https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/tijst/issue/feed The International Journal of Science & Technoledge 2020-07-21T13:26:35+00:00 Ramesh Swarnakar publication@theijbm.com Open Journal Systems '<span>The International Journal of Science &amp; Technoledge’ (ISSN 2321 – 919X) is a monthly peer reviewed open access academic international journal and we encourage up-to-date research work on scientific territory, latest enterprises, inclination, and engineering &amp; technological up-gradations. Aim ‘The IJST’ aims at the creation, dissemination and re-invention of knowledge, emphasised by the quintessence of extraordinary and innovative research works. Our multi-dimensional mission is to promote awareness of and compatibility with the dynamics of study area among scholars, academicians, professors, and proponents. Vision ‘The IJST’ is a looking glass that reflects the ever-changing faces as well as the cerebral aspect of science and its application. It not only encompasses all the ideas of primary field of science and technology, but also equally concentrates on every miniscule detailing of the newest modification and innovation of sub-genres of science and technology. With a Panoramic spectacle of research components, ‘The IJST’ pronounces a strong note of consistency, stringency and a specialised inclination towards the subjects concerned.</span> https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/tijst/article/view/199344 The Model of Rural Youth Empowerment through Red Chili Farming in Sindangkasih Sub-district of Ciamis, Indonesia 2020-07-21T13:25:50+00:00 Lukman Effendy publication@theijst.com Wida Pradiana publication@theijst.com Risna Rahmawati publication@theijst.com <p><em>Number of farmers massively decreased over years. In fact, BPS data shows an average decreasing value of 1.1 percent per year during the period 2010-2017. This study was intended to grow a new generation of farmers and was conducted in several villages that also became red chili production centers in Sindang Kasih Subdistrict of Ciamis. This survey research was aimed to: (1) Describe youth empowerment level in red chili farmer community, (2) Determine factors affecting youth empowerment, and (3) Formulate the strategy of youth empowerment. A total of 91 respondents in this study were selected from a population of 91 people according to Slovin formula. Data collection was done through closed-ended questionnaire that has been tested for its validity and reliability. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression were applied to analyze the data. Results of this study were included: (1) Youth empowerment level was categorized as moderate, (2) Factor that affected empowerment was youth involvement in agricultural program (X3) with coefficient of 0.581 (p≤ 0.01), while internal characteristic (X1) and external characteristic (X2) did not significantly affect empowerment, (3) Empowerment strategy could be started by increasing youth involvement in the existing agricultural development program.</em></p> 2020-06-30T00:00:00+00:00 https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/tijst/article/view/199345 Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Morels (Morchella Species) Habitat in Mankial Valley, District Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan 2020-07-21T13:25:55+00:00 Syed Fazal Baqi Kakakhel publication@theijst.com <p><em>Ecological information on micro fungi is adequately but ecology of macro fungi in over-all has got minimum concentration from mycologists. The morels (Morchella species) are usually well-known as spongy mushroom belongs to genus Morchella and phylum Ascomycota. They are widely recognized as wild edible fungi. The information on ecology of morels in the study area may be data deficient or few studies may have been conducted. Therefore, this study was carried out to assess physical and chemical characteristics of morels habitat. </em><em>Soil samples were collected from 10plotslaid down in various habitats of Morchella species. Five species of Morchella species include </em><em>Morchella esculenta Fr., MorchelladeliciosaFr., MorchellaconicaPers., MorchellasemiliberaDC.,Morchella rotunda (Pers) Bound., </em><em>grow naturally and plentifully, and their physical properties (</em><em>Soil cover and texture, soil temperature, air temperature, % Relative humidity, altitude, Soil PH, water holding capacity, organic matter, Lime, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Soluble Salt)</em><em> and chemical properties (Nitrogen, Phosphorus. Potassium) were determined.It was found that Morchellaspecies growth needed a soil that was slightly or moderatelyalkaline (pH </em><em>4.7 to 6.9</em><em>) having soil temperature</em><em>4<sup> 0</sup>C to 5.5 <sup>0</sup>C, air temperature 15.8 <sup>o</sup>C to 17.3 <sup>o</sup>C, % relative humidity 70% to 70.62%, altitude 2054 to 2835 meter, water holding capacity 23.4% to 29.2%,organic matter 1.79% to 2.41% , electric conductivity 0.04 to 0.2, total soluble salt 0.013 to 0.064, Nitrogen 0.09% to 0.12%, Phosphorus 4.2% to 14.6%, Potassium 1.36% to 8.28% and Calcium 3.25 % to 4.0%. The soil of the study area is rich in nutrients, elements and climatic conditions, are favorable for the growth morels thus support these five species of morels. </em><em></em></p> 2020-06-30T00:00:00+00:00 https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/tijst/article/view/199346 Infection Rates of Schistosoma Haematobium among Primary School Children in Garsen Constituency, Tana River County, Kenya and the Types of Snail Vectors 2020-07-21T13:25:59+00:00 Ong'asia Clarice Kuta publication@theijst.com Lucy Kamau publication@theijst.com Ngethe Muhoho publication@theijst.com <p><em>Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease caused by blood flukes (trematodes) of the genus Schistosoma. Both urinary schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma haematobium and intestinal schistosomiasis caused by S. mansoni occur in various regions of Kenya, including the coastal region. River Tana which flows through Garsen, offer breeding sites for Bullinus snails which are the fresh water snail vectors for S. haematobium. A study was conducted at Garsen constituency to assess the infection rates and intensity of S. haematobium infections among the school going children, and also determined the main water contact activities influencing infection in the area and the vector involved in transmission.The study involved collection and examination of urine samples using a microscope for diagnosis as well as quantification of eggs for determination of intensity. Questionnaires and interviews were used to collect qualitative data. ANOVA test was used to analyse infection rates among the age sets and the water contact activities. Chi square computation was used to analyse snails collected at different sites. T test was used to compare the difference in infection rates and intensities between male and female pupils. An overall prevalence of 21% was obtained with male pupils recording the highest prevalence of 27.5%. A total egg count of 3798 eggs per 10ml of urine was recorded among 63 pupils who were positive. 67% of the positive pupils had heavy infection intensities. Swimming was the predominant activity among the pupils along the river, while Bullinus nasutus were the predominant vector.</em></p> 2020-05-31T00:00:00+00:00 https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/tijst/article/view/199347 Trend Analysis of Road Transport Infrastructure Development in Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria 2020-07-21T13:26:04+00:00 Nwanneka Tonnie Okoye publication@theijst.com Samuel Oji Iheukwumere publication@theijst.com Kelechi Friday Nkwocha publication@theijst.com Ifunanya Rita Igboanugo publication@theijst.com <p><em>Road transport which is the most accessed means of transport system has remained vital to the growth of any society. Therefore, the development of adequate and robust road transport system is a necessity for economic growth and live ability.  In this paper attempt was made to analysis the trend in road transport infrastructure development in Awka the capital city of Anambra State from 2006 to 2017. A handheld Global Positioning System (GPS) device was used to acquire the requisite coordinates. Geographic Information System (ArcGIS version 10.5) was used to acquire and plot the imageries of the routes. The result shows continues increase in the development of road transport infrastructure in the State. In 2011 roads increased from 600 (2006) to 2500 (Tarred 1900; Untarred 600) while 2017 has a count of 4,769 roads (Tarred 3,360; Untarred 1,409). The result also showed a growth rate of 12.2% from 2006 to 2011 and a growth rate of 5.20% from 2011 to 2017. It was observed that despite the increase in road construction and rehabilitation traffic congestion was still an issue in some routes. This observation is attributable to the fact that most of the carriages are not wide enough. To enhance migration, flow of goods and services, carriage expansion and alternative routes to various locations be made.   </em></p> 2020-06-30T00:00:00+00:00 https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/tijst/article/view/199348 Perioperative Nursing Management of Pregnant Women with Novel Coronavirus Infection 2020-07-21T13:26:13+00:00 Dada Rotimi Williams publication@theijst.com <p><em>This article presents the practical considerations for the perioperative management of a pregnant woman during the pandemic of novel coronavirus infection in Lagos university teaching hospital Nigeria. The article focused on childbirth, perioperative management of caesarean delivery, and immediate postpartum care.</em></p> 2020-06-30T00:00:00+00:00 https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/tijst/article/view/199349 Short Term Load Forecasting: A Review of Improved Exponential Grey Smoothing Method, Ann & Fuzzy Logic Methods 2020-07-21T13:26:20+00:00 Opanweze Chioma Cynthia publication@theijst.com Godwin Aboi publication@theijst.com Sadiq Thomas publication@theijst.com <p><em>Short term load forecasting techniques have been used extensively over the years, and have produced effective results. Generation, transmission and the distribution companies make use of load forecast data to plan their day to day operation. This paper takes a look at the improved exponential grey smoothing method, artificial neural network (Ann), and the fuzzy logic method. Some of the works under this method were also reviewed, and the uniqueness of each method was described.</em></p> 2020-06-30T00:00:00+00:00 https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/tijst/article/view/199350 Performance Evaluation of the Application of Terotechnology in the University of Benin, Nigeria, Enterprise Table Water Factory, Using Cronbach Alpha (α) Model 2020-07-21T13:26:26+00:00 Kingsley Omoyibo Queeneth Adesuwa publication@theijst.com <p><em>Terotechnology is an observational science that integrates technological and managerial skills essentially for the socio-economic development of an industry, it  is employed in this paper using statistical study to apply mathematical models such as the Cronbach alpha in analyzing data for performance evaluation of a table water factory gathered from administered questionnaires in a five Likert scale in order to evaluate its practices in the factory to help boost the productivity  of the University of Benin Enterprises table water factory. The goal of this study is to reduce poor maintenance practices. Primary data were collected from the factory workers and utilized in computing the Cronbach Alpha in order to evaluate internal consistency collected data. From the index of association, α ≥ 0.9 was considered excellent and the percentage of respondents that strongly agreed on the practice of terotechnology was high at 265 out of 500 respondents with 53% response with a value of Cronbach Alpha recorded at 0.9598, indicating that the questions were internally consistent. Therefore, 85% of the workforce supported the implementation and the practice of Terotechnology in the table water factory in order to improve the day to day running of the table water factory.</em></p> 2020-06-30T00:00:00+00:00 https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/tijst/article/view/199351 Determination of pH and Microbiological Quality of Commonly Used Tomato Pastes in Katsina Metropolis, Katsina State, Nigeria 2020-07-21T13:26:30+00:00 Salisu Mansur Dabai publication@theijst.com Hambali Hindatu publication@theijst.com Yusuf Buhari publication@theijst.com Ilyasu Mubarak publication@theijst.com Gambo Mukhtar publication@theijst.com <p><em>Tomato products are of considerable importance worldwide and the demand for tomato paste is increasing rapidly both in domestic and international market. Tomato samples of six different local and international brands were purchased from various retail outlets and analysed for pH values and microbiological quality. The pH values of all the tomato paste samples analysed were lower than the critical level of 4.6, with Mamia (a local brand) having the highestpH value of 4.15. Substantially higher bacterial count was observed in De Rica (an imported brand) and the least viable count was observed in Gino (an imported brand) with no bacterialisolate detected. Five different bacterial species (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus spp, Streptococcus spp and Lactobacillus) were isolated fromthe different brands with Bacillus spp having the highest percentage occurrence. Higherfungal count was observed in De Rica and least was observed in Mamia with no fungi detected.Four different fungal species were detected (Penicilium spp., Mucor spp., Aspergillus niger and Rhizopus spp) in the tested samples, withMucor spp having the highest percentage occurrence. All samples of tomato pastes examined show acceptable pH values but poor microbiological quality, which poses significant public health hazard. This necessitates the need for further studies to investigate the extent of microbial contamination of canned and sachet products used in the preparation of routine cuisines, imposition of strict HACCP principles on processing plants to ensure safety of products and prevention of food-associated diseases and poisoning as well as public enlightenments on sterilization of such products at high cooking temperatures prior to consumption.e</em></p> 2020-06-30T00:00:00+00:00 https://www.i-scholar.in/index.php/tijst/article/view/199352 Knowledge and Use of Uniuyo Website by Academics of the University of Uyo, Nigeria 2020-07-21T13:26:35+00:00 Batta Nevelyn William publication@theijst.com <p><em>College and university websites serve a myriad of purposes. They are a resource for academic research, a hub for current students and a source of news for alumni. Moreover, websites offer great significance in the level of overall corporate performance and achievement, providing at the same time, improved nature of memorable experience with the institution by stakeholders. The University of Uyo is not left out in this experience as it hosts a website named www.uniuyo.edu.ng.<strong> </strong>This study assessed the extent of knowledge of academic staff about the website and found out their perceptions, gratifications and challenges of the academics regarding the website. It found that majority of the academic staff were aware of the existence of the website, perceived it as an information source that was easy to use, accessible and interactive. The academics used the website majorly as a means of sending and receiving information internally and for collaborations with colleagues outside the university as well as for research purposes. However, poor /unavailability of network, dated information as well as low computer skills among other factors majorly impeded their optimal utilization of the website. The study recommended that university management works towards increasing the availability of network and sustain access, interactivity as well as offer periodic training to academics on website usage. </em></p> 2020-06-30T00:00:00+00:00