A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
SAR, Fatou Bintou
- Lung Function of Traditional Bakers and Pastry Makers Expsosed to Flour Dust in the City of Thies, Senegal
Authors
1 UFR of Health Sciences of Thies, Service Functional Explorations of the Regional Hospital of Thies, SN
2 Laboratory Physiology and Functional Explorations, FMPO/UCAD, Dakar, SN
Source
International Journal of Physiology, Vol 8, No 1 (2020), Pagination: 136-141Abstract
Introduction: Cases of restrictive and obstructive diseases have been reported in workers exposed to flour dust. In Senegal, studies on the lung function of bakery-pastry employees are rare. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the clinical respiratory manifestations and ventilatory disorders (VD) related to flour dust exposure among traditional bakers and pastry makers in the city of Thies, Senegal.
Materials and Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. Forty subjects were recruited. Subjects received a basic and post-bronchodilator spirometry. The targeted respiratory functional disorders were bronchial obstruction, functional restriction and mixed syndrome.
Results: The average length of service at the workplace was 7±6,7 years. Smokers represented 17,5%. A respiratory symptoms were found in 65% of our subjects. Coughing, sneezing and rhinorrhea were more frequent with 50%, 24% and 17% respectively. The most common ventilatory disorders among exposed bakers were of the mixed type (22,5%). On the other hand, 12,5% had an isolated obstructive ventilatory disorder (OVD) and a restrictive functional disorder (RFD) was found in 10%. The obstructive ventilatory disorders were dominated by obstruction of the small airways (80%). The severity of ventilatory disorders was of a moderate deficit type (87% and 62% respectively). Respiratory function abnormalities were more common in the smokers with a prevalence of ventilatory disorders that increased with age of employment. However, the effect of exposure appears to be clear because among non-smokers, 12,13 % of the exposed patients had respiratory functional abnormalities with isolated restrictive functional disorder type.
Conclusion: This study showed that bakery and pastry workers have various respiratory symptoms and ventilatory disorders. Smoking and job tenure remain factors that increase these flour dust-related risks.
Keywords
Bakery, Flour Dust, Respiratory Symptoms, Spirometry, Ventilatory Disorders.
References
- Ramazzini B. De morbis artificum diatriba. 1700. D’après la traduction de A. de Fourcroy : Alexitère éd. 1990.
- Emls J, Beckett P, Griffin P, Evans P, Sams C, Roff M et al. Job categories and their effects no exposure to fungal alpha-amylase and inhalable dust in UK Baking industry. AIHAJ 2003;64 (4): 467-71.
- Burstyn I. Teschke K, Kennedy SM. Exposure levels and determination of inhalable dust in bakeries. Ann Occup Hyg 1997; 41: 609-24.
- Lucas D, Loddé B, Bronstein JA, Dewitte JD, Jegaden D. Asthme au soja, la problématique professionnelle chez les dockers à partir de deux cas. Medicina Maritima 2008; 8:20.
- Occupational health and safety. International Labour Office, Geneva 1990 WHLD Pub, Vol11/ LZ: 98-100.
- Soriano JB, Miravitlles M, Garcia-Rio F, Munoz L, Sanchez G, Sobradillo V et al. Spirometricallydefined restrictive ventilator defect: population variability and individual determinant .Prim Car Respir J. 2012; 21(2):187-193.
- Weitzenblum E. Indication des explorations fonctionnelles respiratoires. Paris: Éditions margaux orange; 2004:169–78
- Hentschel T, Hruschka F, Priester M. Global report on artisanal and small scale mining. Mining minerals and sustainable development. World Business Council for sustainable development/ IIED; 2002.
- Aba LN. Amélioration des conditions de travail et de la productivité dans les garages automobiles à Abidjan : Proposition d’application de la méthodologie du WISE. Thèse Med, Abidjan ; 2007. n°4562: 96..
- Valeurs limites d’exposition professionnelle aux substances dangereuses en France. INRS, Cahiers de Notes Documentaires, 1988; 133: 691-706.
- Blecklake M, Broder I, Chan-Yeung M, Dosman JA, Ernst P, Herbert FA et al. Recommendations for reducing the effects of grain dust on the lungs. Canadian Thoracic Society Standard Committee. CMAJ 1996; 155 (10)1399-1403.
- Ige OM, Awoyemi OB. Respiratory symptoms and ventilatory function of the Bakery workers in Ibadan, Nigeria. WAJM 2002; 21; (4):316-18.
- Laraqui CH, Caubet A, Laraqui O, Benghalem A, Harourate K, Bichara M et al. Prevalence des symptômes respiratoires et évaluation du degré de sensibilisation chez les ouvriers du souk de céréales de Casablanca. Rev Mal Respir 2000; 17: 947-55.
- Tabka F, Mrizek N, Tabka Z, Choudat D, Conso F. Pathologie respiratoire liée à la poussière de céréales. Etude dans la région de Sousse (Tunisie) ; Arch mal prof, 1999;60(2):101-6.
- Vanhanen M, Tuomi T, Hokkanen H, Tupasela O, Tuomainen A, Holmberg PC et al. Enzyme exposure and enzyme sensitization in the baking industry. Occup Environ Med. 1996; 53: 670–676.
- Prichard MG, Ryan G, Musk AW. Wheat flour sensitisation and airways disease in urban bakers. Br J Ind Med 1984; 41(4): 450-4.
- Houba R, Heederik JJ, Doekes G, Van Run PEM. Exposure sensitization relationship for α-amylase allergens in the baking industry. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996;154(1): 130-6.
- Laraqui CH, Alaoui Yazidi A, Rahhali A, Verger C, Caubet A, Belemallem I, et al. Prévalence des symptômes cliniques respiratoires et la sensibilisation dans un échantillon de minotiers au Maroc. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2003;7(4):382-9.
- Cotton D, Graham B. Effects of smoking and occupational exposure on peripheral airways function in young cereal grain workers. Am. Rev. Resp. Dis. I 982; 26. 660-665.
- Cotton D, Graham B. Effects of grain dust exposure and smoking on respiratory symptoms and lung function. J. Occup. Med.1983; 25:131-141.
- Aka I. Amélioration des conditions et de la productivité dans les menuiseries et ébénisteries à Abidjan : Proposition d’application de la méthodologie du WISE. Thèse Med, Abidjan; 2008. n° 4716:106.