Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Technology

Pooja Shetty ¹, Ravi Kumar ², Yamunappa ¹, Prathibha Suvarna ¹, V. B. Narayana Swamy ³

Affiliations
1 Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutics, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN
3 Department of Pharmacognosy, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Vamanjoor, Mangalore, IN

Abstract

In recent years, plant derived polymers have evoked tremendous interest due to their diverse pharmaceutical applications such as diluent, binder, disintegrant in tablets, thickeners in oral liquids, protective colloids in suspensions, gelling agents in gels and bases in suppository. These polymers such as natural gums and mucilage are biocompatible, cheap and easily available and are preferred to semi synthetic and synthetic excipients. The main objective of the present work was to develop sustained release matrix tablets of water insoluble drug etodolac using natural polymers and gums like tamarind xyloglucan, gellan gum, sodium CMC and xanthan gum. Tablets were prepared by wet granulation method and evaluated for various physical parameters. The granules prepared were free flowing with good compressibility. FTIR and DSC studies revealed that there was no chemical interaction between the drug and the excipients. The hardness of all the formulated tablets were in the range of 6-7 kg/cm² and friability test was found to be less than 0.1% in all the cases and swelling index studies shown that increase in the concentration of polymer increases the swelling index of tablet. Tablets containing xanthan gum and sodium CMC showed highest swelling index. Drug release was faster from tablets prepared with gellan gum and sodium CMC as matrix forming material. However, tablets formulated with xanthan gum and tamarind xyloglucan it sustained drug release effectively for 12 hrs. And it is reveals that increase i n the polymer concentration decrease the release of Etodolac from matrix tablet. Among the formulation studied, formulation F16 containing xanthan gum (1:0.25) showed release of drug more than 12hrs was found to be the optimized combination. Optimized formulation F16 followed higuchi kinetics. The release co-efficient values 'n' indicated that the drug release followed non fickian anomalous mechanism based on formulation factors. Stability studies were carried out at 40°C±2°C/75%±5% RH for formulation F16 for 90 days. The results of stability studies indicated no significant changes with respect to physicochemical properties and in vitro drug release.

Keywords

Matrix Tablets, Etodolac, Tamarind Xyloglucan, Gellan Gum, Sodium CMC, Xanthan Gum, Wet Granulation.

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Rebecca ¹, Ravi Kumar ², V. B. Narayana Swamy ³

Affiliations
1 Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutics, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN
3 Department of Pharmacognosy, Karavali College of Pharmacy Vamanjoor, Mangalore, IN

Abstract

The objective of this research was to formulate fast dissolving tablets of Labetalol HCl that disintegrate in the oral cavity upon contact with saliva and there by improve therapeutic efficacy. Fast dissolving tablets of Labetalol HCl were prepared by direct compression method by using sublimation method. Seven formulations were prepared and evaluated for hardness, thickness, friability, weight variation, drug content, in vitro disintegration time, in vitro dispersion time, wetting time, water absorption ratio and in vitro dissolution studies. FTIR and DSC studies revealed that there was no chemical interaction between the drug and the excipients. Formulation S5 were found to be the best on the basis of wetting time, in vitro disintegration time and in vitro drug release. The formulation S5 containing Crospovidone as superdisintegrant and ammonium bicarbonate as subliming agent were found to be the optimized combinations. Stability studies were carried out for S5 at 400C±20C/75%±5% RH for 60 days. The results of stability studies indicated no significant changes with respect to physicochemical properties, in vitro disintegration time, wetting time and in vitro drug release.

Keywords

Fast Dissolving Tablets, Labetalol HCI, Superdisintegrant, Direct Compression, Sodium Starch Glycollate, Ammonium Bicarbonate, Camphor.

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Anju Govind ¹, Manjunath B. Menden ², Ravi Kumar ², Simila ¹, Mercy ¹, V. B. Narayana Swamy ³

Affiliations
1 Karavli College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutics, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Vamanjoor, Mangalore, IN
3 Department of Pharmacognosy, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Vamanjoor, Mangalore, GD

Abstract

The present investigation of research is oriented through increasing safety and efficacy of existing drug molecule through novel concept of oral drug delivery Deflazacort is a synthetic steroid that has an anti inflammatory effect. It is used to decrease inflammation in various different diseases and conditions. Deflazacort works by acting within cells to prevent the release of certain chemicals that are important in the immune system. These chemicals are normally involved in producing immune and allergic responses; resulting in inflammation. By decreasing the release of these chemicals in a particular area, inflammation is reduced. This can help control a wide number of disease states characterized by excessive inflammation. These include severe allergic reactions, inflammation of the lungs in asthma and inflammation of the joints in arthritis.

Deflazacort also decreases the numbers of white blood cells circulating in the blood. And patients Nephritic Syndrome, required steroids for long times. Mouth dissolving tablets of Deflazacort were prepared by Superdisintegrant addition method using SSG, and Croscarmellose sodium as superdisintegrants at 5-10% w/w, showed minimum time to disintegrate the tablet (20.13 sec.) and almost complete release of drug within 15 minutes. The optimized formulation F14 was chosen and their optimum results were found to be in close agreement with experimental finding. The FTIR studies for the optimized formulation F14 shows that there was no interaction between drug and excipients. The stability studies for the optimized formulation F14 showed no significant changes.

Keywords

Mouth Dissolving Tablets, Superdisintegrants, Diluents, Deflazacort, Direct Compression.

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P. E. Sawad ¹, Ravi Kumar ², V. B. Narayanaswamy ³

Affiliations
1 Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutics, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN
3 Department of Pharmacognosy, Karavali College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, IN

Abstract

The present work focuses on the development of hydrodynamically balanced delivery system of Atorvastatin as a single-unit floating Tablet which, after oral administration should have the ability to prolong gastric residence time with the desired in vitro release profile for the localized action in the stomach. Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy and DSC study confirmed the absence of any drug/polymers/excipients interactions. Floating effervescent tablets were formulated by various materials like. hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) K4M, K15M, psyllium husk, swelling agent as crospovidone and micro crystalline cellulose and gas generating agent like sodium bicarbonate and citric acid and evaluated for floating properties, swelling characteristics and drug release studies. Floating non effervescent tablets were prepared by polypropylene foam powder and different matrix forming polymers like HPMC K4M, Carbopol 934P xanthan gum and sodium alginate. The Tablets were prepared by wet granulation method and the polymer in varying ratios. The prepared floating tablets were evaluated for hardness, weight variation, thickness, friability, drug content uniformity, buoyancy lag time, total floating time, water uptake (swelling index) and in-vitro dissolution studies Incorporation of gas- generating agent together with polymer improved drug release, besides optimal floating. The formulation was optimized on the basis of in vitro buoyancy and in vitro release in 0.1N HCl. By fitting the data into zero-order, first-order, and Higuchi models, we concluded that the mechanism of release of Atorvastatin from the floating tablet was anomalous diffusion transport and follows zero order kinetics, as the correlation coefficient (R value) was higher for zero-order release. Stability studies revealed that formulations were stable when stored at different temperatures and the values were within permissible limits.

Keywords

Atorvastatin, Floating Drug Delivery System, Hydrocolloids, Gastric Residence Time, Buoyancy.

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