Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

S. Eswaraiah ¹, K. Swetha ¹, M. Lohita ², P. Jaya Preethi ³, B. Priyanka ⁴, Kiran Kumar Reddy ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Sree Sainath Nagar, A. Rangampet, Tirupathi-517102, Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Sree Sainath Nagar, A. Rangampet, Tirupathi-517102, Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh, IN
3 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Sree Sainath Nagar, A. Rangampet, Tirupathi-517102, Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh, IN
4 Department of Pharmacognosy, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Sree Sainath Nagar, A. Rangampet, Tirupathi-517102, Chittoor District, Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

A gel is colloid that is typically 99% by weight liquid. Gels are defined as a substantially dilute cross-linked system, which exhibits no flow when in the steady-state. A major limitation is in the delivery of hydrophobic drugs. To overcome the limitation a novel approach i.e. an emulsion based approach is being used so that even a hydrophobic moiety can enjoy the unique properties of gels. When gel and emulsion are used in combined form the dosage form are referred as emulgel. Emulgels have emerged as one of the most interesting topical delivery system as it has dual release control system i.e. gel and emulsion. The presence of a gelling agent in the water phase converts a classical emulsion into an emulgel. Emulgels for dermatological use have several favorable properties such as being thixotropic, greaseless, easily spreadable, easily removable, emollient, non staining, water-soluble, longer shelf life, bio-friendly, transparent and pleasing appearance. The use of emulgel can be extended in analgesics and antifungal drugs.

Keywords

Emulgel, Hydrophobic, Topical Drug Delivery.

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P. Jaya Preethi ¹, K. Padmini ¹, J. Srikanth ¹, M. Lohita ¹, K. Swetha ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacy, Sri Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Sri Sainath Nagar, Tirupati-517102, IN

Abstract

Central nervous system (CNS) stimulants are medicines that speed up physical and mental processes. Central nervous system stimulants are used to treat conditions characterized by lack of adrenergic stimulation, including narcolepsy and neonatal apnea. Additionally, methylphenidate (Ritalin) and dextroamphetamine sulfate (Dexedrine) are used for their paradoxical effect in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The majority of CNS stimulants is chemically similar to the neurohormone norepinephrine and simulates the traditional "fight or flight" syndrome associated with sympathetic nervous system arousal. Caffeine is more closely related to the xanthines, such as theophylline. A small number of additional members of the CNS stimulant class do not fall into specific chemical groups. The review on central nervous system stimulants gives detail study of CNS stimulant drugs, their mechanism of action and in vivo models of CNS stimulants.

Keywords

CNS Stimulant, Actophotometer, Rota Rod, Open Field Test, Elevated Plus Maze.

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