Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Technology

Dattatraya M. Shinkar ¹, Amol P. Suryawanshi ¹, Ravindra B. Saudagar ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, R.G. Sapkal College of Pharmacy, Anjaneri, Nashik, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R.G. Sapkal College of Pharmacy, Anjaneri, Nashik, IN

Abstract

The oral drug delivery systems exhibit variable and short gastric emptying time, which result in incomplete drug release from the delivery system. This leads to diminished efficacy of administered dose. Floating drug delivery system (FDDS) can retain the dosage form in the gastric region for several hrs. Designing the Floating drug delivery system for prolong gastric retention helps in improving bioavailability and improve solubility of the drug that are less soluble in a high pH environment. FDDS applicable for drugs having poor bioavailability because of narrow absorption window in the GIT. FDDS increase the bioavailability of drug by retains the dosage form at the site of absorption. This review mainly focus on information on the basis o their design, classification, advantages, evaluation and future scope of FDDS.

Keywords

Floating Drug Delivery System, Gastric Residence Time, Swelling Index, Buoyancy.

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Dhiraj A. Khairnar ¹, Avinash B. Darekar ¹, Ravindra B. Saudagar ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, KCT'S R. G. Sapkal College of Pharmacy, Anjaneri, Dist. Nashik-422212, Maharashtra, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, KCT'S R.G. Sapkal College of Pharmacy, Anjaneri, Dist.Nashik- 422212, Maharashtra, IN

Abstract

Chewing gum has been used for centuries to clean the mouth or refresh the breath. Chewing gum was patented for first time on filed in 1869 and the first medicated chewing gum was commercially made available 1928. In 1991 The European Pharmacopoeia defines medicated chewing gum as ''solid, single-dose preparations with a base consisting mainly of gum that are intended to be chewed but not swallowed''. Chewing gum is an excellent drug delivery system for self-medication as it is convenient and can be administered discretely without water or any other liquid. Basics of the gum formulation, quality control tests, regulatory and safety issues have been addressed to ensure desired therapeutic effects. The release of a drug from chewing gum is dependent upon its water solubility. Water soluble substances are released rapidly and completely from chewing gum and methods are available which retard their release from chewing gum to provide an extended release profile. Slightly water soluble drugs are released slowly and incompletely from chewing gum and require special formulation techniques to produce a satisfactory release profile.

Keywords

Medicated Chewing Gum, Oral Drug Delivery, Buccal Drug Delivery, Increased Release, Elastomer.

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Dhiraj A. Khairnar ¹, Avinash B. Darekar ¹, Ravindra B. Saudagar ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, KCT'S R.G. Sapkal College of Pharmacy, Anjaneri, Dist.Nashik-422212, Maharashtra, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, KCT'S R.G. Sapkal College of Pharmacy, Anjaneri, Dist.Nashik- 422212, Maharashtra, IN

Abstract

The SMEDDS are the isotropic mixture of oil, surfactant and co-surfactant. SMEDDS solve the problem of all BCS class of drug such as solubility, high molecular weight, pre systemic first pass effect, enzymatic degradation, gastric irritation and also increase the bioavailability and stability of drug. Currently a number of technologies are available to deal with the poor solubility, dissolution rate and bioavailability of insoluble drugs one of them is Self‐Micro Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (SMEDDS). lipid based formulations, selfmicroemulsifying formulations (droplet size <100 nm) are evident to improve the oral bioavailability of hydrophobic drugs primarily due to their efficiency in facilitating solubilization and in presenting the hydrophobic drug in solubilized form whereby dissolution process can be circumvented.

Keywords

SMEDDS, Hydrophobic Drugs, Surfactant, Oil, Co-Surfactant, Bioavailability.

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Ghanshyam B. Jadhav ¹, C. L. Athare ², Ravindra B. Saudagar ¹

Affiliations
1 KCT’S RGS College of Pharmacy, Anjaneri, Nashik, Maharashtra, IN
2 SNJB’s SSDJ College of Pharmacy, Neminagar, Chandwad, Nashik, Maharashtra, IN

Abstract

Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) catalyze the dephosphorylation of tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins and are negative regulators of tyrosine kinase receptor mediated signaling. PTP1B directly interacts with both the IR and IGF- 1R. The importance of PTP1B inhepatic metabolism has been demonstrated in vivo and incellular models. Mice lacking the ptpn1 gene exhibit increased insulin sensitivity owing to enhanced phosphorylation of IR in liver and skeletal muscle, resistance to weight gain on a high-fat diet, and an increased basal metabolic rate. So it is a potential therapeutic target for insulin resistance associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes. To date, studies of PTP-1Bhave been limited by the availability of specific antagonists. Here we investigate a series of 2, 5-disubstituted oxadiazole as novel PTP1B inhibitor. We synthesized few compounds from 2, 5-disubstituted oxadiazole series and screened for the PTP1B inhibition. Compound 9exhibited significant inhibitory activity against PTP1B. Compound 9 showed IC50 value of 0.46 μmol/L and favorable pharmacodynamics properties in mouse. Structure-activity relationships were explained with the help of molecular modeling approach.

Keywords

PTP 1 B, Diabetes, 2, 5-Disubstituted Oxadiazole Phosphotyrosine.

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