Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology

Simran Kukreja ¹, Sonal Priya ¹, Shraddha Bhondekar ¹, Nupur Verma ¹, Sonal Jain ¹, Aivant Golchha ¹, Ganesh Sinha ¹, Shubham Kumar ¹, Chandan Mandal ¹, Asha Patel ¹, Mukta Agrawal ¹, D. K. Tripathi ¹, Ajazuddin ¹, Amit Alexander ¹

Affiliations
1 Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka-Kurud Road, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, 490024, IN

Abstract

The objective of this review article is to discuss the potential of sodium alginate as a biopolymer in the formulation development and its allied applications. There is a growing trend in pharmaceutical in food industry to avoid the harsh condition in the preparation for administration to the body or for the storage purpose as it induce the side effects, instability or loss of therapeutic effect of the medicament. The immobilization method is a versatile functional biomaterial for viscosity enhancement, stabilizer, matrixing agent, encapsulation polymer, bio adhesive and film former in transdermal and transmucosal drug delivery. Among various tested methods of this process that make use of different enzyme-carrier interactions, immobilization by adsorption on solid carriers has appeared most common. According to these findings, in this review we present a comparative analysis of the literature reports on the recent trends in the immobilization of the enzymes by adsorption. In this review article, the various aspects of pharmaceutical microemulsin where compile together and the target audience are specifically the M. Pharm and B. Pharm student so that their knowledge towards the subject concern can be enhanced and also at the same time can be motivated towards the publication.

Keywords

Immobilization, Adsorption, Cross Linking, Microencapsulation.

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Rita Devi ¹, Vicky Soni ¹, Savej Malik ¹, Alok Singh ¹, Kundan Banjare ¹, Vikram Singh ¹, Tanuja Janghel ¹, Pooja Pal ¹, Mukta Agrawal ¹, D. K. Tripathi ¹, Ajazuddin ¹, Amit Alexander ¹

Affiliations
1 Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka-Kurud Road, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, 490024, IN

Abstract

Recent technological and scientific research has been devoted to the development of rate controlled drug delivery systems to overcome physiological adversities such as short gastric residence times and unpredictable gastric emptying times. The floating or hydro-dynamically controlled drug delivery systems are useful in such application. The objective of our review is to compile the recent advancements and developments regarding the novel dosage form i.e. the floating drug delivery systems (FDDS) that can be retained in the stomach for a prolonged period of time and gives therapeutic action in a predetermined manner. In these review article,the various aspects of pharmaceutical floating drug delivery system(FDDS) were compiled together and the target ordinance are specifically the M. Pharm and B Pharm students so that their knowledge towards the subject concern can be enhanced and also at the same time can be motivated towards the publication.

Keywords

Gastric Retention, Oral Controlled Release System, Gastric Resistance, Emptying Time, FDDS.

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Rashmi Verma ¹, Yamini Dewangan ¹, Lokeshwari Sahu ¹, Barkha Dongre ¹, Khushboo Mishra ¹, Trilok Patel ¹, Sakhram Nishad ¹, Ashish Damle ¹, Ghanshyam Sahu ¹, K. DeviRao ¹, Mithlesh Patle ¹, Mukta Agrawal ¹, D. K. Tripathi ¹, Ajazuddin ¹, Amit Alexander ¹

Affiliations
1 Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka-Kurud Road, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, 490024, IN

Abstract

The current article has been focused on the Mucoadhesive drug delivery system may be designed to enable prolonged retention at the site of application, providing a controlled rate of drug release for improved therapeutic outcome. Mucoadhesion is commonly defined as the adhesion between two materials, at least one of which is a mucosal surface. Application of dosage forms to mucosal surfaces may be of benefit to drug molecules not amenable to the oral route, such as those that undergo acid degradation or extensive first-pass metabolism. The Mucoadhesive ability of a dosage form is dependent upon a variety of factors, including the nature of the mucosal tissue and the physicochemical properties of the polymeric formulation. This review article aims to provide an overview of the various aspects of mucoadhesion, Mucoadhesive materials, factors affecting mucoadhesion, evaluating methods, and finally various Mucoadhesive drug delivery systems (buccal, nasal, ocular, gastro, vaginal, and rectal) based on literatures were reported so far. In this review article, the various aspects of pharmaceutical microemulsion were compiled together and the target audiences are specifically the M. Pharm and B. Pharm students so that their knowledge towards the subject concern can be enhanced and also at the same time can be motivated towards the publication.

Keywords

Bioadhesive, Transmucosal, Absorption.

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Anubhav Mishra ¹, Girish Sahu ¹, Amit Kumar ¹, Deepak Patel ¹, Ghanshyam Rathore ¹, Dileshwar Sahu ¹, Ravindra ¹, Manmohan Diwan ¹, Dhaniram Kanwar ¹, Laxminarayan Patel ¹, Mukta Agrawal ¹, D. K. Tripathi ¹, Ajazuddin ¹, Amit Alexander ¹

Affiliations
1 Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka-Kurud Road, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, 490024, IN

Abstract

Controlled drug delivery is useful because it allows obtaining better drug product, effectiveness, reliability and safety. Hydrogel are one of the upcoming classes of polymer-based controlled release drug delivery systems. Besides exhibiting swelling-controlled drug release, hydrogel also show stimuli-responsive changes in their structural network and hence, the drug release. Because of large variations in physiological pH at various body sites in normal as well as pathological conditions, pH-responsive polymeric networks have been extensively studied. This review highlights the use of hydrogel (a class of polymeric systems) in controlled drug delivery, and their application in pH-responsive, drug release. Hydrogel show minimal tendency to adsorb proteins from body fluids because of their low interfacial tension. Further, the ability of molecules of different sizes to diffuse into (drug loading) and out of (drug release) hydrogel allows the possible use of dry or swollen polymeric networks as drug delivery systems for oral, nasal, buccal, rectal, vaginal, ocular and parenteral routes of administration. Hydrogel also terms 'intelligent gels' or 'smart hydrogel'. The smartness of any material is the key to its ability to receive, transmit or process a stimulus, and respond by producing a useful effect. This review highlights the use of hydrogel (a class of polymeric systems) in controlled drug delivery, and their application in stimuli responsive, especially pH-responsive, drug release. In this review article, the various aspects of pharmaceutical microemulsin where compile together and the target audience are specifically the M.pharm and B.pharm student so that their knowledge towards the subject concern can be enhanced and also at the same time can be motivated towards the publication.

Keywords

Hydrogel, Stimuli-Responsive, Smart Hydrogel.

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Shriya Gupta ¹, Sonali Dhokne ¹, Rameshwar Verma ¹, Manish Mitra ¹, Umesh Sahu ¹, Pitamber Bhardwaj ¹, Mohainish Bhoyar ¹, Manoj Biswas ¹, Lukesh Sahu ¹, Sheetal Jha ¹, Mukta Agrawal ¹, D. K. Tripathi ¹, Ajazuddin ¹, Amit Alexander ¹

Affiliations
1 Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka-Kurud Road, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh 490024, IN

Abstract

Biphasic liquid dosage have an associated limitation of poor physical stability and therefore it is said to be thermodynamically unstable. Moreover, this area is also of great interest among the researchers towards the improvement of the stability. Thus, development of microemulsion systems is of great interest among the researchers. A microemulsion is a system of water, oil and amphiphilic compounds (surfactant and co-surfactant) which is a transparent, single opticalisotropic and thermodynamical stable liquid. Microemulsions are readily distinguished from normal emulsions by their transparency, low viscosity and more fundamentally their thermodynamic stability. In this review article, the various aspects of pharmaceutical microemulsion were compiled together and the target audiences are specifically the M. Pharm and B. Pharm students so that their knowledge towards the subject concern can be enhanced and also at the same time can be motivated towards the publication.

Keywords

Microemulsion, Transparency, Amphiphilic.

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Archana Kushwaha ¹, Jayanti Jaiswal ¹, Priya Singh ¹, Neha Rathore ¹, Jai Prakash Dhruw ¹, Ishu Sahu ¹, Chhaya Singh ¹, Krinsha Kumar Sahu ¹, Mukta Agrawal ¹, D. K. Tripathi ¹, Ajazuddin ¹, Amit Alexander ¹

Affiliations
1 Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka-Kurud Road, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh 490024, IN

Abstract

Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) are dosage forms involves drug transport to viable epidermal and or dermal tissues of the skin for local therapeutic effect while a main function of drug is transported into the systemic blood circulation. The purpose of this research was to develop a matrix-type transdermal therapeutic system containing drug diclofenac with different ratios of hydrophilic (hydroxyl propyl cellulose) and hydrophobic (ethyl cellulose) polymeric systems polymeric systems by the solvent evaporation technique and by using Glycerol as plasticizer. Different concentrations of oleic acid and isopropyl myristate were used to enhance the transdermal permeation of Diclofenac. To improve characters of transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) was emerged, which will improve the therapeutic efficacy and safety of drugs by specific sites within the body, thereby reducing both the size and number of doses. The present article reviews the selection of drug candidates and polymers suitable to be formulated as transdermal system, advantages, disadvantages of formulation design and the methods of evaluation. In this review article the various aspects of pharmaceutical transdermal drug delivery system where compiled together and the target audience are specifically the M Pharm and B Pharm students so that their knowledge towards the subject concern can be enhanced and also at the same time can be motivated towards the publications.

Keywords

Transdermal Drug Delivery System Diclofenac, Transdermal Film, Permeation Enhancer.

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Ashok Chandrakar ¹, Bishesar Sahu ¹, Homendra Sahu ¹, Jagdish Dewangan ¹, Navin Kumar ¹, Rajat Singh ¹, Rohit Gupta ¹, Devesh Kumar ¹, Bhishm Sahu ¹, Kuldeep Dewangan ¹, Rishi Kaushal ¹, Mukta Agrawal ¹, D. K. Tripathi ¹, Ajazuddin ¹, Amit Alexander ¹

Affiliations
1 Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kohka-Kurud Road, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh 490024, IN

Abstract

Ease of administration and painless approach made oral route the most preferred. Poor oral bioavailability is pronounced with the majority of recent active ingredients because of dissolution rate limited absorption. Failure to attain intended therapeutic effect of the poor water soluble drugs by this route led to development of novel drug delivery systems which will fulfill therapeutic needs with minimum dose. Although many formulation approaches like solid dispersions, complexation, pH modifications and lipid based delivery systems finding increased appliance with the apparent increase in absorption of drug. Among lipid based formulations, self-micro emulsifying formulations (droplet size < 100 nm) are evident to improve the oral bioavailability of hydrophobic drugs primarily due to their efficiency in facilitating solubilization and in presenting the hydrophobic drug in solubilized form whereby dissolution process can be circumvented. Various components that are used to formulate these dosage forms like surfactants and lipids contribute to the overall improvement in oral bioavailability via promoting the lymphatic transport; thereby hepatic first pass metabolism can be surmounted. The present article gives exhaustive information on the formulation design and characterization of SMEDDS by which the bioavailability can be improved. In this review article, the various aspects of pharmaceutical SMEDDS where compiled together and target audience are specifically the B.Pharm and M.Pharm students so that their knowledge towards the subject concern can be enhanced and also at the same time can be motivated towards the publication.

Keywords

SMEDDS, Solubilization, Emulsion, Stability, Surfactant.

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