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Singh, K. P.
- Soft X-Ray Focusing Telescope Aboard Astrosat:Early Results
Abstract Views :225 |
PDF Views:85
Authors
K. P. Singh
1,
G. C. Dewangan
2,
S. Chandra
1,
S. Bhattacharayya
1,
V. Chitnis
1,
G. C. Stewart
3,
N. J. Westergaard
4
Affiliations
1 Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400 005, IN
2 Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pune 411 007, IN
3 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, Leicester, GB
4 Technical University of Denmark, National Space Institute, DK
1 Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400 005, IN
2 Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pune 411 007, IN
3 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, Leicester, GB
4 Technical University of Denmark, National Space Institute, DK
Source
Current Science, Vol 113, No 04 (2017), Pagination: 587-590Abstract
The Soft X-ray focusing Telescope (SXT) is a moderate-resolution X-ray imaging spectrometer supplementing the ultraviolet and hard X-ray payloads for broadband studies of cosmic sources with AstroSat. Well suited for observing bright X-ray sources, SXT observations of nearby active galactic nuclei (AGN), binary star systems with compact companions, active stars, etc. are producing long soft X-ray light curves and high-quality spectra. The strong X-ray variability and multiple spectral components exhibited by SXT observations of nearby Seyfert 1 galaxies show excellent promise to probe accretion disks and central engines in AGN through multi-band variability and spectroscopy.Keywords
Active Galactic Nuclei, Stars, Supernova Remnants, X-Ray Astronomy.References
- Singh, K. P. et al., AstroSat Mission. Proc. SPIE, 9144, Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2014: UV to Gamma Ray, at Montreal; doi:10.1117/12.2062667 (2014).
- Wolter, H., Grazing incidence mirror systems as imaging optics for X-rays. Ann. Phys., 1952, 10, 94; 286.
- Singh, K. P. et al., In-orbit performance of SXT aboard AstroSat. Proc. SPIE, 2016, 9905, 99051E.
- Singh, K. P. et al., Soft X-ray focusing telescope aboard AstroSat: design, characteristics and performance. J. Astrophys. Astron., 2017, 38, 29.
- Decourchelle, A. et al., XMM-Newton observation of the Tycho supernova remnant. A&A, 2001, 365, L218.
- Lalitha, S. and Schmitt, J. H. M. M., X-ray activity cycle on the active ultra-fast rotator AB Doradus A? Implication of corrected coronal and photometric variability. A&A, 2013, 559, A119.
- Multi-Colour Hues of the Universe Observed with AstroSat
Abstract Views :222 |
PDF Views:83
Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400 005, IN
2 Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Post Bag 4, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411 007, IN
1 Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400 005, IN
2 Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Post Bag 4, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411 007, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 113, No 04 (2017), Pagination: 602-609Abstract
India's space astronomy observatory AstroSat was launched on 28 September 2015, carrying instruments to observe cosmic sources over a large spectral band, from optical/UV to hard X-rays. The mission, with all its payloads, has been operating successfully since its launch. After an initial period of performance verification and calibration, the satellite is now in full science operation. This article gives a brief introduction about the capabilities of the mission and presents some of the early science results.Keywords
Active Galaxies, Cosmic Sources, Multi-Wavelength Astronomy, Multi-Colour Hues, Supernova Remnants.References
- Singh, K. P. et al., ASTROSAT mission. In Proceedings of SPIE, Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2014: UV to Gamma Ray (eds Takahashi, T., den Herder, J.-W. A. and Bautz, M.), 2014, vol. 9144, pp. 91441S-1 to S-15 Montreal; doi: 10.1117/12.2062667.
- Bhalerao, V. et al., The cadmium zinc telluride imager on AstroSat. JApA, 2017, 38, 31–40.
- Ramadevi, M. C. et al., Early in-orbit performance of scanning sky monitor onboard AstroSat. J. Astrophys. Astr, 2017, 38, 32–34.
- Singh, K. P. et al., In-orbit performance of SXT aboard AstroSat. In Proceedings of SPIE, Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2016: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray (eds den Herder, J.-W. A., Takahashi, T. and Bautz, M.), 2016, vol. 9905, pp. 99051E-1 to E-10; doi:10.1117/12.2235309.
- Singh, K. P. et al., Soft X-ray focusing telescope aboard AstroSat: design, characteristics and performance. J. Astrophys. Astr., 2017, 38, 29.
- Subramaniam, A. et al., In-orbit performance of UVIT on ASTROSAT. In Proceedings of SPIE, Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2016: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray (eds den Herder, J.-W. A., Takahashi, T. and Bautz, M.), 2016, vol. 9905, pp. 99051F-1 to F-10; doi:10.1117/12.2235271 (arxiv: 1608.01073).
- Tandon, S. N. et al., In-orbit performance of UVIT and first results. J. Astophys. Astr., 2017, 38, 28.
- Vadawale, S. V. et al., In-orbit performance AstroSat CZTI. In Proceedings of SPIE, Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2016: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray (eds den Herder, J.-W. A., Takahashi, T. and Bautz, M.), 2016, vol. 9905, pp. 99051G-1 to G-11.
- Yadav, J. S. et al., In Proceedings of SPIE Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2016a: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray (eds den Herder, J.-W. A., Takahashi, T. and Bautz, M.), 2016, vol. 9905, pp. 99051D; doi:10.1117/12.2231857.
- Subramaniam, A. et al., A hot companion to a blue straggler in NGC 188 as revealed by the ultra-violet imaging telescope (UVIT) on AstroSat. ApJL, 2016, 833, L27–L31.
- Tandon, S. N., Ghosh, S. K., Hutchings, J., Stalin, S. and Subramaniam, A., Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UVIT) on AstroSat. Curr. Sci., 2017, 113(4), 583–586.
- Chattopadhyay, T., Vadawale, S. V., Rao, A. R., Sreekumar, S. and Bhattacharya, D., Prospects of hard X-ray polarimetry with Astrosat-CZTI. Experiment. Astr., 2014, 37, 555–577.
- Rao, A. R. et al., AstroSat CZT imager observations of GRB 151006A: timing, spectroscopy, and polarization study. ApJ, 2016, 833, 86–95.
- Yadav, J. S. et al., AstroSat/LAXPC reveals the high-energy variability of GRS 1915+105 in the X class. ApJ, 2016, 833, 27–35.
- Misra, R. et al., AstroSat/LAXPC observation of Cygnus X-1 in the hard state. ApJ, 2017, 835, 195–200.
- Singh, K. P., Dewangan, G. C., Chandra, S., Bhattacharayya, S., Chitnis, V., Stewart, G. C. and Westergaard, N. J., Soft X-ray focusing telescope aboard AstroSat: early results. Curr. Sci., 2017, 113(4), 587–590.
- Buhler, R. and Blandford, R., The surprising Crab pulsar and its nebula: a review. Rep. Prog. Phys., 2014, 77, 066901 (pp. 15).
- Fabian, A. C., Willingale, R., Pye, J. P., Murray, S. S. and Fabianno, G., The X-ray structure and mass of the Cassiopeia A supernova remnant. MNRAS, 1980, 193, 175–188.
- Favata, F. et al., The broad-band X-ray spectrum of the CAS A supernova remnant as seen by the BeppoSAX observatory. A&A, 1997, 324, L49–L52.
- Fesen, R. A., Kwitter, K. B. and Downes, R. A., H-alpha images of the Cygnus Loop – a new look at shock-wave dynamics in an old supernova remnant. AJ, 1992, 104, 719–724.
- Levenson, N. A., Graham, J. R. and Snowden, S. L., The Cygnus loop: a soft-shelled supernova remnant. ApJ, 1999, 526, 874–880.
- Capturing the Cosmic Light:A Handbook of Astrophotography
Abstract Views :379 |
PDF Views:95
Authors
Affiliations
1 IISER, Mohali 28-A, Bank Colony, Patiala 147 001, IN
1 IISER, Mohali 28-A, Bank Colony, Patiala 147 001, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 114, No 05 (2018), Pagination: 1120-1120Abstract
Astrophotography is a great way to learn about astronomy as I am yet to meet a person who is not fascinated by gazing at the sky and wondering about it. It is a way of not just seeing, but also recording what one sees for oneself and for the others. It is what makes people, specially young students into amateur astronomers, if not into professional ones.- Yield Prediction in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using Spectral Reflectance Indices
Abstract Views :190 |
PDF Views:80
Authors
N. S. Chandel
1,
P. S. Tiwari
1,
K. P. Singh
1,
D. Jat
1,
B. B. Gaikwad
1,
H. Tripathi
1,
K. Golhani
1
Affiliations
1 ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal - 462 038, IN
1 ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal - 462 038, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 116, No 2 (2019), Pagination: 272-278Abstract
Influence of nitrogen on vegetative growth of wheat is significant, and can be monitored and assessed using vegetation indices derived from canopy reflectance at different phenological growth stages. The aim of the present work was to establish a regression model for yield prediction of wheat using spectral reflectance indices (SRIs), normalized difference nitrogen index (NDNI), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), normalized difference water index (NDWI) and soil adjusted vegetation index (SAVI) for selected phenological growth stages of wheat. The canopy spectral reflectance was recorded during three winter seasons (2014–2017) for irrigated wheat. A hyperspectral library of canopy reflectance was developed, which enables the study of spectra independent of different nitrogen management practices. It indicated that the precise level of nitrogen for irrigated wheat may be 90 kg ha-1 in vertisols under agro-climatic of central India. Coefficient of variation (CV) was determined based on significance test between eight levels of nitrogen and SRI values. On the basis of CV, NDVI and NDWI were selected among the four spectral indices for the study of correlation between grain and biomass yields and nitrogen levels for four growth stages, viz. tillering, booting, heading and milking. A regression model was developed to find the best representative stage for yield prediction among the four stages. The regression model indicated that the relations of NDVI with grain and biomass yields were stronger in the heading stage, and it resulted in 96% accurate estimation of grain and biomass yields in irrigated wheat.Keywords
Nitrogen Management, Spectral Reflectance, Vegetation Indices, Wheat, Yield Estimation.References
- Li, F. et al., Estimating N status of winter wheat using a handheld spectrometer in the North China Plain. Field Crops Res., 2008, 106(1), 77-85.
- Hansen, P. M. and Schjoerring, J. K., Reflectance measurement of canopy biomass and nitrogen status in wheat crops using normalized difference vegetation indices and partial least square regression. Remote Sensing Environ., 2002, 86, 542-553.
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- Jia, L. L., Buerkert, A., Chen, X. P., Romheld, V. and Zhang, F. S., Low altitude aerial photography for optimum N fertilization of winter wheat on the North China Plain. Field Crops Res., 2004, 89, 389-395.
- Osborne, S. L., Schcpcr, J. S., Frdncis, D. D. and Schlcmmcr, M. R., Detection of phosphorous and nitrogen deficiencies in corn using spectral radiance measurement. Agronomy J., 2002, 94, 1215- 1221.
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- Mechanized urea spraying system for balers to enhance the nutritional quality of straw: a step to prevent straw burning
Abstract Views :132 |
PDF Views:69
Authors
Satya Prakash Kumar
1,
Dilip Jat
1,
S. B. N. Rao
2,
M. Chandrasekharaiah
2,
K. P. Singh
1,
P. C. Jena
1
Affiliations
1 ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal 462 038, India, IN
2 ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru 560 030, India, IN
1 ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal 462 038, India, IN
2 ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru 560 030, India, IN
Source
Current Science, Vol 123, No 11 (2022), Pagination: 1381-1386Abstract
A large portion of unused crop residues is burnt in the fields primarily to clear the left-over straw and stubbles after the combine harvest. Studies have reported several ill effects of crop-residue burning on soil organic carbon and fertility, including reduction in productivity in the long term, environmental pollution and human health. It also produces greenhouse gases causing global warming. Rice and wheat produce large amounts of residue in India. Non-availability of labour, the high cost of residue removal from the field and the increasing use of combines in harvesting the crops are the main reasons for burning crop residues in the fields. Rice straw is unsuitable animal feed due to its high silica content and wheat straw for due to its hard stem and difficulty chewing in unchopped form. Using supplements like urea and is feeding straw sprayed with urea improves its nutritive value and intake. We have developed a mechanized baler equipped with a urea spraying system for spraying urea during baling operations on crop residues (paddy or wheat straw) to enhance their nutritional value. The developed system was evaluated in combine a harvested wheat residue field and nutritional analysis was performed. The crude protein in untreated wheat straw increased from 3.68% to 10.10% after urea treatment. The metabolizable energy was also found to improve by 3% compared to untreated straw. Thus, urea-treated bales have potential use in dairy farmingKeywords
Combine harvest, crop residues, mechanized straw baler, nutritional value, urea treatment.References
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- Kumar, N. et al., Challenges and opportunities in productivity and sustainability of rice cultivation system: a critical review in Indian perspective. Cereal Res. Commun., 2021, 1–29.
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