Asian Journal of Bio Science

Amit Alexander Charan ¹, Aradhana Irene Charan ¹, Om Prakash Verma ¹, Syed Suaib Naushad ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Molecular and Cellular Engineering, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, ALLAHABAD (U.P.), IN
2 Department of Biochemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, ALLAHABAD (U.P.), IN

Abstract

Pollution of water sources due to chemicals plays a primary role in the destruction of ecosystems but chemical analyses alone may not suffice to describe the adverse effects of the complex mixtures of chemicals present at contaminated sites. The potential utility of biomarkers for monitoring both environmental quality and the health of organisms inhabiting in the polluted ecosystems has received increasing attention during the last years. In the present investigation, the antioxidant profile of Clarias batrachus, a fresh water fish was determined by evaluation of antioxidant enzymes, SOD activity, catalase activity, glutathione peroxidase activity, glutathione-S-transferase activity, reduced glutathione, level of conjugated dienes, hydrogen peroxidase activity and malondialdehyde level. The studies showed that in fishes after exposure to phenolic compounds (treated group), there was a significant abnormal level of all the parameters as mentioned above at P<0.05 in comparison to normal (untreated group).

Keywords

Clarias batrachus, Phenolic Compounds, Antioxidant Profile, Antioxidant Enzymes.

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Aradhana Irene Charan ¹, Amit Alexander Charan ¹, Vineeta Gurnani ¹, Prateek Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Molecular and Cellular Engineering, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad (U.P.), IN

Abstract

Vibrio causes cholera with other major gastrointestinal disease which is very fatal and in this study we have analyzed whether the medicinal effects of these spices, which are used on daily basis, can minimize the activity of Vibrio species. In project named, “To study the therapeutic role of Indian spices in the treatment of gastrointestinal disease caused by Vibrio species” five of the spices were selected. They were Hing (Ferula assa), Jeera (Cuminum cyminum), black pepper (Piper nigrum), Saunf (Foeniculum vulgare), black mustard (Brassica nigra) based on the studies and research made on their medicinal values. In order to determine the antimicrobial activity/effect of spices bacteria Vibrio and its species were selected. The antibacterial activity of the extracts of all the spices were screened by analyzing the effect on the growth of Vibrio species through their zone of inhibition produced. Aqueous effects of all five spices were obtained using two solvents ethanol and methanol extraction with the concentration of 85 per cent and 100 per cent. The liquid portion of extract was collected and rest was discarded. Antibacterial studies were investigated using agar well diffusion method to determine the effect of these spices against the Vibrio species. The study confirmed the antioxidant activity and property of spices extracted.

Keywords

Vibrio, Ferula assa, Cuminum cyminum, Piper nigrum, Foeniculum vulgare, Brassica nigra, Syzygium aromaticum.

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Prateek Singh ¹, Dheeban Chakravarthi Kannan ², Vineeta Gurnani ¹, Aradhana Irene Charan ¹, Amit Alexander Charan ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Molecular and Cellular Engineering, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad (U.P.), IN
2 The Energy and Resources Institute, New Delhi, IN

Abstract

Continuous use of fossil fuel is globally considered as unsustainable because of depleting supplies and these fuels also account for accumulation of green house gases in the environment. Renewable, carbon neutral, transport fuels are necessary for environmental and economic sustainability. Microalgae feedstocks are gaining interest in the present day energy scenario due to their fast growth potential coupled with relatively high lipid, carbohydrate and nutrients contents. All of these properties render them an excellent source for biofuels such as biodiesel, bioethanol and biomethane; as well as a number of other valuable pharmaceutical and nutraceutical products. It’s a carbon neutral fuel. But high production cost is still a big hurdle in its commercialisation. Various optimisations are discussed in this research for the commercialization of algal biofuels. The production cost of algal biofuel is still quite high, so a lot of optimisation studies for growth parameters, lipid productivity and lipid extraction process are needed, which are discussed in this study. Commercialization of microalgae for biodiesel is technically feasible. Studies had shown that algae biofuel has the potential to completely displace liquid fuels derived from petroleum. Economics of producing microalgal biodiesel need to improve substantially to make it competitive with petrodiesel, but the level of improvement necessary appears to be attainable.

Keywords

Microalgae, Biofuels, Nutraceutical, Biomass, D. tertiolecta, D. salina.

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Vineeta Gurnani ¹, Prateek Singh ¹, Aradhana Irene Charan ¹, Amit Alexander Charan ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Molecular and Cellular Engineering, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad (U.P.), IN

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. No cure has been observed for the disease, and it worsens as it progresses, which eventually leads to death. It is believed that some plaques and tangles develop within the structure of the brain which causes brain cells to die. Alzheimer’s patients also have a deficiency of neurotransmitters which ultimately hampers the transmission of messages in the brain. It was confirmed by Amyloid hypothesis that beta-amyloid (βA) deposits are the fundamental cause of the disease. So, in this research natural and synthetic compounds were selected on the basis of their binding or inhibition to the amyloid precursor protein (APP). The protein and the ligands were optimized, docked and their interaction was visualized on the basis of binding energy.

Keywords

Alzheimer’s, Amyloid, Docking, Binding Energy.

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