Effect of Betel Leaf Extract on Nerve Impulse Conduction through Sciatic Nerve in Frog Using a Modified Technique

Plain betel leaf extract is reported to produce local anesthesia by surface and infiltration techniques. Objective: (1) to explore the effect of betel leaf extract on conduction of nerve impulse and (2) to evaluate its potency as compared to 2% xylocaine. Materials & Methods: The extract (12 to 15 ml) was prepared by squeezing ground betel leaf paste. An in situ gastrocnemius-sciatic nerve preparation was made on both the legs of a pithed frog and necessary electrical and kymograph connections were made. Xylocaine or betel leaf extract (0.2 ml) was applied on the sciatic nerve of one side and the other side served as control. The response to the electrical stimulus given proximal to the site of application alternatively on both sides was recorded on the same drum, until there was no response. Then the drug was washed off and recovery recorded. Results: Betel leaf extract produced statistically significant conduction block anesthesia of slow onset (25 min as against 2 min with xylocaine) and fast recovery (2 min as against 44 min with xylocaine) . The extract was found to possess 25% of the local anesthetic activity of xylocaine. Conclusions: Betel leaf extract produced a conduction block anesthesia of slow onset and quick recovery. It is less potent than xylocaine in this regard.