Current Science

Muhammad Hassham Hassan Bin Asad ¹, Durr-e-Sabih ², Bashir Ahmad Choudary ³, Arooj Fatima Asad ⁴, Ghulam Muratza ¹, Izhar Hussain ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad 22060, PK
2 Multan Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Radiotherapy, 377, Nishtar Hospital Multan, PK
3 Department of Pharmacy, Bahauddin-Zakariya-University, Multan 60800, PK
4 Sheikh Zayed Medical College, Rahim Yar Khan 64931, PK

Abstract

The present study was carried out to evaluate 28 medicinal plants of Pakistan having folklore claims to neutralize coagulopathy induced by Naja naja karachiensis bite in comparison with standard antidote. Venom was tested on citrated human plasma to determine its effect on prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and thrombin time (TT). Snake venom (200 μg/ml) was found to delay PT (13 ± 0.57 to 23 ± 0.57 sec), aPTT (35 ± 1.52 to 48 ± 2.0 sec) and TT (13 ± 0.57 to 33 ± 0.57 sec) within 4.5% coefficient of variance. Prolongation of PT and TT suggested the presence of thrombin-like or plasminogen activating enzymes. Methanolic plant extracts (5 μg/ml) were considered as effective standard antidote. Enicostemma hyssopifolium (Willd.) Verdoorn (PT = 22 ± 0.57 sec, aPTT = 36 ± 1.00 sec, TT = 19 ± 0.57 sec) and Stenolobium stans (L) D. Don (PT = 16 ± 0.57 sec, aPTT = 36 ± 0.57 sec, TT = 29 ± 0.57 sec) were considered the most protective (≥70%, but ≤92%) from the rest of the listed medicinal plants. Nevertheless, further studies are required for identification and segregation of bioactive constituent(s) as an alternate and cheap source to treat anticoagulation.

Keywords

Antidote, Coagulopathy, Medicinal Plants, Naja naja karachiensis.

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Muhammad Hassham Hassan Bin Asad ¹, Anna Katharina Jager ¹, Izhar Hussain ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, DK
2 Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad 22060, PK

Abstract

Snake bite envenomation is resulting in high rates of mortality and morbidity all over the world. In developing countries like Pakistan, the burden of snake bite is hard to estimate due to the insufficient epidemiological data, as victims receive traditional health care instead of hospitalization.

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