Current Science

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Effects of Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Temperature on Rice Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) Populations in India


Affiliations
1 ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030, India
2 ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru 560 024, India
 

Two populations of the brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) were collected from two hotspot locations of India – Ludhiana (Punjab) in the north and West Godavari (Andhra Pradesh) in the south, and their biological parameters were studied under ambient conditions. Results showed that the above two populations were notably different in three out of five biological parameters recorded. The response of these two populations to climate variables, viz. elevated temperature and increased levels of CO2 was assessed. These conditions prolonged the nymphal duration (14.2 days) and lowered female longevity (9.6 days), fecundity (155.5 eggs/♀) and nymphal feeding rate (14.3 mm2)) compared to ambient CO2 and temperature across the populations. Honeydew excretion by adults was significantly higher at elevated CO2 than at ambient level. At elevated CO2 and higher temperature, the Ludhiana population recorded significantly longer nymphal duration (15.9 days) and decreased amount of honeydew excretion by nymphs (13.8 mm2) compared to the parameters recorded at elevated CO2 and ambient temperature (12.8 days and 32.8 mm2) respectively). In contrast, West Godavari population recorded significantly reduced female longevity and fecundity under elevated CO2 and higher temperature. Elevated CO2 per se did not adversely affect BPH biology across populations but with the concomitant increase in temperature, populations showed varying response. Location-specific mitigation strategies for management of hoppers will be required to address the varying responses of populations to climate variables.

Keywords

Climate Variables, Fecundity, Honeydew Excretion, Nilaparvata lugens, Nymphal Duration.
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • IPCC, Observed changes in climate and their effects. In Climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report (ed. Pachauri, P. K. and Reisinger, A.), Cambridge University Press, UK, 2007, pp. 8–15.

  • Baoju, W., Hong-Xing, X.U., Xu-Song, Z., Qiang, F. U. and Zhong-xian, L. U., High temperature modifies resistance performances of rice varieties to brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål). Rice Sci., 2010, 17, 334−338.

  • Coakley, S. M., Scherm, H. and Chakraborty, S., Climate change and plant disease management. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol., 1999, 37, 399–426.

  • Bezemer, T. M. and Jones, T. H., Plant-insect herbivore interactions in elevated atmospheric CO2: quantitative analyses and guild effects. Oikos, 1998, 82, 212–222.

  • Mattson, W. and Haack, R., Role of drought in outbreaks of planteating insects. Bioscience, 1987, 37, 110–118.

  • Cheng, W., Sakai, H., Yagi, K. and Hasegawa, T., Interactions of elevated CO2 and night temperature on rice growth and yield. Agric. Forest Meteorol., 2009, 149, 51–58.

  • Pritchard, S. G., Rogers, H. H., Prior, S. A. and Peterson, C. M., Elevated CO2 and plant structure: a review. Global. Change. Biol., 1999, 5, 807–837.

  • Douglas, A. E., Phloem-sap feeding by animals: problems and solutions. J. Exp. Bot., 2006, 57, 747–754.

  • Coviella, C. E. and Trumble, J. T., Effects of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide on insect-plant interactions. Conserv. Biol., 1999, 13, 700–712.

  • Smith, P. H. D. and Jones, T. H., Effects of elevated CO2 on chrysanthemum leaf miner, Chromatomyia syngenesiae: a green house study. Global. Change. Biol., 1998, 4, 287–291.

  • Buse, A. and Good, J. E. G., Synchronization of larval emergence in winter moth (Operophtera brumata L.) and budburst in pendunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) under simulated climate change. Ecol. Entomol., 1996, 21, 335–343.

  • Hu, G., Cheng, X. N., Qi, G. J., Wang, F. Y. and Lu, F., Rice planting systems, global warming and outbreaks of Nilaparvata lugens (Stål). Bull. Entomol. Res., 2011, 101, 187–199.

  • Rivera, C. T., Ou, S. H. and Lida, T. T., Grassy stunt disease of rice and its transmission by Nilaparvata lugens (Stal). Plant. Dis. Rep., 1966, 50, 453–456.

  • Srivastava, C., Chander, S., Sinha, S. R. and Palta, R. K., Toxicity of various insecticides against Delhi and Palla population of brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens). Indian. J. Agric. Sci., 2009, 79, 1003–1006.

  • Sampathkumar, M., Shanker, Chitra, Katti, Gururaj and Ravindra Babu, V., Pest survey reports of entomology, All India Coordinated Rice Improvement Programme, Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, 2014, p. 12.

  • Du, P. V., Cabunagan, R. C., Cabauatan, P. Q., Choi, H. S. and Choi, I. R., Yellowing syndrome of rice: etiology, current status and future challenges. Omonrice, 2007, 15, 94–101.

  • Jairin, J., Phengrat, K., Teangdeerith, S., Vanavichit, A. and Toojinda, T., Mapping of a broad-spectrum brown planthopper resistance gene, Bph3, on rice chromosome 6. Mol. Breed., 2007, 19, 35–44.

  • Verma, S. K., Pathak, P. K., Singh, B. N. and Lal, M. N., Indian biotypes of the brown planthopper. Int. Rice Res. Newsl., 1979, 4, 6.

  • Heong, K. L., Tan, K. H., Garcia, C. P. F., Fabellar, L. T. and Lu, Z., Research methods in toxicology and insecticide resistance monitoring of rice planthoppers, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Philippines, 2011, p. 101.

  • Sunil, V., Jhansi Lakshmi, V., Chiranjeevi, K., Sampathkumar, M., Katti, G. R. and Bentur, J. S., Field collection and rearing of rice brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) populations in isolated conditions – a novel methodology. Multilogic Sci., 2018, 8, 207–211.

  • Paguia, P., Pathak, M. D. and Heinrichs, E. A., Honeydew excretion measurement techniques for determining differential feeding activity of biotype of Nilaparvata lugens on rice varieties. Ecol. Entomol., 1980, 73, 35–40.

  • Neumeister, L., Climate Change and Crop Protection – Anything can Happen, Publisher by PAN Asia and Pacific, 2010.

  • Bai, Yi, Dong, Jia-Jia, Guan, De-Long, Xie, Juan-Ying and Xu, Sheng-Quan, Geographic variation in wing size and shape of the grasshopper Trilophidia annulata (Orthoptera: Oedipodidae): morphological trait variations follow an eco-geographical rule. Sci. Rep., 2016, 6, 32680.

  • Krishnaiah, N. V., A global perceptive of rice brown planthopper management I – crop climate requirements. Int. J. Mol. Zool., 2014, 4, 9–18.

  • Sucheta, R. and Mayabini, J., Effect of high temperature on the multiplication of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stal.). Oryza, 2012, 49, 288–291.

  • Kulshreshtha, J. P., Anjaneyulu, A. and Padmanabhan, S. Y., The disastrous brown planthopper attack in Kerela. Indian Farm., 1974, 24, 5–7.

  • Bae, S. H. and Pathak, M. D., Life history of Nilaparvata lugens (Homoptera: Delphacidae) and susceptibility of rice varieties to its attacks. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am., 1970, 63, 149–155.

  • Chiu, M. D., Ecological studies on rice brown planthopper in Chinese. Taiwan Agric. Q, 1970, 6, 143–152.

  • Ho, H. S. and Liu, T. H., Ecological investigation on brown planthopper in Taichung district (in Chinese, English summary). Plant Prot. Bull. (Taiwan), 1969, 11, 33–42.

  • Pathak, M. D., Ecology of common insect pests of rice. Annu. Rev. Entomol., 1968, 13, 257–294.

  • Kalode, M. B., Brown planthopper in rice and its control. Indian Farm., 1976, 27, 3–5.

  • Auad, A. M., Fonseca, M. G., Resende, T. T. and Maddalena, I. S. C. P., Effect of climate change on longevity and reproduction of Sipha flava (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Fla. Entomol., 2012, 95, 433–444.

  • Manikandan, N., Kennedy, J. S. and Geethalakshmi, V., Effects of temperature on life history parameters of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (stal). Afr. J. Agric. Res., 2015, 10, 3678– 3685.

  • Xiaoping, Y., Wu, G. and Cui, H., Effect of high temperatures on the survival and fecundity of brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens (Stal). Int. Rice Res. Newsl., 1992, 17, 26.

  • Bao-Kun, S., Jian-Li, H., Hu Chao-Xing, H. and Mao-Lin, H., Interactive effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on rice planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens. J. Integr. Agric., 2014, 13, 1520– 1529.

  • Deutsch, C. A., Tewksbury, J. J., Huey, R. B., Sheldon, K. S., Ghalambor, C. K., Haak, D. C. and Martin, P. R., Impacts of climate warming on terrestrial ectotherms across latitude. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2008, 105, 6668–6672.

  • Piyaphongkul, J., Effects of thermal stress on brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stal), UK, Doctor of Philosophy Thesis, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, UK, 2013.


Abstract Views: 240

PDF Views: 89




  • Effects of Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Temperature on Rice Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) Populations in India

Abstract Views: 240  |  PDF Views: 89

Authors

Sunil Vailla
ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030, India
Sampathkumar Muthusamy
ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bengaluru 560 024, India
Chiranjeevi Konijeti
ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030, India
Chitra Shanker
ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030, India
Jhansi Lakshmi Vattikuti
ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030, India

Abstract


Two populations of the brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) were collected from two hotspot locations of India – Ludhiana (Punjab) in the north and West Godavari (Andhra Pradesh) in the south, and their biological parameters were studied under ambient conditions. Results showed that the above two populations were notably different in three out of five biological parameters recorded. The response of these two populations to climate variables, viz. elevated temperature and increased levels of CO2 was assessed. These conditions prolonged the nymphal duration (14.2 days) and lowered female longevity (9.6 days), fecundity (155.5 eggs/♀) and nymphal feeding rate (14.3 mm2)) compared to ambient CO2 and temperature across the populations. Honeydew excretion by adults was significantly higher at elevated CO2 than at ambient level. At elevated CO2 and higher temperature, the Ludhiana population recorded significantly longer nymphal duration (15.9 days) and decreased amount of honeydew excretion by nymphs (13.8 mm2) compared to the parameters recorded at elevated CO2 and ambient temperature (12.8 days and 32.8 mm2) respectively). In contrast, West Godavari population recorded significantly reduced female longevity and fecundity under elevated CO2 and higher temperature. Elevated CO2 per se did not adversely affect BPH biology across populations but with the concomitant increase in temperature, populations showed varying response. Location-specific mitigation strategies for management of hoppers will be required to address the varying responses of populations to climate variables.

Keywords


Climate Variables, Fecundity, Honeydew Excretion, Nilaparvata lugens, Nymphal Duration.

References





DOI: https://doi.org/10.18520/cs%2Fv116%2Fi6%2F988-996