Asian Journal of Bio Science

Sachin Kumar ¹, Ashwani Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology, Allahabad School of Agriculture, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad (U.P.), IN

Abstract

The experiment were conducted on efficacy of biopesticides and certain chemical insecticides against mustard aphid (Lipaphis erysimi Kalt) at research farm Department of Entomology, SHIATS Allahabad during Rabi season of 2012-2015. Result showed that significantly higher seed yield and net return were recorded with spraying of dimethoate 30 EC followed by malathion 50 EC and neem oil (0.5%), respectively. The cost benefit ratio descending order was dimethoate 30 EC > malathion 50 EC > NSKE > Bacillus thuringiensis > neem oil > Beauveria bassiana> Metarhizium anisopliae > Verticillium lecanii> tobacco leaf extract.

Keywords

Aphid, Cost Benefit (C: B) Ratio, Dimethoate, Lipaphis erysimi, Malathion, Neem Oil, NSKE.

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Narendra Singh Dhaked ¹, Hemant Lyall ¹, Ashwani Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Entomology, Allahabad School of Agriculture, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad (U.P.), IN

Abstract

The present investigation was conducted during Rabi season of 2013 –ecofriendly management of mustard aphid (Lipaphis erysimi kalt.) on mustard (Brassica juncea L.) at Research field, Naini, Allahabad using Randomized Block Design (RBD) method in three replications. The seven treatments namely cypermethrin 25EC, marigold leaf 5 per cent, cow urine 17 per cent, neem oil 0.1 per cent, neem leaf extract 5 per cent,Calotropis procera leaf 5 per cent , kinnow leaf 5 per cent as treatments were used to check their efficacy against mustard aphid (Lipaphis erysimi Kalt.) on mustard. The observations on infestation of Lipaphis erysimi(Kalt.) 24 hours before (pre – treatment) and 3^rd, 7^th and 14^th day after treatment (post – treatment) at two spraying were recorded for computing the mean aphid infestation. The data were subjected to statistical analysis (ANOVA) after appropriate transformation for interpretation. Insecticides treatments were applied as respective two sprays which revealed that the application of insecticides, significantly decreased the aphid infestation in 3 and 7 days and significantly 14 days resulted better performance. The minimum aphid infestation was observed with the cypermethrin 25EC (69.87), neem oil 1 per cent (68.01), marigold leaf 5 per cent (67.96) neem leaf extract 5 per cent (46.79),Calotropris procera leaf 5 per cent (46.52),cow urine (63.46) and kinnow leaf 5 per cent (60.59), minimum aphid infestation was observed it was also superiorly significant and more effective as compared to all other treatments. The data regarding seasonal incidence was also recorded and the highest population of mustard aphid (Lipaphis erysimi Kalt.) commenced from 4^th standard week (January last week) with an average 4 aphids/plant. The aphid population increased and gradually reached peak level of 51.15 aphids/plant at 8^th standard week (February third week). The highest yield (15.75 q/h) was noticed in cypermethrin 25 EC followed by neem oil 1 per cent (14.50 q/h) marigold leaf 5 per cent ( 12.90), neem leaf extract 5 per cent (9.25), Calotropris procera leaf 5 per cent (8.40 q/h), cow urine 17 per cent (8.20), kinnow leaf 5 per cent (7.08) over 5.80 q/h yield of untreated control. The best cost benefit ratio was obtained with cypermethrin 25EC (1:3.10), neem oil 1 per cent (1:2.64), marigold leaf 5 per cent (1:2.38) neem leaf extract 5 per cent (1:1.44),Calotropris procera leaf 5 per cent (1:1.21), cow urine (1:1.19) and kinnow leaf 5 per cent (1:0.87).

Keywords

Botanicals, Chemical, Cost Benefit Ratio, Efficacy, Insecticides, Incidence, Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.).

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Navodita Maurice ¹, Ashwani Kumar ², P. W. Ramteke ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Biological Sciences, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Naini, Allahabad (U.P.), IN
2 Department of Plant Protection, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Naini, Allahabad (U.P.), IN

Abstract

India has an incredible affluent assortment of both flora and fauna. The fauna is extremely distinctive establishing the ecosystem steadiness in a drastic comportment. Ladybird beetles are cosmopolitan in distribution. They diminutive insects ranging in size from 1-10 mm, vibrantly clad with shades of red, yellow or orange with spots on their elytra, belonging to the order Coleoptera and family Coccinellidae. North India has an exceedingly loaded population of ladybird beetles together with both the herbaceous and aphidophagous species. They are elected as farmer's friends as they prey upon a number of insect pests like aphids, mealybugs, thrips other soft bodied insects and phytophagous mites. They are persuasive biocontrol agents and indispensable gears of integrated pest management. They have already been time-honored as successful biocontrol agents against coccids, diaspids and other pest infestations. Present work spotlights on the effect of density on cannibalism by different larval stages of the zigzag ladybird beetle, Cheilomenes sexmaculata.

Keywords

Ladybirds Beetles, Coccinellidae, Biocontrol Agents, Integrated Pest Management, Cannibalism.

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