Journal of Natural Remedies

M. K. Mohan Maruga Raja ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Parul Institute of Pharmacy & Research, Parul University, Waghodia - 391760, Gujarat, IN

Abstract

No Abstract.

Keywords

No Keywords.

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M. K. Mohan Maruga Raja ¹, Agilandeswari Devarajan ², M. K. Kathiravan ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Parul Institute of Pharmacy & Research, Parul University, Waghodia - 391760, Gujarat, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutics, Ikon Pharmacy College, Bheemanahalli - 562109, Karnataka, IN
3 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Dr APJ Kalam Research Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur - 603203, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

No Abstract.

Keywords

CVD, Hypertension, Hyperlipidemia, Obesity.

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M. K. Mohan Maruga Raja ¹

Affiliations
1 Editor-in-Chief, Journal of Natural Remedies, Bengaluru, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

No Abstract.

Keywords

No Keywords.

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M. K. Mohan Maruga Raja ¹

Affiliations
1 Journal of Natural Remedies, Bengaluru, Karnataka, IN

Abstract

No Abstract.

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M. K. Mohan Maruga Raja ¹, Jubie Selvaraj ², S. S. Pottabathula ², G. V. Anjana ³, M. K. Kathiravan ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Parul Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat – 391760, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, J.S.S. College of Pharmacy, Udhagamandalam, Tamil Nadu – 643001, IN
3 Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam Research Laboratory, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu – 603203, IN

Abstract

Context: The novel coronavirus named as COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) from its origin in Hubei spread across the continent in a short period of six months’ time. Till date there is no drug to cure the novel corona virus SARS-CoV-2. Earlier studies on SARS-CoV-1 suggests that interleukin 6 (IL-6) and Interleukin 8 (IL-8) were in the higher levels indicating the key role of IL. Aim: Molecular simulation studies were carried out on the selected 24 chemical constituents present in rasam against IL-6 to identify the key interaction between the amino acid residues and their chemical structure. Materials and Methods: A library of 24 chemical constituents was sketched using Chem Sketch programming 8.0. The 3D structures of ligands were retrieved in mol format in Maestro v 11.3 and the ligands were optimized utilizing ligprep (4.3) module (Schrödinger 2018-1). Results: One of the chemical constituents sinigrin a glucosinolate emerged as top scorer with a GLIDE score of -6.333. It was apparent from the examination, that the Van der Waals (ΔG bindvdW) and coulomb energy interactions were major great contributors. The structural diversity of sinigrin from the rest of other chemical constituents in rasam led to significantly better interaction with amino acid residues. Conclusion: The study identifies sinigrin, as one of the active constituents in rasam possessing good binding affinity against IL-6 which can be used as a dietary supplement and can be used as a control measure to fight against Covid-19.

Keywords

Functional Food, IL-6 Inhibitor, SARS-CoV-2, Sinigrin, Tartaric Acid.

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M. K. Mohan Maruga Raja ¹, Ravi Manne ², Agilandeswari Devarajan ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Parul Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Parul University, Waghodia - 391110, Gujarat, IN
2 Environmental and Industrial Hygiene Services, Chemtex, Port Arthur, Texas, US
3 Research and Development, Synapses AI India Private Limited, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Cow is considered as mother and even as god. It is one of the largest domesticated mammals. The meaning of the word panchagavya in Sanskrit is "five cow-derivatives" consisting of three direct constituents like cow urine, dung, milk and the two derived products are curd and ghee. Cow dung and urine are the excretory products. Cow dung is an undigested residue of consumed food material of cow combined with faeces and urine, lignin, cellulose and hemicelluloses being the major composition. Cow dung is an indigestible plant material from the intestine of cow released on to the ground. Generally, faeces, either from an animal or human is not a desired topic of conversation. Cow dung is worth discussing. It's a useful material and helps us in a variety of ways. Cow urine has been used as an antimicrobial not only for rituals but also therapeutically. But cow dung has been mostly used as a firework and/or biofertilizer in the form of cow patties. Researchers have ignored the therapeutical benefits of cow dung which is evident from the smaller number of pharmaceutical products in market amidst of its miraculous benefits. This review discusses about the existing traditional therapeutics and the respective medicinal property of cow dung and tries to change the mindset of the scientific community to carry out the further research in the future.

Keywords

Human, Microbe, Medicine, Patties, Protection, Universe

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Achsha Babu ¹, M. Indiraleka ², M. K. Mohan Maruga Raja ³, D. Premnath ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biosciences, Karunya Institute of Technology and Science (Deemed to be University), Coimbatore – 641114, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Biotechnology, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi – 626005, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Parul Institute of Pharmacy & Research, Parul University, Limda, Waghodia – 391760, Vadodara, Gujarat, IN
4 Department of Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biosciences, Karunya Institute of Technology and Science (Deemed to be University), Coimbatore – 641114, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

COVID-19 is a deadly serious infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, spreading widely with a rise in number of deaths every day. Because of the rapid transmission, various research domains have much responsibility to find a suitable drug or vaccine as soon as possible within a short time to save lives. Plant based chemical constituents serve as potential therapeutics against COVID-19, which is evident by current reports of screening phytochemicals against potential targets by computational techniques. Medicinal plants are used since ancient times and are known highly for their effective treatment of several infectious diseases. This review summarizes the use of medicinal plants to treat COVID-19 infection and aims to draw more attention towards investigating potent chemical constituents from medicinal plants.

Keywords

Antiviral, Phytochemicals, Secondary Metabolites, SARS-CoV-2

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L. S. Dhivya ¹, M. K. Mohan Maruga Raja ², M. K. Kathiravan ³

Affiliations
1 Dr. APJ Kalam Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur – 603203, Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Parul Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Parul University, Vadodara – 391760, Gujarat, IN
3 Dr. APJ Kalam Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur – 603203, Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur – 603203, Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

The objective of the work is to identify a natural origin compound that could have an anti-tubercular effect, thereby preventing the infection in humans using computational approach. Our focus was to find a inhibitor for Enoyl- acyl carrier reductase enzyme and hence chemically diverse scaffolds from plants origin were selected. Admet parameters were performed for the compounds, and the top nine compounds among 50 compounds were found to be non-carcinogenic. The pharmacological predicted activity (Pa) of few compounds such as 14-Deoxy-11,12 didehydroandrographolide, Terflavin B, and Liquirtin was found to be more active when compared with that of the standard reference. Further more the synthesis of these active compounds derivatives can be investigated theoretical followed by its synthesis and evaluation by in vitro activity against the InhA could be of interest.

Keywords

InhA, Liquirtin, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Molecular Docking, Terflavin B.

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Sidhant Mishra ¹, Dinesh Deore ¹, Kundan Kumar ¹, M. K. Mohan Maruga Raja ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Parul Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Parul University, Limda, Vadodara, Gujarat, IN
2 Department of Pharmacognosy, Parul Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Parul University, Limda, Vadodara, Gujarat, IN

Abstract

Rasam is a popular traditional food in the southern part of India. It is consumed on a regular basis, generally with rice. It has a variety of constituents in it, like tomato, pepper, garlic, Indian sesame oil, cumin, mustard, coriander, chili pepper, asafoetida, turmeric and curry leaves, which provide different medicinal and health benefits to the human body. This review is an effort to compile all research work on rasam and to highlight its health benefits.

Keywords

Asafoetida, Black Pepper, Cumin, Curry Leaves, Tamarind, Turmeric

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Jagdish Kakadiya ¹, Saloni Soni ¹, Sachin Sharma ², Sunil Shastri ², M. K. Mohan Maruga Raja ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacology, Parul Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Parul University, Vadodara – 391760, Gujarat, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Parul Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Parul University, Vadodara – 391760, Gujarat, IN
3 Department of Pharmacognosy, Parul Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Parul University, Vadodara – 391760, Gujarat, IN

Abstract

Since time immemorial, the Indian medical system, particularly Ayurveda and Siddha, has prioritised prevention and health over symptoms and drugs. Siddha, an Indian system of medicine, originated in ancient Thamilakam (currently Tamil Nadu, India). The combination of Inji (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), Sukku (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) and Kadukkai (Terminalia chebula Retz) as herbal therapy with numerous chemical constituents can be considered a better pharmacological approach than consuming individual ingredients and/or chemical constituents. This review is an attempt to summarize the evidence related to the anti-obesity and weight-lowering effects of ginger and T. chebula. The overall view shows an anti-hyperlipidemic effect of Zingiber officinale and Terminalia chebula.

Keywords

Black Myrobalan, Ginger, Inji, Kadukkai, Siddha, Sukku

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Drashti C. Patel ¹, M. K. Mohan Maruga Raja ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Parul Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Parul University, Limda, Vadodara - 391110, Gujarat, IN
2 Department of Pharmacognosy, Parul Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Parul University, Limda, Vadodara - 391110, Gujarat, IN

Abstract

Kabasura Kudineer is a polyherbal decoction of the Siddha medical system (an Indian system of medicine), traditionally used to cure fever, colds, coughs, and respiratory ailments. The government of India had recommended Kabasura Kudineer as one of many preventive/treatment measures for COVID-19. Kabasura Kudineer Choornam is an admixed coarse powder of 15 herbs and its decoction is Kabasura Kudineer. The chemical constituents in the 15 herbs used for the preparation of the Choornam are known but the constituents present in the Kabasura Kudineer (decoction) are unidentified. Piperine, vasicine and eugenol are known for their potent activity against respiratory tract infections; hence, they were selected as marker compounds. The present work was planned to simultaneously quantify piperine, vasicine and eugenol in Kabasura Kudineer by the HPTLC method. The optimised mobile phase was toluene: ethyl acetate: methanol: ammonia (5:9:3:0.5, v/v/v/v), and the scanning was carried out at 287 nm. The Rf values of piperine, vasicine and eugenol were found to be 0.70, 0.32 and 0.82, respectively. The linearity range of piperine and vasicine was 500-3000 ng spot–1 and it was 10–60 ng spot–1 for eugenol. The quantities of piperine, vasicine and eugenol in Kabasura Kudineer (100 mL) were 0.03, 0.056 and 0.035 % w/v, respectively. This developed method can be used to simultaneously quantify piperine, vasicine and eugenol in any polyherbal formulation.

Keywords

Cold, COVID-19, Decoction, Fever, Kabasura Kudineer Choornam, Respiratory Tract Infections.

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Nirupama Panda ¹, S. K. Zakki Uddin ¹, G. V. Anjana ¹, P. Ramalingam ², Senthilkumar Palaniappan ³, M. K. Mohan Maruga Raja ⁴, M. K. Kathiravan ¹

Affiliations
1 Dr APJ Abdul Kalam Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur – 603203, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Hajipur District: Vaishali, Hajipur - 844102, Bihar, IN
3 Faculty of Pharmacy, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Pollachi Main Road, Eachanari Post, Coimbatore - 641021, Tamil Nadu, IN
4 Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Parul Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat – 391760, IN

Abstract

Deuterated medicinal chemistry is an attempt to introduce deuterium into existing drug molecules through the replacement of hydrogen atoms (-H) with deuterium (-D). The process of deuteration is to reduce the rates of breaking the carbonhydrogen bond. If the carbon-hydrogen bond breaking is the rate-determining step in the biotransformation of the drug, the deuterated drug may show improved pharmacokinetic characteristics, such as a longer half-life, hence lowering the need for frequent dosing. In this review, we discuss the improvement in the drug’s pharmacokinetic profile with deuterium. Further, this Deuterium exchange chemistry can reduce toxicity and be safe for human use. Also, the drugs experimented with using deuterium are discussed as how deuterated chemistry can help fight antimicrobial resistance. Beyond all, still, the design and development of a successful deuterated drug with acceptable efficacy is hence a challenge. The translation of hypotheses from laboratory experiments to clinical application and further to real-time practice is unpredictable. Also, long-term drug stability and toxicity studies for individual drugs are to be studied which may vary from patient to patient.

Keywords

Antimicrobial Resistance, Deuterium, Metronidazole, Pharmacokinetic Property

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