An Asian Journal of Soil Science

A. V. Rajani ¹, B. M. Butani ¹, H. K. Shobhana ², J. N. Naria ³, B. A. Golakiya ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh (Gujarat), IN
2 Department of Bio Chemistry, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh (Gujarat), IN
3 Cotton Research Centre, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh (Gujarat), IN

Abstract

The application of FYM also maintained or increased potassium status of LTFE soils. In treatments of FYM (T₈ and T₉), the status of potassium fractions increased. There was overall decrease in available-K₂O status of LTFE soils after 8 year, except in treatments which received FYM (T₈ and T₉), where K₂O status of soil increased as compared to initial status. Water soluble-K also decreased in LTFE soil after a span of 8 years, except in treatments which received FYM (T₈ and T₉). Same results were also recorded in case of exchangeable-K, HNO₃ soluble-K, reserve-K and total-K, here also approved that for maintaining K fertility of soil at long run, it is essential to add organic fertilizer with inorganic ones for maintaining available potassium level in soil, application of organic manure is essential. In fact, all fractions of potassium decreased after a long run in intensive cropping of LTFE soils without addition of FYM. So it is alarming us to use organic fertilizer with inorganic one for maintaining K fertility status of soil in long run. At initial stage of experiment (1^st year) available-K₂O status of LTFE soils showed high category (> 280 Kg K₂O ha^-1), but after long run (8^th year) it decreased to medium category (140-280 Kg K₂O ha^-1), except in treatment of FYM application (T₈ and T₉), where increment in K₂O level was found rather than its depletion. Further it was established that, FYM is essential for maintaining soil fertility at long run. Similar results were also recorded in case of all other fractions of potassium.

Keywords

Potassium Fractions, AICRP-LTFE Soils, Total Potassium, Available Potassium, Nitric Acid Soluble Potassium (1N HNO₃ Soluble K), Exchangeable Potassium, Reserve Potassium, Total Potassium.

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A. V. Rajani ¹, D. V. Patil ², J. N. Naria ³, B. M. Butani ⁴, B. A. Golakiya ⁵

Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh (Gujarat), IN
2 Department of Agricultural Statistics, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh (Gujarat), IN
3 Cotton Research Centre, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh (M.S.), IN
4 Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh (Gujarat), IN
5 Department of Bio Chemistry, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh (Gujarat), IN

Abstract

In case of sulphur status of LTFE soils, FYM played a vital role. It maintained availability of sulphur in soils, but more increment after a long run was observed in T₁₁, where P source was SSP which contains 13% S. Total-S content of LTFE soils increased after a span of 8 years, but it was reversed in case of heat soluble-S, that was decreased after 8 years, except in treatments which received FYM and inorganic-P as a SSP (13% S). It was required to apply S fertilization every year and application of FYM for maintaining available status of soils at long run. Water soluble fraction of sulphur declined very much after 8 years of groundnut-wheat cropping sequence as compared to initial status, but it remained stable in treatments T₄ and T₁₁ which received sulphur from outside sources like ZnSO₄ and SSP. Whereas organic-S status of LTFE soils increased after a span of 8 years, it might be due to incorporation of plant residues to the soils from crop ischolar_mains and stubbles. Sulphate-S in LTFE soils increased after 4^th year and then remained stable except in T₂ and T₃ where depletion in this fraction was noticed perhaps due to the interaction with phosphorus. Non-sulphate-S fraction found significantly the highest in the treatments which received sulphur from outside as ZnSO₄ and SSP (T₄ and T₁₁). In case of heat soluble-S, there was overall decrease in soil status after 4^th year as compared to initial status and after word it maintained level with initial status, but in treatments of FYM and SSP it was increased as compared to initial status after 8^th year of experiment. Whereas total-S status of LTFE soil increased after a span of 8 years. The increment was more in treatments which were received sulphur from fertilizer sources i.e. T₄ and T₁₁. It was required to apply S fertilization every year and application of FYM for maintaining available status of soils at long run. Depletion per cent of sulphur noted positive in case of water soluble-S and it was negative or very low in treatments which received sulphur from fertilizers i. e. T₁₁ and T₄. Most of the other fractions of sulphur were not depleted in most of the treatments.

Keywords

AICRP-LTFE Soils, Sulphur Fractions, Total Sulphur, Organic Sulphur, Sulphate Sulphur, Water Soluble Sulphur, Heat Soluble Sulphur, Non-Sulphate Sulphur.

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A. V. Rajani ¹, D. V. Patil ², B. M. Butani ¹, J. N. Naria ³, B. A. Golakiya ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh (Gujarat), IN
2 Department of Agricultural Statistics, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh (Gujarat), IN
3 Cotton Research Centre, Unagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh (Gujarat), IN
4 Department of Bio Chemistry, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh (Gujarat), IN

Abstract

With respect to forms of nitrogen it can be deduced that there was a declined in soil nitrogen levels. Ammonical-N and Nitrate-N status of LTFE soils in general decreased after long run, but it increased in the treatment T₁₀ due to fixation of atmospheric nitrogen by Rhizobium bacteria. Whereas available-N status in treatments which received FYM (T₈ and T₉), marginally increased. At initial stage of experiment (1^st year) available nitrogen status of LTFE soils falls under medium range (250-500 kg N ha^-1), but after 4^th year it decreased to lower range (<250 Kg N ha^-1) in most of the treatments and then after 8^th year all treatments exhibited low range of available nitrogen status in soil, except treatments which received FYM (T₈ and T₉) which showed medium range in available-N status of LTFE soils. It was established here that for maintaining N fertility of soil at long run, addition of FYM is essential with inorganic fertilizers. In LTFE soils the per cent depletion of different forms of nitrogen was interesting under all treatments. The total-N and O. C. showed negative depletion after a span of 8 year and available-N exhibited positive depletion in all treatments.

Keywords

Nitrogen Fraction, Total Nitrogen, Ammonical Nitrogen, Nitrate Nitrogen, O.C., Available Nitrogen, AICRP-LTFE Soils.

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