganthi Devadason Marine Research Institute, 44-Beach Road, Tuticorin 628 001, IN
2 UNDP Sindhudurg Project and Mancrove Cell, Mumbai 400 051, IN
3 Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai 400 001, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 114, No 02 (2018), Pagination: 384-387Abstract
Malvan Marine Sanctuary (MMS), Maharashtra, India is rich in coral reefs and the associated resources, which provide livelihood for the people involved in fishing and tourism. The elevated sea-surface temperature triggered by climate change had caused the coral reefs around the world to undergo severe bleaching during 2014–2016. Scientists have declared this as the third global coral bleaching event. Two underwater surveys during December 2015 and May 2016 were conducted in MMS to assess the intensity and trend of coral bleaching. A high prevalence of coral bleaching, i.e. 70.93% (SD = 4.53) was recorded inside MMS during December 2015, with a mortality of about 8.38% (SD = 0.91). After a lapse of six months, corals were found to recover. This is borne out by the reduction in the bleaching prevalence to 6.77 ± 0.12% during May 2016. Climate change being a global issue, reduction in the local stressors such as fishing and tourism is highly recommended in order to allow the corals to recover and enable sustainable utilization of coral reef resources around MMS.Keywords
Climate Change, Coral Bleaching, Mortality, Marine Sanctuary, Sea Surface Temperature.References
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- Eakin, C. M. et al., Global coral bleaching 2014–17. Reef Encounter, 2016, 31(1), 20–26.
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- Ainsworth, T. D. et al., Climate change disables coral bleaching protection on the Great Barrier Reef, Science, 2016, 352(6283), 338–342.
- Edward, J. K. P., Mathews, G., Raj, K. D., Thinesh, T., Patterson, J., Tamelander, J. and Wilhelmsson, D., Coral reefs of Gulf of Mannar, India – signs of resilience. In Proceedings of the 12th International Coral Reef Symposium, Cairns, Australia, 2012.
- Kalyan De, Sautya, S., Mote, S., Tsering, L., Patil, V., Nagesh, R. and Ingole, B., Is climate change triggering coral bleaching in tropical reef? Curr. Sci., 2015, 109(8), 1379–1380.
- Coral-Killing Sponge Terpios hoshinota Invades the Corals of Gulf of Mannar, Southeast India
Abstract Views :262 |
PDF Views:84
Authors
Affiliations
1 Suganthi Devadason Marine Research Institute, Tuticorin 628 003, IN
2 University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, US
1 Suganthi Devadason Marine Research Institute, Tuticorin 628 003, IN
2 University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, US
Source
Current Science, Vol 114, No 05 (2018), Pagination: 1117-1119Abstract
Terpios hoshinota is an encrusting cyanobacteriosponge which grows aggressively over live coral colonies and has been reported to undergo outbreaks which kill corals. In an underwater survey conducted on the reefs of Gulf of Mannar, an outbreak of this coral-invading sponge was witnessed for the first time. It was found invading approximately 5% of the Montipora divaricata colonies (n = 383) at 1 m depth in Vaan Island. The affected site had a high coral cover (85.13%) dominated by montiporids (79.97%). T. hoshinota was confirmed via underwater morphology and microscopic observation of distinctive lobed tylostylespicules. This sponge is reported to have caused significant damage to many reefs around the world and hence immediate steps are needed to protect the reefs of Gulf of Mannar. Further studies are needed to assess the extent of T. hoshinota invasion in Gulf of Mannar and progression rate over live coral colonies.Keywords
Coral Reefs, Invasion, Montipora divaricata, Sponge, Terpios hoshinota.References
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- Edward, J. K. P., Mathews, G., Raj, K. D., Thinesh, T., Patterson, J., Tamelander, J. and Wilhelmsson, D., Coral reefs of Gulf of Mannar, India – signs of resilience. In Proceedings of the 12th International Coral Reef Symposium, Cairns, Australia, 2012.
- Thinesh,T., Raj, K. D., Mathews, G. and Edward, J. K. P., Coral diseases are major contributors to coral mortality in Shingle Island, Gulf of Mannar, Southeastern India. Dis. Aquat. Org., 2013, 106, 69–77.
- Thinesh, T., Mathews, G., Raj, K. D. and Edward, J. K. P., Coral diseases are major contributors to coral mortality in Shingle Island, Gulf of Mannar, Southeastern India. Dis. Aquat. Org., 2014, 110, 227–234.
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- Coral Mortality in the Gulf of Mannar, Southeastern India, Due to Bleaching Caused by Elevated Sea Temperature in 2016
Abstract Views :260 |
PDF Views:102
Authors
J. K. Patterson Edward
1,
G. Mathews
1,
K. Diraviya Raj
1,
R. L. Laju
1,
M. Selva Bharath
1,
A. Arasamuthu
1,
P. Dinesh Kumar
1,
Deepak S. Bilgi
2,
H. Malleshappa
3
Affiliations
1 Suganthi Devadason Marine Research Institute, 44-Beach Road, Tuticorin 628 001, IN
2 Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park, Ramanathapuram 623 503, IN
3 Department of Environment, Govt of Tamil Nadu, Chennai 600 015, IN
1 Suganthi Devadason Marine Research Institute, 44-Beach Road, Tuticorin 628 001, IN
2 Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park, Ramanathapuram 623 503, IN
3 Department of Environment, Govt of Tamil Nadu, Chennai 600 015, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 114, No 09 (2018), Pagination: 1967-1972Abstract
Intensive underwater surveys have been conducted to assess the extent of coral bleaching and subsequent mortality in the Gulf of Mannar between March and October 2016. The extent of bleaching was 23.92% ± 10.55% during the period between March and June 2016, and the live coral cover was drastically reduced to 22.69 ± 9.07% during October 2016 with a mortality of 16.17 ± 8.46%. Fast-growing coral forms, including the genera Acropora, Montipora and Pocillopora were most affected, not only by bleaching but also by severe mortality. Boulders, including the genera Porites, Favia and Favites were found to be resistant to bleaching. During the bleaching period, water temperature was between 31.2°C and 32.6°C. The current bleaching is in alignment with the third global coral bleaching event which occurred between 2014 and 2017. Management interventions, including protection and rehabilitation using the native resistant coral species will not only help in the recovery process, but also increase the live coral cover.Keywords
Bleaching, Climate Change, Coral Reefs, Mortality, Sea Surface Temperature.References
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- Edward, J. K. P., Mathews, G., Raj, K. D., Thinesh, T., Patterson, J., Tamelander, J. and Wilhelmsson, D., Coral reefs of Gulf of Mannar, India – signs of resilience. In Proceedings of the 12th International Coral Reef Symposium, Cairns, Australia, 2012.
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- Raj, K. D., Mathews, G. and Edward, J. K. P., Reproductive success of restored coral colonies in Vaan Island, Gulf of Mannar, Southeastern India. Indian J. Geomarine Sci., 2015, 44(4), 589–598.