Current Science

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Are We Conscious of Isoprene Emissions from Our Poplar Plantations?


Affiliations
1 ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Dehradun 248 195, India
2 ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Research Centre, Vasad, Anand 388 306, India
3 ICAR-Indian Institute of Natural Resins and Gums, Namkum 834 010, India
 

The growing energy demand and increasing pollution due to conventional energy sources prompted the concept of bioenergy plantations, which are considered as carbon neutral. The area under bioenergy plantations is increasing rapidly to meet economical and ecological societal needs. Poplar is one of the most important sources of green energy amongst all species. It is widely cultivated as a bioenergy crop due to its fast growth, short rotation and carbon neutrality. However, one of the major aspects that we must consider is that it is a strong emitter of isoprene which can alter ozone flux in the atmosphere. Owing to its extremely reactive nature, isoprene may substantially influence the tropospheric composition by affecting its oxidative capacity with serious impact on air health, global warming, ecological functions and thus human life. We should assess isoprene emissions from existing poplar plantations and the expected increase in isoprene load with future expansion of poplar plantations in India, to know their long-term effect on atmospheric chemistry and climate change. This will help in deciding whether we should further promote poplar plantations, or look for suitable alternative non-/low-emitting species for bioenergy plantations.

Keywords

Bioenergy Plantations, Global Warming, Isoprene, Ozone, Poplar.
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • International Poplar Commission (IPC), Report of the 21st Session of the International Poplar Commission. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Portland, USA, 2000.

  • IPC, Report of the 22nd Session of the International Poplar Commission. FAO, Santiago, Chile, 2004; http://www.fao.org/forestry/ media/9497/1/0/

  • Vande Walle, I., Van Camp, N., Van de Casteele, L, Verheyen, K. and Lemeur, R., Short-rotation forestry of birch, maple, poplar and willow in Flanders (Belgium) II. Energy production and CO2 emission reduction potential. Biomass Bioenerg., 2007, 31, 276– 283.

  • Behnke, K. et al., Isoprene emission-free poplars: a chance to reduce the impact from poplar plantations on the atmosphere. New Phytol., 2012, 194, 70–82.

  • Guenther, A., Karl, T., Harley, P., Wiedinmyer, C., Palmer, P. I. and Geron, C., Estimates of global terrestrial isoprene emissions using MEGAN (Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature). Atmos. Chem. Phys., 2006, 6, 3181–3210.

  • Claeys, M. et al., Formation of secondary organic aerosols through photooxidation of isoprene. Science, 2004, 303, 1173– 1176.

  • International Poplar Commission, Poplars and other fast-growing trees – renewable resources for future green economies. Working Paper IPC/15, FAO, Rome, Italy, 2016.

  • MoEF, India Forestry Outlook Study. Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India (GoI), FAO Working Paper Series No. apfsos ii/wp/2009/06, Bangkok, 2009.

  • National Poplar Commission, India – country report on poplars and willows. Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education, Dehradun, 2012.

  • Guenther, A. B., Jiang, X., Heald, C. L., Sakulyanontvittaya, T., Duhl, T., Emmons, L. K. and Wang, X., The Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature version 2.1 (MEGAN2.1): an extended and updated framework for modeling biogenic emissions. Geosci. Model Dev., 2012, 6, 1471–1492; doi:10.5194/gmd5-1471-2012.

  • Wang, K. Y. and Shallcross, D. E., Modelling terrestrial biogenic isoprene fluxes and their potential impact on global chemical species using a coupled LSM-CTM model. Atmos. Environ., 2000, 34, 2909–2925.

  • Zeng, G., Pyle, J. A. and Young, P. J., Impact of climate change on tropospheric ozone and its global budgets. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 2008, 8, 369–387.

  • Harley, R. A. and Cass, G. R., Modeling the atmospheric concentrations of individual volatile organic compounds. Atmos. Environ., 1995, 29, 905–922; doi:10.1016/1352-2310(94)00287-U

  • Jardine, K. J. et al., Within-plant isoprene oxidation confirmed by direct emissions of oxidation products methyl vinyl ketone and methacrolein. Global Change Biol., 2012, 18, 973–984.

  • Geng, F. H., Xuexi, T., Guenther, A., Guohui, L., Junji, C. and Hartly, P., Effect of isoprene emissions from major forests on ozone formation in the city of Shanghai, China. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 2011, 11, 10449–10459; 10.5194/acp-11-10449-2011.

  • Da Silva, C. M., Corrêa, S. M. and Arbilla, G., Isoprene emissions and ozone formation in urban conditions: a case study in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Bull. Environ. Contamin. Toxicol., 2017, 100(1), 184–188; doi:10.1007/s00128-017-2248-6

  • Pike, R. C. and Young, P. J., How plants can influence tropospheric chemistry: the role of isoprene emissions from the biosphere. Weather, 2009, 64(12), 332–336.

  • Ying, Q., Li, J. and Kota, S. H., Significant contributions of isoprene to summertime secondary organic aerosol in Eastern United States. Environ. Sci. Technol., 2015, 49, 7834–7842; 10.1021/acs.est.5b02514.

  • Claeys, M. et al., Formation of secondary organic aerosols through photooxidation of isoprene. Science, 2004, 303, 1173– 1176.

  • Edney, E. O. et al., Formation of 2-methyl tetrols and 2methylglyceric acid in secondary organic aerosol from laboratory irradiated isoprene/NOx/SO2/air mixtures and their detection in ambient PM25 samples collected in the eastern United States. Atmos. Environ., 2005, 39, 5281–5289.

  • Kroll, J. H., Ng, N. L., Murphy, S. L., Flagen, R. C. and Seinfeld, J. H., Secondary organic aerosol formation from isoprene photooxidation under high-NOx conditions. Geophys. Res. Lett., 2005, 32, L18808.

  • Kleindienst, T., Lewandowski, M., Offenberg, J., Mohammed, J. and Edward, E., The formation of secondary organic aerosol from the isoprene + OH reaction in the absence of NOx. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 2009, 9; doi:10.5194/acp-9-6541-2009.

  • Ng, N. L. et al., Contribution of first- versus second-generation products to secondary organic aerosols formed in the oxidation of biogenic hydrocarbons. Environ. Sci. Technol., 2006, 40, 2283– 2297.

  • Blande, J. D., Tiiva, P., Oksanen, E. and Holopainen, J. K., The emission of herbivore induced volatile terpenoids from two hybrid aspen (Populus tremula · tremuloides) clones under ambient and elevated ozone concentrations in the field. Global Change Biol., 2007, 13, 2538–2550.

  • Brilli, F., Ciccioli, P., Frattoni, M., Prestininzi, M., Spanedda, A. F. and Loreto, F., Constitutive and herbivore-induced monoterpenes emitted by Populus euroamericana leaves are key volatiles that orient Chrysomela populi beetles. Plant Cell Environ., 2009, 32, 542–552.

  • Behnke, K., Kleist, E., Uerlings, R., Wildt, J., Rennenberg, H. and Schnitzler, J. P., RNAi mediated suppression of isoprene biosynthesis impacts ozone tolerance. Tree Physiol., 2009, 29, 725–736.

  • Sharkey, T. D. and Yeh, S., Isoprene emission from plants. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol., 2001, 52, 407–436.

  • Sharkey, T. D. and Singsaas, E. L., Why plants emit isoprene. Nature, 1995, 374, 769.

  • Loreto, F. and Velikova, V., Isoprene produced by leaves protects the photosynthetic apparatus against ozone damage, quenches ozone products, and reduces lipid peroxidation of cellular membranes. Plant Physiol., 2001, 127, 1781–1787; doi:10.1104/ pp.010497

  • Behnke, K. et al., Transgenic, non-isoprene emitting poplars don’t like it hot. Plant J., 2007, 51, 485–499.

  • Behnke, K. et al., RNAi-mediated suppression of isoprene emission in poplar transiently impacts phenolic metabolism under high temperature and high light intensities: a transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis. Plant Mol. Biol., 2010, 74, 61–75.

  • Loreto, F., Mannozzi, M., Maris, C., Nascetti, P., Ferranti, F. and Pasqualini, S., Ozone quenching properties of isoprene and its antioxidant role in plants. Plant Physiol., 2001, 126, 1–8.

  • Vickers, C. E. et al., Isoprene synthesis protects transgenic tobacco plants from oxidative stress. Plant Cell Environ., 2009, 32, 520– 531.

  • Banerjee, A., Wu, Y., Banerjee, R., Li, Y., Yan, H. and Sharkey, T. D., Feedback inhibition of deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase regulates the methylerythritol 4-phosphate pathway. J. Biol. Chem., 2013, 288, 16926–16936; doi:10.1074/jbc.M113.464636

  • Laothawornkitkul, J. et al., Isoprene emissions influence herbivore feeding decisions. Plant Cell Environ., 2008, 31, 1410–1415; doi:10.1111/j.1365-3040.2008.01849.x

  • Llusià, J., Penuelas, J., Sardans, J., Owen, S. M. and Niinemets, U., Measurement of volatile terpene emission in 70 dominant vascular plant species in Hawaii: aliens emit more than native. Global Ecol. Biogeogr., 2010, 19, 863–874; doi:10.1111/j.14668238.2010.00557

  • Harrison, S. P. et al., Volatile isoprenoid emission from plastid to planet. New Phytol., 2013, 197, 49–57; doi:10.1111/nph.12021.x

  • Mithofer, A. and Boland, V., Plant defense against herbivores: chemical aspects. Annu. Rev. Plant Biol., 2012, 63, 431–450; doi:10.1146/annurev-arplant-042110-103854

  • Wiedinmyer, C., Tie, X., Guenther, A., Neilson, R. and Granier, C., Future changes in biogenic isoprene emissions: how might they affect regional and global atmospheric chemistry? Earth Interact., 2006, 10(3), 1–19; EI174; doi:10.1175/EI174.1.

  • Sharkey, T. D. and Monson, R. K., The future of isoprene emission from leaves, canopies and landscapes. Plant Cell Environ., 2014, 37, 1727–1740.

  • Geron, C. et al., Volatile organic compounds from vegetation in southern Yunnan Province, China: emission rates and some potential regional implications. Atmos. Environ., 2006, 40, 1759– 1773.

  • Fowler, D. et al., Effects of land use on surface–atmosphere exchanges of trace gases and energy in Borneo: comparing fluxes over oil palm plantations and a rainforest. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. Biol. Sci., 2011, 366(1582), 3196–3209; doi:10.1098/ rstb.2011.0055, 2011

  • Ashworth, K., Folberth, G., Hewitt, C. N. and Wild, O., Impacts of near-future cultivation of biofuel feed stocks on atmospheric composition and local air quality. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 2012, 12, 919–939.

  • Ashworth, K., Wild, O. and Hewitt, C. N., Impacts of biofuel cultivation on mortality and crop yields. Nature Climate Change, 2013, 3, 492–496; doi:10.1038/Nclimate1788.

  • Hardacre, C. J., Palmer, P. I., Baumanns, K., Rounsevell, M. and Murray-Rust, D., Probabilistic estimation of future emissions of isoprene and surface oxidant chemistry associated with land use change in response to growing food needs. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 2013, 13, 5451–5472; doi:10.5194/acp-13-5451-2013

  • MoEF, India Outlook Study, Asia-Pacific Forestry Sector Outlook Study II, Country report. Ministry of Environment & Forests, GoI, 2020.

  • Dani, S. K. G., Jamie, I. M., Prentice, I. C. and Atwell, B. J., Evolution of isoprene emission capacity in plants. Trends Plant Sci., 2014, 19, 439–445; doi:10.1016/j.tplants.2014.01.009.


Abstract Views: 255

PDF Views: 82




  • Are We Conscious of Isoprene Emissions from Our Poplar Plantations?

Abstract Views: 255  |  PDF Views: 82

Authors

Vibha Singhal
ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Dehradun 248 195, India
Dinesh Jinger
ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Research Centre, Vasad, Anand 388 306, India
Jyotirmoy Ghosh
ICAR-Indian Institute of Natural Resins and Gums, Namkum 834 010, India

Abstract


The growing energy demand and increasing pollution due to conventional energy sources prompted the concept of bioenergy plantations, which are considered as carbon neutral. The area under bioenergy plantations is increasing rapidly to meet economical and ecological societal needs. Poplar is one of the most important sources of green energy amongst all species. It is widely cultivated as a bioenergy crop due to its fast growth, short rotation and carbon neutrality. However, one of the major aspects that we must consider is that it is a strong emitter of isoprene which can alter ozone flux in the atmosphere. Owing to its extremely reactive nature, isoprene may substantially influence the tropospheric composition by affecting its oxidative capacity with serious impact on air health, global warming, ecological functions and thus human life. We should assess isoprene emissions from existing poplar plantations and the expected increase in isoprene load with future expansion of poplar plantations in India, to know their long-term effect on atmospheric chemistry and climate change. This will help in deciding whether we should further promote poplar plantations, or look for suitable alternative non-/low-emitting species for bioenergy plantations.

Keywords


Bioenergy Plantations, Global Warming, Isoprene, Ozone, Poplar.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv120%2Fi3%2F479-483