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Aggarwal, Rashmi

Characterization of Antifungal Metabolites of Chaetomium globosum Kunze and their Antagonism against Fungal Plant Pathogens

Abstract Views :394 | PDF Views:202

Authors

S. K. Biswas ¹, Rashmi Aggarwal ², K. D. Srivastava ², Sangeeta Gupta ², Prem Dureja ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Plant Pathology, C.S.A. University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur 208002, IN
2 Division of Plant Pathology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, IN
3 Division of Agricultural Chemicals, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 26, No 1 (2012), Pagination: 70-74

Abstract

Chaetomium species which are normally found in soil and organic compost are noted for the presence of secondary metabolite with biological activities. Secondary metabolites from culture filtrate of Chaetomium globosum Kunze were extracted by solvent extraction method using ethyl acetate and separated by thin layer chromatography in five major bands of different R_f values. These compounds were further purified and fractioned with column chromatography. Compound '1' eluted with hexane (fraction 1-18) as color less liquid (R_f 0.84), and other five compounds (2,3,4,5,6) with different ratio of hexane, benzene and acetone as solvent in different fractions as: 34-63 (R_f. 0.46), 71-75 (R_f 0.31), 78 (R_f 0.58), 76-77 (R_f 0.58) and 85-89 (R_f 0.47) were eluted and purified. GS-MS and NMR studies revealed that compounds 2-6 were identical to spectral data of metabolites, chaetomin, BHT, mollicelin G, isomer of mollicelin G and cochiliodinol respectively. One more elution with benzene: acetone (95 : 5 v/v) gave a pale yellow crystalline compound of R_f 0.37 identified as chaetoglobosin. Bioassay studies with two compounds i.e., chaetoglobosin and chaetomin revealed significant growth inhibitory activity against various plant pathogens such as Bipolaris sorokiniana, Macrophomina phaseolina, Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium ultimum under in vitro conditions.

Keywords

Chaetomium globosum, Biocontrol and Secondary Metabolites, HPLC GC- MS.

Full Text

References

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Aggarwal R, Srivastava KD, Singh DV. 1996. Mechanism of combat between plant Pathogens and antagonists. Paper presented in annual meeting of Indian Phytopathological Society, PAU, Ludhiana, 14–17 Feb., India.

Aggarwal R, Tewari AK, Srivastava KD, Singh DV. 2004. Role of antibiosis in biological control of spot blotch (Cochliobolus sativus) of wheat using Chaetomium globosum. Mycopathologia 157: 369–377.

Aggarwal R, Tiwari AK, Dureja P, Srivastava KD. 2007a. Quantitative analysis of secondary metabolites produced by Chaetomium globosum Krunze ex Fr. J Biol Control 21:163–168.

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Quantitative Analysis of Secondary Metabolites Produced by Chaetomium globosum Krunze ex Fr

Abstract Views :218 | PDF Views:166

Authors

Rashmi Aggarwal ¹, A. K. Tiwari ², P. Dureja ³, K. D. Srivastava ¹

Affiliations
1 Division of Plant Pathology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR), New Delhi 110012, IN
2 Jamnu University, Jammu, IN
3 Division of Agricultural Chemicals, IARI, New Delhi-110012, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 21, No 1 (2007), Pagination: 163-168

Abstract

Chaetomium globosum Krunze ex Fr. (Cg) has been identified as a potential antagonist of Bipolaris sorokiniana and Ascochyta rabei. This biocontrol agent has been found to be producing antifungal metabolites. Six different isolates of Cg were characterized for the production of antifungal metabolites. The quantitative estimation of crude extracts showed maximum production by isolate Cg3 (47.2μg/mg mycelium) followed by Cg2 (44.2μg/mg). Isolate Cgl produced minimum quantity of metabolites (7.44μg/mg). Crude extracts of secondary metabolites from all the isolates of C. globosum when resolved by thin layer chromatography showed that the isolate of Cgl produced only two compounds of R_r value 0.17 and 0.48, while isolate Cg2 produced thirteen compounds, followed by 11 compounds produced by isolate Cg3, The metabolite from spore germination fluid of isolate Cg2, when resolved on TLC plate along with crude extracts from culture filtrate of Cg2, showed production of about same number of compounds. One of the purified compounds from isolate Cg2 when used for bioassay against Bipolaris sorokiniana, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium udum and Macrophomina phaseolina pathogens proved effective in inhibiting the growth up to 70 percent.

Keywords

Bioefficacy, Chaetomium globosum, Secondary Metabolites, Soil Borne Pathogens.

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Colony Characteristics and Bioefficacy of Different Isolates of Chaetomium globosum Krunze Ex Fr. against Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoem.

Abstract Views :242 | PDF Views:105

Authors

S. K. Ahammed ¹, Rashmi Aggarwal ¹, K. D. Srivastava ¹

Affiliations
1 Division of Plant Pathology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 18, No 2 (2004), Pagination: 167-171

Abstract

Chaetomium globOsum Krunze ex Fr. has been identified as a potential antagonist of Bipolaris sorokiniana. (Sacc.) Shoem. Nine isolates of this antagonist have been characterized for their colon), characteristics and bioefficacy against the pathogen. Colony characters yaried among the isolates on different media. Potato dextrose agar (PDA) supported maximum growth and sporulation of C. globosum, while suppressed growth and less sporulation were obsen-ed on Czapek dox agar medi urn. Isolates Cgl, Cg6, Cg7, Cg8 and Cg9 were fast growing but produced less number of perithecia, ,vhile isolates Cg2, Cg3, Cg4 and CgS were slow growing showing profuse perithecia formation. All the nine isolates of C. globosum, when evaluated against B. sorokiniuna for their bioefficacy, inhibited growth of test pathogen ranging from 40.03 to 7.02 per cent. The slow woning isolate Cg2 and Cg4 caused maximum inhibition of mycelial growth of B. sorokiniuna.

Keywords

Bioefficacy, Bipolaris sorokiniana, Chaetomium globosum, Colony Characters.

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The Potential of Antagonistic Organisms for Bio-Control of Neovossia indica Causing Karnal Bunt of Wheat

Deciphering the network of interconnected pathways of Chaetomium globosum antagonistic related genes against Bipolaris sorokiniana using RNA seq approach

Abstract Views :310 | PDF Views:135

Authors

Darshan K. ¹, Rashmi Aggarwal ¹, Bishnu Maya Bashyal ¹, M. Haritha Mohan ¹

Affiliations
1 Fungal Molecular Biology Laboratory, Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR - Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi – 110 012, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 34, No 4 (2020), Pagination: 258-269

Abstract

Chaetomium species are known as potential biocontrol agents against phytopathogens due to their multiple antagonistic mechanisms. Plant disease is controlled by Chaetomium exhibit complex interactions against plant pathogen under varied conditions. Previously, mycoparasitism and antibiosis have been reported as most effective mechanism exhibited by the C. globosum against Bipolaris sorokiniana. In the present study, the examination of major biosynthetic pathways underlying Chaetomium globosum biocontrol activity was elucidated. It was shown that the pathways related to biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, hydrolytic enzymes and other key regulator genes were involved in production of hydrolytic enzymes and antifungal metabolites. We identified various genes of biological function with significant log2 fold change such as phosphoribosyl aminoimidazole carboxylase (9.693), protease (8.18), cyanate hydratase (Cyanase) (6.7), Fe2OG dioxygenase domain-containing protein (5.9), superoxide dismutase (5.55), glycosidase (5.34), carboxylic ester hydrolase (5.27), alpha-1,2-Mannosidase (4.44), alpha-1,4 glucan phosphorylase (3.99), endochitinase (3.87), P53-like transcription factor (Fragment) (3.55), metalloprotease (3.4), polyketide synthase (3.35), Catalase-peroxidase (CP) (3.14), protein kinase domain-containing protein (3.18) and glutamate decarboxylase (2.1) which are involved in biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, polyketide synthase, antibiotic, hydrolytic enzymes and putative fungistatic metabolites. This data provides a good foundation for continued researches into C. globosum Cg2 biocontrol activity for facilitating widespread application under the field conditions.

Keywords

Bio-control, Bipolaris sorokiniana, Chaetomium globosum, CNV, interconnected pathways, secondary metabolites

Full Text

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