Asian Journal of Nursing Education and Research

Sumanpreet Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Khalsa College of Nursing, Amritsar, Punjab, IN

Abstract

Depression is a common mental disorder that presents with depressed mood, loss of interest or pleasure, feelings of guilt or low self-worth, disturbed sleep or appetite, low energy, and poor concentration. These problems can become chronic or recurrent and lead to substantial impairments in an individual's ability to take care of his or her everyday responsibilities. At its worst, depression can lead to suicide, a tragic fatality associated with the loss of about 850 000 lives every year.

Study: A Descriptive study to assess depression among elderly population of selected urban community of Cheharta, Amritsar, Punjab.

Objectives:

1. To assess the prevalence of depression among elderly population.

2. To determine association of depression among elderly population with socio-demographic variables.

3. To prepare and distribute the guidelines on stress management.

Methods: The aim of the study is to combat with depression among elderly by preparing and distributing guidelines for prevention of stress. A non-experimental research approach along with descriptive research design was used. Research study was conducted in selected urban community of cheharta, Amritsar, Punjab. Non-Probability sampling technique purposive sampling technique was used for data collection. Socio-demographic profile and Modified Geriatric depression scale was used to assess depression among elderly population of selected urban community of Cheharta, Amritsar, Punjab. The tool was administered to 200 elderly persons of selected urban community. The permission for research was taken from the medical officer of Cheharta. After taking the permission Kartar Nagar an area of Cheharta was chosen for the study. Data for study was collected by door to door visit in selected community. Chi square was employed to determine association of collected data. Result: Results showed that 57(28.5%) of elderly population were from age group of 66-70 years, 110(55%) were females and 151(75.5%) were illiterate. Among the elderly majority 105(52.2%) were having mild level of depression followed by 35(17.5%) who were having moderate depression. It was found that there was significant association of level of depression with age.

Conclusion: It is concluded that mild and moderate depression is more prevalent among elderly in selected urban community of Cheharta, Amritsar.

Keywords

Depression, Elderly Population, Suicide, Purposive Sampling, Chi Squrae.

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Sumanpreet Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Guru Nanak College of Nursing, Dhahan Kaleran, Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar, Punjab, IN

Abstract

Atherosclerotic changes begin in the early ages and progress to great extent during adolescence. Physical inactivity, unhealthy habits, eating fast foods, unhealthy competition and stress make today's adolescents vulnerable to coronary artery disease. WHO in its study has recommended teaching school children about risk factors of coronary artery disease and introduction of early lifestyle modification in school curriculum by identifying risk factors among adolescents. The necessary modification in lifestyle can be introduced early. Coronary artery disease is associated with the habit and lifestyle of people. Any attempt to establish a healthy lifestyle in the population can bring about a reduction in the morbidity and mortality rate due to coronary artery disease.

Statement of problem: A Descriptive study to assess the prevalence of Cardiovascular risk factors among adolescents in selected schools of Banga, District Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar, Punjab.

Aim of study: The aim of the study was to study the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among adolescents (13-19 yrs) and prepare an information guide booklet on prevention of cardiovascular disorders.

Objectives :

1. To assess the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among adolescents

2. To assess the level of BMI among adolescents.

3. To assess the level of stress among adolescents.

4. To determine the association of risk factors of developing cardiovascular disorders among adolescents with selected socio-demographic variables.

5. To prepare and distribute the information guideline booklet on prevention of cardiovascular disorders among adolescents.

Method of study : The aim of the study was to study the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among adolescents (13-19 yrs) and prepare an information guide booklet on prevention of cardiovascular disorders. The present study assesses the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among adolescents in selected schools of Banga, District Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar, Punjab. Stratified cluster sampling technique was followed to select sample. Data was collected by 3 tools Part- A comprises of socio-demographic variable profile i.e. age, gender, dietary pattern, physical activity, BMI, area of residence., life style, type of family, family history of cardiovascular diseases . Part- B comprises of Anthropometric measurement by using measuring tape, weighing machine, stadiometre, body mass index and stress and Part-C was self structured Likert scale on cardiovascular risk factors. Analysis and interpretation of study was done by applying descriptive statistics and chi square findings were represented in forms of table and graphs.

Result: The results showed that among 100 adolescents nearly equal division of adolescent in age group of 13-14 years i.e. 30% in age group of 15-16 32% and in age group 17-19 years is 38%.Majority of adolescent were male 52% and 48% were females. Regarding to BMI majority of adolescents were normal weighted. Majority of adolescents belonged to rural areas 63% and 37% belonged to urban area. Majority of adolescent were vegetarian 59% and 47% were non-vegetarian. About 17% of adolescents were underweight, 33% adolescents were normal, 28% were overweight and 19% were obese class-1 were at risk. Majority (53%) of adolescents were having mild risk and followed by (27 %) having no risk followed by those having moderate risk (13%) and least (7.0%) were having high risk of developing cardiovascular disorders .

Conclusion: With regard to association of cardiovascular risk factors with selected socio-demographic variables such as age (in years),dietary pattern, sex, BMI, area of residence, type of family, family history of cardiovascular diseases, type of family , Association of cardiovascular risk factors with Dietary pattern, BMI , life style, family history of cardiovascular diseases was found statistically significant at p<0.05.

Keywords

Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Adolescence, Prevalence, P<0.05., BMI, CHI Square.

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Sumanpreet Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, S.V.M. College of Nursing Mudhal, Near- Verka, Amritsar, Punjab, IN

Abstract

Mental health is on the verge of emerging as one of the most problematic challenges in the world, while depression is estimated to be the second largest cause of disease burden in our country. Depression is a common mental disorder that presents with depressed mood, loss of interest or pleasure, feeling of guilt or low self-worth, disturbed sleep or appetite, low energy, and poor concentration. Majority of individuals who suffers from severe depression in old age come from a pool of people who suffer primarily from depressive conditions. So there arises the need for prevention.

Methods: The aim of the study is to assess prevalence of psychosocial deviations and depression among senior citizens of selected rural community. A non-experimental research approach along with Cross-sectional descriptive research design was used. Research study was conducted in selected rural community of Gurdaspur, Punjab. Non-Probability sampling technique purposive sampling technique was used for data collection. The study was delimited to senior citizens residing in selected rural community. It was assumed that the senior citizens may or may not have any psychosocial problems and depression. Socio-demographic variables were age, gender, education, income, self efficacy, employment, years of retirement, life partner alive or expired. Likert scale on psychosocial deviations of senior citizens and Modified Beck's depression inventory was used to assess depression among senior citizen of selected rural community of Gurdaspur , Punjab. The tool was administered to 100 elderly persons of selected rural community. The permission for research was taken from the authorities of selected village. Data for study was collected by door to door visit in selected community. Chi square was employed to determine association of collected data.

Result: According to age of the senior citizen out of 100, majority were in age group of 66-70years (26%). As per educational status most of senior citizens were un-educated (47%). Distribution of study sample according to employment in which maximum were homemakers (74%). Regarding monthly income majority (52%) had family income Rs upto 2000/-. Distribution of study subjects according to self efficacy (61%) of senior citizens belonged to group not self efficate. Regarding gender most of study subjects were male; (59%). Pertaining to years of retirement counted maximum in 1-3 year group (46.%). According to life partner alive or expired maximum (53.%) were living with their life partners.

Conclusion: Hence, it may be concluded that out of 100 study subjects, majority were in age group 66-70 years, were homemakers ,un-educated with monthly income upto 2000/-. (57%) of the subjects had medium level of psychosocial deviations and overall mean was 33.33. (24%) severe level of depression. The overall mean of depression was 16.66. It shows that a significant association was found between psychosocial deviations and depression with age, income, self efficacy, years of retirement, life partner alive or expired.

Keywords

Senior Citizens, Psychosocial Deviations, Chi Square, Modified Beck's Depression Inventory, Purposive Sampling Technique.

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Sumanpreet Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Khalsa College of Nursing, Amritsar, Punjab, IN

Abstract

Stigma is common toward persons with mental health problems and can be defined as a label that sets a person apart from others, links her or him with undesirable characteristics and leads to avoidance by others in society. To aid in the planning of effective and well-targeted initiatives to reduce stigma we examined in my dissertation the prevalence of stigmatizing attitudes and the factors associated with stigmatizing of school going students with mental disorders.

Statement of the problem: A Correlational Descriptive Study to assess the knowledge and attitude of school student towards mental illness of selected school of Amritsar Punjab.

Objectives of the study: The objectives are to:

1. To assess the knowledge regarding the mental illness of school student.

2. To assess the attitude towards mental illness of school student.

3. To find the correlation between knowledge score and attitude score of school student regarding the mental illness.

4. To determine the association between knowledge and attitude scores of school student regarding the mental illness with selected socio- demographic variables.

Method: A non-experimental research approach along with co-relational descriptive research design was used. Research study was conducted in selected school of Amritsar, Punjab. Probability sampling technique purposive sampling technique was used for data collection. Socio-demographic profile and Self structured Likert scale for knowledge and attitude towards mental illnesses among students of selected school of Amritsar, Punjab. The tool was administered to 100 students. The permission for study was taken from the principal of the school. After taking the permission medical and non-medical students were chosen for the study by stratified random sampling technique. All the students were given explanation about the study and the tools and tools were distributed to fill. Health education was conducted by chart display on mental health in school auditorium.

Results : It shows that majority (37%) of students have average knowledge followed by 35 % who were having poor knowledge, 28% were having good knowledge and majority (56%) of students have negative attitude towards mental illnesses followed by 44 % who were having positive attitude. Coefficient of correlation was 0.52 concluded that knowledge and attitude towards mental illnesses among school students have positive correlation. It was concluded that there was no significant association between gender whereas stream of education and area of residence is associated with knowledge and attitude towards mental illnesses of school students.

Conclusion: It was concluded that there was no significant association between gender where as stream of education and area of residence is associated with knowledge and attitude towards mental illnesses of school students.

Keywords

School Students, Assess, Attitude, Knowledge, Mental Illness, Chi-Square.

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Sumanpreet Kaur ¹

Affiliations
1 Khalsa College of Nursing, Amritsar, Punjab, IN

Abstract

The extent of alcoholism is very grave, which calls for immediate attention from the society and health professionals as alcohol related problems cost heavily for family and form a major public health problem. They not only effect the individual but also the one who surrounds him and involved with person in form of personal relationship. The wives who do not drink but are victimized by chemical abuse, are called codependents. Codependency is an unconscious addiction to another person's abnormal behavior which effects badly adaptation skills of wives of alcoholics resulting in depression and various marital problems. Statement of problem: A Descriptive Study to assess Depression and Codependency among Wives of Alcoholics in a selected Rural Community of Gurdaspur, Punjab. Objectives of study: To assess the level of depression among wives of alcoholics. 1. To assess the level of codependency among wives of alcoholics. 2. To ascertain the correlation between codependency and depression among wives of alcoholics. 3. To determine the association of codependency and depression among wives of alcoholics with selected socio-demographic variables.4. To prepare and distribute the guidelines on prevention of codependency and depression among wives of alcoholics. Method: The aim of the study is to combat with codependency and depression among wives of alcoholics by preparing and distributing guidelines for prevention of codependency and depression. The present study assesses the level of depression and codependency among wives of alcoholics in village Saroopwali Kalan of district Gurdaspur, Punjab. Total Enumerative sampling technique was followed to select sample. Level of depression was assessed by Modified Zung Self- Rating Depression Scale and level of codependency was measured by Modified Span Fisher Codependency Assessment Scale. Result: The results showed that among 212 wives of alcoholics, majority (32.1%) were having mild depression level whereas majorities (72.2%) were having medium level of codependency. Pearson's coefficient of correlation showed positive (r=+0.763) correlation between codependency and depression. ANOVA was applied to assess association of codependency and depression with selected socio-demographic variables Age, occupation, monthly family income, number of year of marriage, number of children were found associated with level of codependency and depression whereas number of years of alcohol dependence of partner was found associated with codependency only at p<0.05. Conclusion: Pearson's coefficient of correlation showed positive (r=+0.763) correlation between codependency and depression.

Keywords

Wives of Alcoholics, Depression, ANOVA, Total Enumerative Sampling Technique, Codependency.

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