Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Chandrayaan-2 Large Area Soft X-ray Spectrometer


Affiliations
1 U.R. Rao Satellite Centre, ISRO, Bengaluru 560 017, India
2 Space Science Programme Office, ISRO Head Quarters, Bengaluru 560 017, India
 

Chandrayaan-2 Large Area Soft X-ray Spectrometer (CLASS) is an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer experiment aimed at mapping the abundances of major rock-forming elements on the lunar surface. The instrument consists of swept charge devices with a passive collimator, visible light blocking filters and signal processing electronics designed and built at U.R. Rao Satellite Centre, Indian Space Research Organisation. CLASS will be the largest collecting area spectrometer flown to the Moon, and thus is expected to map the abundances of lunar elements with a higher sensitivity than ever at soft X-ray energies.

Keywords

Moon, Rock-forming Elements, Spectrometer, X-ray Fluorescence.
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • Adler, I. et al., Apollo 15 and 16 results of the integrated geochemical experiment. Moon, 1973, 7, 487–504.
  • Clarke, P. E. and Hawke, B. R., The lunar farside: the nature of the highlands east of Mare smythii. Earth, Moon Planets, 1991, 53, 93–107.
  • Lawrence, D. J., Feldman, W. C., Barraclough, B. L. and Binder, A. B., Global elemental maps of the Moon: the Lunar Prospector Gamma Ray Spectrometer. Science, 1998, 281, 1484– 1489.
  • Prettyman, T. H., Jagerty, J. J., Elphic, R. C., Feldman, W. C., Lawrence, D. J., Mckinney, M. K. and Vaniman, D. T., Elemental composition of the lunar surface: analysis of gamma ray spectroscopy data from Lunar Prospector. JGR, 2006, 111, E12007 (1–41).
  • Hasebe, N., Yamashita, N., Karouji, Y., Kobayashi, S., Hareyama, M., Komatsu, S. and Kim, K. J., Lunar gamma-ray observation by Kaguya GRS, 2010. In Advances in Geosciences, 2010, Volume 19: Planetary Science, pp. 57–67.
  • Grande, M. et al., The D-CIXS X-ray spectrometer on the SMART-1 mission to the Moon – first results. Planet. Space Sci., 55, 494–502.
  • Swinyard, B. M. et al., X-ray fluorescence observations of the Moon by SMART-1/D-CIXS and the first detection of Ti-Ka from the lunar surface. Planet. Space Sci., 2009, 57, 744–750.
  • Okada, T. et al., X-ray fluorescence experiments on the SELENE (KAGUYA) spacecraft. 2008, In 39th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference Abstr., 1966.
  • Dong, W.-D., Zhang, X., Zhu, M.-H., Xu, A. A. and Tang, Z. S., Global Mg/Si and Al/Si distributions on lunar surface derived from Chang E-2 X-ray spectrometer. Res. Astron. Astrophys., 2015, 16; 10.1088/1674-4527/16/1/004.
  • Narendranath, S. et al., Lunar X ray fluorescence observations by the Chandrayaan 1 X-ray spectrometer (C1XS): results from the nearside southern highlands. Icarus, 2011, 214, 53–66.
  • Athiray, P. S., Narendranath, S., Sreekumar, P. and Grande, M., C1XS results – first measurement of enhanced sodium on the lunar surface, PSS, 2014, 104, 279–287.
  • Radhakrishna, V. et al., The Chandrayaan-2 Large area X-ray Spectrometer. In Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, abstr. no. 1708, 2011.
  • Shanmugam, M., Vadawale, S., Acharya, Y. B., Goyal, S. K., Patel, A., Shah, B. and Murthy, S. V. S., The solar X-ray monitor on Chandrayaan-2. In 43rd LPSC, abstr. no. 1858, 2012.
  • Lowe, B. G., Holland, A. D., Hutchinson, I. B., Burt, D. J. and Pool, P. J., The Swept Charge Devices, a novel CCD – Based EDX detector: first results, NIM A, 2001, 458, 568–579.
  • Wu, Y. P., Dahai, R. and You, Z., HXMT satellite for space hard X-ray observations. Adv. Space. Res., 2004, 34, 2667–2672.
  • Space Environment Information System; http://spenvis.oma.be.
  • Agostinelli, S. et al., Geant4: a simulation Toolkit. Nucl. Instrum. Methods A, 2003, 506, 250–303.
  • Arnaud, K. A., Astronomical data analysis software and systems. Astron. Softw. Proc., 1996, 101, 17–20.
  • Athiray, P. S. et al., Experimental validation of XRF inversion code for Chandrayaan-1. Planet. Space Sci., 2013, 89, 183–187.
  • Athiray, P. S., Narendranath, S., Sreekumar, P., Dash, S. K. and Babu, B. R. S., Validation of methodology to derive elemental abundances from X-ray observations on Chandrayaan-1. Planet. Space Sci., 2013, 75, 188–194.

Abstract Views: 270

PDF Views: 88




  • Chandrayaan-2 Large Area Soft X-ray Spectrometer

Abstract Views: 270  |  PDF Views: 88

Authors

V. Radhakrishna
U.R. Rao Satellite Centre, ISRO, Bengaluru 560 017, India
A. Tyagi
U.R. Rao Satellite Centre, ISRO, Bengaluru 560 017, India
S. Narendranath
U.R. Rao Satellite Centre, ISRO, Bengaluru 560 017, India
Koushal Vadodariya
U.R. Rao Satellite Centre, ISRO, Bengaluru 560 017, India
Reena Yadav
U.R. Rao Satellite Centre, ISRO, Bengaluru 560 017, India
Brajpal Singh
U.R. Rao Satellite Centre, ISRO, Bengaluru 560 017, India
G. Balaji
U.R. Rao Satellite Centre, ISRO, Bengaluru 560 017, India
Neeraj Satya
U.R. Rao Satellite Centre, ISRO, Bengaluru 560 017, India
Akash Shetty
U.R. Rao Satellite Centre, ISRO, Bengaluru 560 017, India
H. N. Suresha Kumar
U.R. Rao Satellite Centre, ISRO, Bengaluru 560 017, India
Kumar
U.R. Rao Satellite Centre, ISRO, Bengaluru 560 017, India
S. Vaishali
U.R. Rao Satellite Centre, ISRO, Bengaluru 560 017, India
Netra S. Pillai
U.R. Rao Satellite Centre, ISRO, Bengaluru 560 017, India
S. Tadepalli
U.R. Rao Satellite Centre, ISRO, Bengaluru 560 017, India
Venkata Raghavendra
U.R. Rao Satellite Centre, ISRO, Bengaluru 560 017, India
P. Sreekumar
Space Science Programme Office, ISRO Head Quarters, Bengaluru 560 017, India
Anil Agarwal
U.R. Rao Satellite Centre, ISRO, Bengaluru 560 017, India
N. Valarmathi
U.R. Rao Satellite Centre, ISRO, Bengaluru 560 017, India

Abstract


Chandrayaan-2 Large Area Soft X-ray Spectrometer (CLASS) is an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer experiment aimed at mapping the abundances of major rock-forming elements on the lunar surface. The instrument consists of swept charge devices with a passive collimator, visible light blocking filters and signal processing electronics designed and built at U.R. Rao Satellite Centre, Indian Space Research Organisation. CLASS will be the largest collecting area spectrometer flown to the Moon, and thus is expected to map the abundances of lunar elements with a higher sensitivity than ever at soft X-ray energies.

Keywords


Moon, Rock-forming Elements, Spectrometer, X-ray Fluorescence.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv118%2Fi2%2F219-225