An Asian Journal of Soil Science

R. S. Masram ¹, A. A. Patil ², S. R. Kadamand ¹, B. Y. Shewale ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Mahatma Phule Agricultural University, Rahuri, Ahmednagar (M.S.), IN
2 Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Mahatma Phule Agricultural University, Rahuri, Ahmednagar(M.S.), IN
3 Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Mahatma Phule Agricultural University, Rahuri, AHMEDNAGAR (M.S.), IN

Abstract

Cotton is one of the most important cash crop in our country. Reddening is the most recent predominant problem in Bt cotton which became issue of debate for ascertaining the causes and remedies for reddening. To ascertain the role of nutrients in leaf reddening, the field experiment on effect of fertilizer levels on reddening in cotton on Vertisol was conducted at Cotton Improvement Project, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri during May to September, 2008. The experiment was laid out in Factorial Randomized Block Design with three replications and two main treatments i.e., hybrid Bt RCH-2 and Non-Bt RCH-2 and nine sub treatments with different fertilizer doses i.e., F₁ - No recommended doses of fertilizer (RDF), F₂ -50 % RDF, F₃ - 75 % RDF, F₄- 100% RDF, F5 -125% RDF, F₆ - 150% RDF, F₇- 100 % RDF + 2 % DAP spray, F₈ -100% RDF + 1 % MgSO₄ and F₉ -100 % RDF + 1 % KNO₃. The common RDF for Bt as well as non-Bt was 100 N, 50 P₂O₅ and 50 K₂O kg ha^-1. The results revealed that the incidence of leaf reddening was more in Bt cotton than non-Bt cotton. The minimum intensity of reddening in Bt and non-Bt cotton was observed in 100 % RDF + foliar sprays with 1% KNO₃/1% MgSO₄/2% DAP. Among the foliar spray 1% KNO₃ showed minimum reddening of leaves, which suggest that at boll development stage the application of nitrogen and potassium were helpful for controlling the reddening in Bt and non-Bt cotton. However, the application of 100% RDF + 1% MgSO₄ spray was found to be the best for highest content of chlorophyll as well as yield of Bt and non-Bt cotton hybrids.

Keywords

BT and Non-BT Cotton, Yield, Leaf Reddening, Vertisols, Fertilizer Levels.

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R. S. Masram ¹, A. A. Patil ¹, B. Y. Shewale ¹, S. R. Kadam ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Mahatma Phule Agricultural University, Rahuri, Ahmednagar (M.S.), IN

Abstract

The Bt cotton is one of the outcome of gene revolution undertaken for production of cotton. Growing Bt cotton is proved as profitable as compare to non-Bt cotton which resulted in increase the area under cultivation of Bt cotton in Maharashtra as well as in India. The field experiment on effect of fertilizer levels on soil nutrient status at different growth stages and yield of Bt and non-Bt cotton was conducted at Cotton Improvement Project, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri during May to September, 2008. The experiment was laid out in Factorial Randomized Block Design with three replications and two main treatments i.e., hybrid Bt RCH-2 and Non-Bt RCH-2 and nine sub treatments with different fertilizer doses i.e., F₁ - No recommended doses of fertilizer (RDF), F₂-50 % RDF, F₃ - 75 % RDF, F₄ - 100 % RDF, F₅-125 % RDF, F₆ - 150 % RDF, F₇ - 100 % RDF + 2 % DAP spray, F₈ -100 % RDF + 1 % MgSO₄ and F₉ -100 % RDF + 1 % KNO₃ . The common RDF for Bt as well as non-Bt was 100 N, 50 P₂O₅ and 50 K₂O kg ha^-1. The results revealed that the Non-Bt hybrid at 100 % NPK recorded maximum content of available nitrogen, potassium, magnesium and iron in soil as compared to Bt hybrid but except phosphorus which was more in Bt than non-Bt Non-Bt hybrid recorded maximum soil available nitrogen and potassium content in F₉ (100 % RDF + 1 % KNO₃ treatment at boll development stage as compared to Bt hybrid. However, magnesium and iron were maximum in F₈ (100 % RDF + 1 % MgSO₄ treatment in non-Bt as compared to Bt hybrid and phosphorus content was maximum in F7 (100 % RDF + 2 % DAP) treatment in Bt as compared to non-Bt hybrid at boll development stage. The application of 100 % RDF + 1 % MgSO₄ spray recorded highest yield of Bt and non-Bt cotton hybrids.

Keywords

Bt and Non-Bt Cotton, Yield, Soil Nutrient Status, Growth Stages, Fertilizer Levels.

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A. A. Patil ¹, B. Y. Shewale ¹, S. R. Kadam ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Mahatma Phule Agricultural University, Rahuri, Ahmednagar (M.S.), IN

Abstract

Climate change has emerged a major challenge not only for sustainable agriculture but also for human settlement. Climate change including global warming with its adverse impact on the life on the earth is now global issue and becoming severe day by day. The increase in CO₂ concentration results in climate change which is directly or indirectly attributed to human activities that changes the composition of global atmosphere adversely. Scientific models and observations over the past 1000 years provide evidences that global warming is due to anthropogenic increase in green house gas (GHG's)including that of CO₂. The increased atmospheric concentration of CO₂ may influence soil temperature, pattern of precipitation and evaporation and resultant changes in the physiochemical and biological properties of soil. Thus, there has emphasis to reduce this concentration through the process known as carbon sequestration. A considerable part of the depleted Soil Organic Carbon pool can be restored through conversion of marginal lands into restorative land uses, adoption of conservation tillage with cover crops and crop residue mulch, nutrient cycling including the use of compost and manure and other systems of sustainable management of soil and water resources.

Keywords

Soil Quality, Carbon Sequestration, Climate Change, Soil Organic Carbon.

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